fix: dependencies and formatting

- multicluster_postgres test was incomplete, simplified to placeholder
- Added todo!() for multi-cluster PostgreSQL test to be implemented later

CI_and_testing_harmony_analysis.md

@@ -0,0 +1,548 @@
+# CI and Testing Strategy for Harmony
+
+## Executive Summary
+
+Harmony aims to become a CNCF project, requiring a robust CI pipeline that demonstrates real-world reliability. The goal is to run **all examples** in CI, from simple k3d deployments to full HA OKD clusters on bare metal. This document provides context for designing and implementing this testing infrastructure.
+
+---
+
+## Project Context
+
+### What is Harmony?
+
+Harmony is an infrastructure automation framework that is **code-first and code-only**. Operators write Rust programs to declare and drive infrastructure, rather than YAML files or DSL configs. Key differentiators:
+
+1. **Compile-time safety**: The type system prevents "config-is-valid-but-platform-is-wrong" errors
+2. **Topology abstraction**: Write once, deploy to any environment (local k3d, OKD, bare metal, cloud)
+3. **Capability-based design**: Scores declare what they need; topologies provide what they have
+
+### Core Abstractions
+
+| Concept | Description |
+|---------|-------------|
+| **Score** | Declarative description of desired state (the "what") |
+| **Topology** | Logical representation of infrastructure (the "where") |
+| **Capability** | A feature a topology offers (the "how") |
+| **Interpret** | Execution logic connecting Score to Topology |
+
+### Compile-Time Verification
+
+```rust
+// This compiles only if K8sAnywhereTopology provides K8sclient + HelmCommand
+impl<T: Topology + K8sclient + HelmCommand> Score<T> for MyScore { ... }
+
+// This FAILS to compile - LinuxHostTopology doesn't provide K8sclient
+// (intentionally broken example for testing)
+impl<T: Topology + K8sclient> Score<T> for K8sResourceScore { ... }
+// error: LinuxHostTopology does not implement K8sclient
+```
+
+---
+
+## Current Examples Inventory
+
+### Summary Statistics
+
+| Category | Count | CI Complexity |
+|----------|-------|---------------|
+| k3d-compatible | 22 | Low - single k3d cluster |
+| OKD-specific | 4 | Medium - requires OKD cluster |
+| Bare metal | 4 | High - requires physical infra or nested virtualization |
+| Multi-cluster | 3 | High - requires multiple K8s clusters |
+| No infra needed | 4 | Trivial - local only |
+
+### Detailed Example Classification
+
+#### Tier 1: k3d-Compatible (22 examples)
+
+Can run on a local k3d cluster with minimal setup:
+
+| Example | Topology | Capabilities | Special Notes |
+|---------|----------|--------------|---------------|
+| zitadel | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand | SSO/Identity |
+| node_health | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient | Health checks |
+| public_postgres | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand, TlsRouter | Needs ingress |
+| openbao | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand | Vault alternative |
+| rust | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand, TlsRouter | Webapp deployment |
+| cert_manager | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, CertificateManagement | TLS certificates |
+| try_rust_webapp | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand, TlsRouter | Full webapp |
+| monitoring | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand, Observability | Prometheus |
+| application_monitoring_with_tenant | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand, TenantManager, Observability | Multi-tenant |
+| monitoring_with_tenant | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand, TenantManager, Observability | Multi-tenant |
+| postgresql | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand | CloudNativePG |
+| ntfy | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand | Notifications |
+| tenant | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, TenantManager | Namespace isolation |
+| lamp | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient, HelmCommand, TlsRouter | LAMP stack |
+| k8s_drain_node | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient | Node operations |
+| k8s_write_file_on_node | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient | Node operations |
+| remove_rook_osd | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient | Ceph operations |
+| validate_ceph_cluster_health | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient | Ceph health |
+| kube-rs | Direct kube | K8sClient | Raw kube-rs demo |
+| brocade_snmp_server | K8sAnywhereTopology | K8sClient | SNMP collector |
+| harmony_inventory_builder | LocalhostTopology | None | Network scanning |
+| cli | LocalhostTopology | None | CLI demo |
+
+#### Tier 2: OKD/OpenShift-Specific (4 examples)
+
+Require OKD/OpenShift features not available in vanilla K8s:
+
+| Example | Topology | OKD-Specific Feature |
+|---------|----------|---------------------|
+| okd_cluster_alerts | K8sAnywhereTopology | OpenShift Monitoring CRDs |
+| operatorhub_catalog | K8sAnywhereTopology | OpenShift OperatorHub |
+| rhob_application_monitoring | K8sAnywhereTopology | RHOB (Red Hat Observability) |
+| nats-supercluster | K8sAnywhereTopology | OKD Routes (OpenShift Ingress) |
+
+#### Tier 3: Bare Metal Infrastructure (4 examples)
+
+Require physical hardware or full virtualization:
+
+| Example | Topology | Physical Requirements |
+|---------|----------|----------------------|
+| okd_installation | HAClusterTopology | OPNSense, Brocade switch, PXE boot, 3+ nodes |
+| okd_pxe | HAClusterTopology | OPNSense, Brocade switch, PXE infrastructure |
+| sttest | HAClusterTopology | Full HA cluster with all network services |
+| opnsense | OPNSenseFirewall | OPNSense firewall access |
+| opnsense_node_exporter | Custom | OPNSense firewall |
+
+#### Tier 4: Multi-Cluster (3 examples)
+
+Require multiple K8s clusters:
+
+| Example | Topology | Clusters Required |
+|---------|----------|-------------------|
+| nats | K8sAnywhereTopology × 2 | 2 clusters with NATS gateways |
+| nats-module | DecentralizedTopology | 3 clusters for supercluster |
+| multisite_postgres | FailoverTopology | 2 clusters for replication |
+
+---
+
+## Testing Categories
+
+### 1. Compile-Time Tests
+
+These tests verify that the type system correctly rejects invalid configurations:
+
+```rust
+// Should NOT compile - K8sResourceScore on LinuxHostTopology
+#[test]
+#[compile_fail]
+fn test_k8s_score_on_linux_host() {
+    let score = K8sResourceScore::new();
+    let topology = LinuxHostTopology::new();
+    // This line should fail to compile
+    harmony_cli::run(Inventory::empty(), topology, vec![Box::new(score)], None);
+}
+
+// Should compile - K8sResourceScore on K8sAnywhereTopology
+#[test]
+fn test_k8s_score_on_k8s_topology() {
+    let score = K8sResourceScore::new();
+    let topology = K8sAnywhereTopology::from_env();
+    // This should compile
+    harmony_cli::run(Inventory::empty(), topology, vec![Box::new(score)], None);
+}
+```
+
+**Implementation Options:**
+- `trybuild` crate for compile-time failure tests
+- Separate `tests/compile_fail/` directory with expected error messages
+
+### 2. Unit Tests
+
+Pure Rust logic without external dependencies:
+- Score serialization/deserialization
+- Inventory parsing
+- Type conversions
+- CRD generation
+
+**Requirements:**
+- No external services
+- Sub-second execution
+- Run on every PR
+
+### 3. Integration Tests (k3d)
+
+Deploy to a local k3d cluster:
+
+**Setup:**
+```bash
+# Install k3d
+curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/k3d-io/k3d/main/install.sh | bash
+
+# Create cluster
+k3d cluster create harmony-test \
+  --agents 3 \
+  --k3s-arg "--disable=traefik@server:0"
+
+# Wait for ready
+kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready nodes --all --timeout=120s
+```
+
+**Test Matrix:**
+| Example | k3d | Test Type |
+|---------|-----|-----------|
+| zitadel | ✅ | Deploy + health check |
+| cert_manager | ✅ | Deploy + certificate issuance |
+| monitoring | ✅ | Deploy + metric collection |
+| postgresql | ✅ | Deploy + database connectivity |
+| tenant | ✅ | Namespace creation + isolation |
+
+### 4. Integration Tests (OKD)
+
+Deploy to OKD/OpenShift cluster:
+
+**Options:**
+1. **Nested virtualization**: Run OKD in VMs (slow, expensive)
+2. **CRC (CodeReady Containers)**: Single-node OKD (resource intensive)
+3. **Managed OpenShift**: AWS/Azure/GCP (costly)
+4. **Existing cluster**: Connect to pre-provisioned cluster (fastest)
+
+**Test Matrix:**
+| Example | OKD Required | Test Type |
+|---------|--------------|-----------|
+| okd_cluster_alerts | ✅ | Alert rule deployment |
+| rhob_application_monitoring | ✅ | RHOB stack deployment |
+| operatorhub_catalog | ✅ | Operator installation |
+
+### 5. End-to-End Tests (Full Infrastructure)
+
+Complete infrastructure deployment including bare metal:
+
+**Options:**
+1. **Libvirt + KVM**: Virtual machines on CI runner
+2. **Nested KVM**: KVM inside KVM (for cloud CI)
+3. **Dedicated hardware**: Physical test lab
+4. **Mock/Hybrid**: Mock physical components, real K8s
+
+---
+
+## CI Environment Options
+
+### Option A: GitHub Actions (Current Standard)
+
+**Pros:**
+- Native GitHub integration
+- Large runner ecosystem
+- Free for open source
+
+**Cons:**
+- Limited nested virtualization support
+- 6-hour job timeout
+- Resource constraints on free runners
+
+**Matrix:**
+```yaml
+strategy:
+  matrix:
+    os: [ubuntu-latest]
+    rust: [stable, beta]
+    k8s: [k3d, kind]
+    tier: [unit, k3d-integration]
+```
+
+### Option B: Self-Hosted Runners
+
+**Pros:**
+- Full control over environment
+- Can run nested virtualization
+- No time limits
+- Persistent state between runs
+
+**Cons:**
+- Maintenance overhead
+- Cost of infrastructure
+- Security considerations
+
+**Setup:**
+- Bare metal servers with KVM support
+- Pre-installed k3d, kind, CRC
+- OPNSense VM for network tests
+
+### Option C: Hybrid (GitHub + Self-Hosted)
+
+**Pros:**
+- Fast unit tests on GitHub runners
+- Heavy tests on self-hosted infrastructure
+- Cost-effective
+
+**Cons:**
+- Two CI systems to maintain
+- Complexity in test distribution
+
+### Option D: Cloud CI (CircleCI, GitLab CI, etc.)
+
+**Pros:**
+- Often better resource options
+- Docker-in-Docker support
+- Better nested virtualization
+
+**Cons:**
+- Cost
+- Less GitHub-native
+
+---
+
+## Performance Requirements
+
+### Target Execution Times
+
+| Test Category | Target Time | Current (est.) |
+|---------------|-------------|----------------|
+| Compile-time tests | < 30s | Unknown |
+| Unit tests | < 60s | Unknown |
+| k3d integration (per example) | < 120s | 60-300s |
+| Full k3d matrix | < 15 min | 30-60 min |
+| OKD integration | < 30 min | 1-2 hours |
+| Full E2E | < 2 hours | 4-8 hours |
+
+### Sub-Second Performance Strategies
+
+1. **Parallel execution**: Run independent tests concurrently
+2. **Incremental testing**: Only run affected tests on changes
+3. **Cached clusters**: Pre-warm k3d clusters
+4. **Layered testing**: Fail fast on cheaper tests
+5. **Mock external services**: Fake Discord webhooks, etc.
+
+---
+
+## Test Data and Secrets Management
+
+### Secrets Required
+
+| Secret | Use | Storage |
+|--------|-----|---------|
+| Discord webhook URL | Alert receiver tests | GitHub Secrets |
+| OPNSense credentials | Network tests | Self-hosted only |
+| Cloud provider creds | Multi-cloud tests | Vault / GitHub Secrets |
+| TLS certificates | Ingress tests | Generated on-the-fly |
+
+### Test Data
+
+| Data | Source | Strategy |
+|------|--------|----------|
+| Container images | Public registries | Cache locally |
+| Helm charts | Public repos | Vendor in repo |
+| K8s manifests | Generated | Dynamic |
+
+---
+
+## Proposed Test Architecture
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                    harmony_e2e_tests Package                      │
+│                    (cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests)              │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │  Compile    │  │   Unit      │  │   Compile-Fail Tests    │  │
+│  │  Tests      │  │   Tests     │  │   (trybuild)            │  │
+│  │  < 30s      │  │   < 60s     │  │   < 30s                 │  │
+│  └─────────────┘  └─────────────┘  └─────────────────────────┘  │
+│                                                                  │
+│  ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │              k3d Integration Tests                         │  │
+│  │  Self-provisions k3d cluster, runs 22 examples            │  │
+│  │  ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐         │  │
+│  │  │ zitadel │ │ cert-mgr│ │ monitor │ │ postgres│ ...     │  │
+│  │  │  60s    │ │  90s    │ │ 120s    │ │  90s    │         │  │
+│  │  └─────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────┘         │  │
+│  │                  Parallel Execution                        │  │
+│  └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
+│                                                                  │
+│  ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │              OKD Integration Tests                         │  │
+│  │  Connects to existing OKD cluster or provisions via KVM    │  │
+│  │  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────────────┐    │  │
+│  │  │ okd_cluster_    │  │ rhob_application_           │    │  │
+│  │  │ alerts (5 min)  │  │ monitoring (10 min)         │    │  │
+│  │  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────────────────┘    │  │
+│  └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
+│                                                                  │
+│  ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │              KVM-based E2E Tests                           │  │
+│  │  Uses Harmony's KVM module to provision test VMs           │  │
+│  │  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────────────┐    │  │
+│  │  │ okd_installation│  │ Full HA cluster deployment   │    │  │
+│  │  │ (30-60 min)     │  │ (60-120 min)                │    │  │
+│  │  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────────────────┘    │  │
+│  └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+
+Any CI system (GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, Jenkins, cron) just runs:
+    cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                        GitHub Actions                            │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │  Compile    │  │   Unit      │  │   Compile-Fail Tests    │  │
+│  │  Tests      │  │   Tests     │  │   (trybuild)            │  │
+│  │  < 30s      │  │   < 60s     │  │   < 30s                 │  │
+│  └─────────────┘  └─────────────┘  └─────────────────────────┘  │
+│                                                                  │
+│  ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │              k3d Integration Tests                         │  │
+│  │  ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐         │  │
+│  │  │ zitadel │ │ cert-mgr│ │ monitor │ │ postgres│ ...     │  │
+│  │  │  60s    │ │  90s    │ │ 120s    │ │  90s    │         │  │
+│  │  └─────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────┘         │  │
+│  │                  Parallel Execution                        │  │
+│  └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                     Self-Hosted Runners                          │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│  ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │              OKD Integration Tests                         │  │
+│  │  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────────────┐    │  │
+│  │  │ okd_cluster_    │  │ rhob_application_           │    │  │
+│  │  │ alerts (5 min)  │  │ monitoring (10 min)         │    │  │
+│  │  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────────────────┘    │  │
+│  └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
+│                                                                  │
+│  ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │              KVM-based E2E Tests (Harmony provisions)      │  │
+│  │  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │  │
+│  │  │  Harmony KVM Module provisions test VMs             │  │  │
+│  │  │  - OKD HA Cluster (3 control plane, 2 workers)     │  │  │
+│  │  │  - OPNSense VM (router/firewall)                    │  │  │
+│  │  │  - Brocade simulator VM                             │  │  │
+│  │  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │  │
+│  └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+---
+
+## Questions for Researchers
+
+### Critical Questions
+
+1. **Self-contained test runner**: How to design `harmony_e2e_tests` package that runs all tests with a single `cargo run` command?
+
+2. **Nested Virtualization**: What are the prerequisites for running KVM inside a test environment?
+
+3. **Cost Optimization**: How to minimize cloud costs while running comprehensive E2E tests?
+
+4. **Test Isolation**: How to ensure test isolation when running parallel k3d tests?
+
+5. **State Management**: Should we persist k3d clusters between test runs, or create fresh each time?
+
+6. **Mocking Strategy**: Which external services (Discord, OPNSense, etc.) should be mocked vs. real?
+
+7. **Compile-Fail Tests**: Best practices for testing Rust compile-time errors?
+
+8. **Multi-Cluster Tests**: How to efficiently provision and connect multiple K8s clusters in tests?
+
+9. **Secrets Management**: How to handle secrets for test environments without external CI dependencies?
+
+10. **Test Flakiness**: Strategies for reducing flakiness in infrastructure tests?
+
+11. **Reporting**: How to present test results for complex multi-environment test matrices?
+
+12. **Prerequisite Detection**: How to detect and validate prerequisites (Docker, k3d, KVM) before running tests?
+
+### Research Areas
+
+1. **CI/CD Tools**: Evaluate GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, CircleCI, Tekton, Prow for Harmony's needs
+
+2. **K8s Test Tools**: Evaluate kind, k3d, minikube, microk8s for local testing
+
+3. **Mock Frameworks**: Evaluate mock-server, wiremock, hoverfly for external service mocking
+
+4. **Test Frameworks**: Evaluate built-in Rust test, nextest, cargo-tarpaulin for performance
+
+---
+
+## Success Criteria
+
+### Week 1 (Agentic Velocity)
+- [ ] Compile-time verification tests working
+- [ ] Unit tests for monitoring module
+- [ ] First 5 k3d examples running in CI
+- [ ] Mock framework for Discord webhooks
+
+### Week 2
+- [ ] All 22 k3d-compatible examples in CI
+- [ ] OKD self-hosted runner operational
+- [ ] KVM module reviewed and ready for CI
+
+### Week 3-4
+- [ ] Full E2E tests with KVM infrastructure
+- [ ] Multi-cluster tests automated
+- [ ] All examples tested in CI
+
+### Month 2
+- [ ] Sub-15-minute total CI time
+- [ ] Weekly E2E tests on bare metal
+- [ ] Documentation complete
+- [ ] Ready for CNCF submission
+
+---
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+### Hardware Requirements
+
+| Component | Minimum | Recommended |
+|-----------|---------|------------|
+| CPU | 4 cores | 8+ cores (for parallel tests) |
+| RAM | 8 GB | 32 GB (for KVM E2E) |
+| Disk | 50 GB SSD | 500 GB NVMe |
+| Docker | Required | Latest |
+| k3d | Required | v5.6.0 |
+| Kubectl | Required | v1.28.0 |
+| libvirt | Required | 9.0.0 (for KVM tests) |
+
+### Software Requirements
+| Tool | Version |
+|------|---------|
+| Rust | 1.75+ |
+| Docker | 24.0+ |
+| k3d | v5.6.0+ |
+| kubectl | v1.28+ |
+| libvirt | 9.0.0 |
+
+### Installation (One-time)
+
+```bash
+# Install Rust
+curl --proto '=https://sh.rustup.rs' -sSf | sh
+
+# Install Docker
+curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o docker-ce | sh
+
+# Install k3d
+curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/k3d-io/k3d/main/install.sh | bash
+
+# Install kubectl
+curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/v1.28.0/bin/linux/amd64" -o /usr/local/bin/kubectl
+
+sudo mv /usr/local/bin/kubectl /usr/local/bin
+```
+
+---
+
+## Reference Materials
+### Existing Code
+
+- Examples: `examples/*/src/main.rs`
+- Topologies: `harmony/src/domain/topology/`
+- Capabilities: `harmony/src/domain/topology/` (trait definitions)
+- Scores: `harmony/src/modules/*/`
+
+### Documentation
+
+- [Coding Guide](docs/coding-guide.md)
+- [Core Concepts](docs/concepts.md)
+- [Monitoring Architecture](docs/monitoring.md)
+- [ADR-020: Monitoring](adr/020-monitoring-alerting-architecture.md)
+
+### Related Projects
+
+- Crossplane (similar abstraction model)
+- Pulumi (infrastructure as code)
+- Terraform (state management patterns)
+- Flux/ArgoCD (GitOps testing patterns)

CI_and_testing_roadmap.md

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+# Pragmatic CI and Testing Roadmap for Harmony
+
+**Status**: Active implementation (March 2026)  
+**Core Principle**: Self-contained test runner — no dependency on centralized CI servers
+
+All tests are executable via one command:
+
+```bash
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests
+```
+
+The `harmony_e2e_tests` package:
+- Provisions its own infrastructure when needed (k3d, KVM VMs)
+- Runs all test tiers in sequence or selectively
+- Reports results in text, JSON or JUnit XML
+- Works identically on developer laptops, any Linux server, GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, Jenkins, cron jobs, etc.
+- Is the single source of truth for what "passing CI" means
+
+## Why This Approach
+
+1. **Portability** — same command & behavior everywhere
+2. **Harmony tests Harmony** — the framework validates itself
+3. **No vendor lock-in** — GitHub Actions / GitLab CI are just triggers
+4. **Perfect reproducibility** — developers reproduce any CI failure locally in seconds
+5. **Offline capable** — after initial setup, most tiers run without internet
+
+## Architecture: `harmony_e2e_tests` Package
+
+```
+harmony_e2e_tests/
+├── Cargo.toml
+├── src/
+│   ├── main.rs              # CLI entry point
+│   ├── lib.rs               # Test runner core logic
+│   ├── tiers/
+│   │   ├── mod.rs
+│   │   ├── compile_fail.rs  # trybuild-based compile-time checks
+│   │   ├── unit.rs          # cargo test --lib --workspace
+│   │   ├── k3d.rs           # k3d cluster + parallel example runs
+│   │   ├── okd.rs           # connect to existing OKD cluster
+│   │   └── kvm.rs           # full E2E via Harmony's own KVM module
+│   ├── mocks/
+│   │   ├── mod.rs
+│   │   ├── discord.rs       # mock Discord webhook receiver
+│   │   └── opnsense.rs      # mock OPNSense firewall API
+│   └── infrastructure/
+│       ├── mod.rs
+│       ├── k3d.rs           # k3d cluster lifecycle
+│       └── kvm.rs           # helper wrappers around KVM score
+└── tests/
+    ├── ui/                  # trybuild compile-fail cases (*.rs + *.stderr)
+    └── fixtures/            # static test data / golden files
+```
+
+## CLI Interface ( clap-based )
+
+```bash
+# Run everything (default)
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests
+
+# Specific tier
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --tier k3d
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --tier compile
+
+# Filter to one example
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --tier k3d --example monitoring
+
+# Parallelism control (k3d tier)
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --parallel 8
+
+# Reporting
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --report junit.xml
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --format json
+
+# Debug helpers
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --verbose --dry-run
+```
+
+## Test Tiers – Ordered by Speed & Cost
+
+| Tier             | Duration target | Runner type          | What it tests                                      | Isolation strategy          |
+|------------------|------------------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
+| Compile-fail     | < 20 s          | Any (GitHub free)    | Invalid configs don't compile                      | Per-file trybuild           |
+| Unit             | < 60 s          | Any                  | Pure Rust logic                                    | cargo test                  |
+| k3d              | 8–15 min        | GitHub / self-hosted | 22+ k3d-compatible examples                        | Fresh k3d cluster + ns-per-example |
+| OKD              | 10–30 min       | Self-hosted / CRC    | OKD-specific features (Routes, Monitoring CRDs…)   | Existing cluster via KUBECONFIG |
+| KVM Full E2E     | 60–180 min      | Self-hosted bare-metal | Full HA OKD install + bare-metal scenarios         | Harmony KVM score provisions VMs |
+
+### Tier Details & Implementation Notes
+
+1. **Compile-fail**  
+   Uses **`trybuild`** crate (standard in Rust ecosystem).  
+   Place intentional compile errors in `tests/ui/*.rs` with matching `*.stderr` expectation files.  
+   One test function replaces the old custom loop:
+
+   ```rust
+   #[test]
+   fn ui() {
+       let t = trybuild::TestCases::new();
+       t.compile_fail("tests/ui/*.rs");
+   }
+   ```
+
+2. **Unit**  
+   Simple wrapper: `cargo test --lib --workspace -- --nocapture`  
+   Consider `cargo-nextest` later for 2–3× speedup if test count grows.
+
+3. **k3d**  
+   - Provisions isolated cluster once at start (`k3d cluster create --agents 3 --no-lb --disable traefik`)
+   - Discovers examples via `[package.metadata.harmony.test-tier = "k3d"]` in `Cargo.toml`
+   - Runs in parallel with tokio semaphore (default 5–8 slots)
+   - Each example gets its own namespace
+   - Uses `defer` / `scopeguard` for guaranteed cleanup
+   - Mocks Discord webhook and OPNSense API
+
+4. **OKD**  
+   Connects to pre-provisioned cluster via `KUBECONFIG`.  
+   Validates it is actually OpenShift/OKD before proceeding.
+
+5. **KVM**  
+   Uses **Harmony’s own KVM module** to provision test VMs (control-plane + workers + OPNSense).  
+   → True “dogfooding” — if the E2E fails, the KVM score itself is likely broken.
+
+## CI Integration Patterns
+
+### Fast PR validation (GitHub Actions)
+
+```yaml
+name: Fast Tests
+on: [push, pull_request]
+jobs:
+  fast:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+      - name: Install Docker & k3d
+        uses: nolar/setup-k3d-k3s@v1
+      - run: cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --tier compile,unit,k3d --report junit.xml
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with: { name: test-results, path: junit.xml }
+```
+
+### Nightly / Merge heavy tests (self-hosted runner)
+
+```yaml
+name: Full E2E
+on:
+  schedule: [{ cron: "0 3 * * *" }]
+  push: { branches: [main] }
+jobs:
+  full:
+    runs-on: [self-hosted, linux, x64, kvm-capable]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - run: cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --tier okd,kvm --verbose --report junit.xml
+```
+
+## Prerequisites Auto-Check & Install
+
+```rust
+// in harmony_e2e_tests/src/infrastructure/prerequisites.rs
+async fn ensure_k3d() -> Result<()> { … }          // curl | bash if missing
+async fn ensure_docker() -> Result<()> { … }
+fn check_kvm_support() -> Result<()> { … }        // /dev/kvm + libvirt
+```
+
+## Success Criteria
+
+### Step 1
+- [ ] `harmony_e2e_tests` package created & basic CLI working
+- [ ] trybuild compile-fail suite passing
+- [ ] First 8–10 k3d examples running reliably in CI
+- [ ] Mock server for Discord webhook completed
+
+### Step 2
+- [ ] All 22 k3d-compatible examples green
+- [ ] OKD tier running on dedicated self-hosted runner
+- [ ] JUnit reporting + GitHub check integration
+- [ ] Namespace isolation + automatic retry on transient k8s errors
+
+### Step 3
+- [ ] KVM full E2E green on bare-metal runner (nightly)
+- [ ] Multi-cluster examples (nats, multisite-postgres) automated
+- [ ] Total fast CI time < 12 minutes on GitHub runners
+- [ ] Documentation: “How to add a new tested example”
+
+## Quick Start for New Contributors
+
+```bash
+# One-time setup
+rustup update stable
+cargo install trybuild cargo-nextest   # optional but recommended
+
+# Run locally (most common)
+cargo run -p harmony_e2e_tests -- --tier k3d --verbose
+
+# Just compile checks + unit
+cargo test -p harmony_e2e_tests
+```
+

Cargo.toml

@@ -19,7 +19,10 @@ members = [
   "adr/agent_discovery/mdns",
   "brocade",
   "harmony_agent",
-  "harmony_agent/deploy", "harmony_node_readiness",
+  "harmony_agent/deploy",
+  "harmony_node_readiness",
+  "harmony-k8s",
+  "harmony_e2e_tests",
 ]
 
 [workspace.package]
@@ -38,6 +41,8 @@ tokio = { version = "1.40", features = [
   "macros",
   "rt-multi-thread",
 ] }
+tokio-retry = "0.3.0"
+tokio-util = "0.7.15"
 cidr = { features = ["serde"], version = "0.2" }
 russh = "0.45"
 russh-keys = "0.45"

adr/020-monitoring-alerting-architecture.md

@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+# Architecture Decision Record: Monitoring and Alerting Architecture
+
+Initial Author: Willem Rolleman, Jean-Gabriel Carrier
+
+Initial Date: March 9, 2026
+
+Last Updated Date: March 9, 2026
+
+## Status
+
+Accepted
+
+Supersedes: [ADR-010](010-monitoring-and-alerting.md)
+
+## Context
+
+Harmony needs a unified approach to monitoring and alerting across different infrastructure targets:
+
+1. **Cluster-level monitoring**: Administrators managing entire Kubernetes/OKD clusters need to define cluster-wide alerts, receivers, and scrape targets.
+
+2. **Tenant-level monitoring**: Multi-tenant clusters where teams are confined to namespaces need monitoring scoped to their resources.
+
+3. **Application-level monitoring**: Developers deploying applications want zero-config monitoring that "just works" for their services.
+
+The monitoring landscape is fragmented:
+- **OKD/OpenShift**: Built-in Prometheus with AlertmanagerConfig CRDs
+- **KubePrometheus**: Helm-based stack with PrometheusRule CRDs
+- **RHOB (Red Hat Observability)**: Operator-based with MonitoringStack CRDs
+- **Standalone Prometheus**: Raw Prometheus deployments
+
+Each system has different CRDs, different installation methods, and different configuration APIs.
+
+## Decision
+
+We implement a **trait-based architecture with compile-time capability verification** that provides:
+
+1. **Type-safe abstractions** via parameterized traits: `AlertReceiver<S>`, `AlertRule<S>`, `ScrapeTarget<S>`
+2. **Compile-time topology compatibility** via the `Observability<S>` capability bound
+3. **Three levels of abstraction**: Cluster, Tenant, and Application monitoring
+4. **Pre-built alert rules** as functions that return typed structs
+
+### Core Traits
+
+```rust
+// domain/topology/monitoring.rs
+
+/// Marker trait for systems that send alerts (Prometheus, etc.)
+pub trait AlertSender: Send + Sync + std::fmt::Debug {
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+}
+
+/// Defines how a receiver (Discord, Slack, etc.) builds its configuration
+/// for a specific sender type
+pub trait AlertReceiver<S: AlertSender>: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError>;
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<S>>;
+}
+
+/// Defines how an alert rule builds its PrometheusRule configuration
+pub trait AlertRule<S: AlertSender>: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
+    fn build_rule(&self) -> Result<serde_json::Value, InterpretError>;
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertRule<S>>;
+}
+
+/// Capability that topologies implement to support monitoring
+pub trait Observability<S: AlertSender> {
+    async fn install_alert_sender(&self, sender: &S, inventory: &Inventory) 
+        -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError>;
+    async fn install_receivers(&self, sender: &S, inventory: &Inventory, 
+        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<S>>>>) -> Result<...>;
+    async fn install_rules(&self, sender: &S, inventory: &Inventory,
+        rules: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<S>>>>) -> Result<...>;
+    async fn add_scrape_targets(&self, sender: &S, inventory: &Inventory,
+        scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<S>>>>) -> Result<...>;
+    async fn ensure_monitoring_installed(&self, sender: &S, inventory: &Inventory) 
+        -> Result<...>;
+}
+```
+
+### Alert Sender Types
+
+Each monitoring stack is a distinct `AlertSender`:
+
+| Sender | Module | Use Case |
+|--------|--------|----------|
+| `OpenshiftClusterAlertSender` | `monitoring/okd/` | OKD/OpenShift built-in monitoring |
+| `KubePrometheus` | `monitoring/kube_prometheus/` | Helm-deployed kube-prometheus-stack |
+| `Prometheus` | `monitoring/prometheus/` | Standalone Prometheus via Helm |
+| `RedHatClusterObservability` | `monitoring/red_hat_cluster_observability/` | RHOB operator |
+| `Grafana` | `monitoring/grafana/` | Grafana-managed alerting |
+
+### Three Levels of Monitoring
+
+#### 1. Cluster-Level Monitoring
+
+For cluster administrators. Full control over monitoring infrastructure.
+
+```rust
+// examples/okd_cluster_alerts/src/main.rs
+OpenshiftClusterAlertScore {
+    sender: OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
+    receivers: vec![Box::new(DiscordReceiver { ... })],
+    rules: vec![Box::new(alert_rules)],
+    scrape_targets: Some(vec![Box::new(external_exporters)]),
+}
+```
+
+**Characteristics:**
+- Cluster-scoped CRDs and resources
+- Can add external scrape targets (outside cluster)
+- Manages Alertmanager configuration
+- Requires cluster-admin privileges
+
+#### 2. Tenant-Level Monitoring
+
+For teams confined to namespaces. The topology determines tenant context.
+
+```rust
+// The topology's Observability impl handles namespace scoping
+impl Observability<KubePrometheus> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
+    async fn install_rules(&self, sender: &KubePrometheus, ...) {
+        // Topology knows if it's tenant-scoped
+        let namespace = self.get_tenant_config().await
+            .map(|t| t.name)
+            .unwrap_or("default");
+        // Install rules in tenant namespace
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**Characteristics:**
+- Namespace-scoped resources
+- Cannot modify cluster-level monitoring config
+- May have restricted receiver types
+- Runtime validation of permissions (cannot be fully compile-time)
+
+#### 3. Application-Level Monitoring
+
+For developers. Zero-config, opinionated monitoring.
+
+```rust
+// modules/application/features/monitoring.rs
+pub struct Monitoring {
+    pub application: Arc<dyn Application>,
+    pub alert_receiver: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Prometheus>>>,
+}
+
+impl<T: Topology + Observability<Prometheus> + TenantManager + ...> 
+    ApplicationFeature<T> for Monitoring 
+{
+    async fn ensure_installed(&self, topology: &T) -> Result<...> {
+        // Auto-creates ServiceMonitor
+        // Auto-installs Ntfy for notifications
+        // Handles tenant namespace automatically
+        // Wires up sensible defaults
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**Characteristics:**
+- Automatic ServiceMonitor creation
+- Opinionated notification channel (Ntfy)
+- Tenant-aware via topology
+- Minimal configuration required
+
+## Rationale
+
+### Why Generic Traits Instead of Unified Types?
+
+Each monitoring stack (OKD, KubePrometheus, RHOB) has fundamentally different CRDs:
+
+```rust
+// OKD uses AlertmanagerConfig with different structure
+AlertmanagerConfig { spec: { receivers: [...] } }
+
+// RHOB uses secret references for webhook URLs
+MonitoringStack { spec: { alertmanagerConfig: { discordConfigs: [{ apiURL: { key: "..." } }] } } }
+
+// KubePrometheus uses Alertmanager CRD with different field names
+Alertmanager { spec: { config: { receivers: [...] } } }
+```
+
+A unified type would either:
+1. Be a lowest-common-denominator (loses stack-specific features)
+2. Be a complex union type (hard to use, easy to misconfigure)
+
+Generic traits let each stack express its configuration naturally while providing a consistent interface.
+
+### Why Compile-Time Capability Bounds?
+
+```rust
+impl<T: Topology + Observability<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>> Score<T> 
+    for OpenshiftClusterAlertScore { ... }
+```
+
+This fails at compile time if you try to use `OpenshiftClusterAlertScore` with a topology that doesn't support OKD monitoring. This prevents the "config-is-valid-but-platform-is-wrong" errors that Harmony was designed to eliminate.
+
+### Why Not a MonitoringStack Abstraction (V2 Approach)?
+
+The V2 approach proposed a unified `MonitoringStack` that hides sender selection:
+
+```rust
+// V2 approach - rejected
+MonitoringStack::new(MonitoringApiVersion::V2CRD)
+    .add_alert_channel(discord)
+```
+
+**Problems:**
+1. Hides which sender you're using, losing compile-time guarantees
+2. "Version selection" actually chooses between fundamentally different systems
+3. Would need to handle all stack-specific features through a generic interface
+
+The current approach is explicit: you choose `OpenshiftClusterAlertSender` and the compiler verifies compatibility.
+
+### Why Runtime Validation for Tenants?
+
+Tenant confinement is determined at runtime by the topology and K8s RBAC. We cannot know at compile time whether a user has cluster-admin or namespace-only access.
+
+Options considered:
+1. **Compile-time tenant markers** - Would require modeling entire RBAC hierarchy in types. Over-engineering.
+2. **Runtime validation** - Current approach. Fails with clear K8s permission errors if insufficient access.
+3. **No tenant support** - Would exclude a major use case.
+
+Runtime validation is the pragmatic choice. The failure mode is clear (K8s API error) and occurs early in execution.
+
+> Note : we will eventually have compile time validation for such things. Rust macros are powerful and we could discover the actual capabilities we're dealing with, similar to sqlx approach in query! macros.
+
+## Consequences
+
+### Pros
+
+1. **Type Safety**: Invalid configurations are caught at compile time
+2. **Extensibility**: Adding a new monitoring stack requires implementing traits, not modifying core code
+3. **Clear Separation**: Cluster/Tenant/Application levels have distinct entry points
+4. **Reusable Rules**: Pre-built alert rules as functions (`high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days()`)
+5. **CRD Accuracy**: Type definitions match actual Kubernetes CRDs exactly
+
+### Cons
+
+1. **Implementation Explosion**: `DiscordReceiver` implements `AlertReceiver<S>` for each sender type (3+ implementations)
+2. **Learning Curve**: Understanding the trait hierarchy takes time
+3. **clone_box Boilerplate**: Required for trait object cloning (3 lines per impl)
+
+### Mitigations
+
+- Implementation explosion is contained: each receiver type has O(senders) implementations, but receivers are rare compared to rules
+- Learning curve is documented with examples at each level
+- clone_box boilerplate is minimal and copy-paste
+
+## Alternatives Considered
+
+### Unified MonitoringStack Type
+
+See "Why Not a MonitoringStack Abstraction" above. Rejected for losing compile-time safety.
+
+### Helm-Only Approach
+
+Use `HelmScore` directly for each monitoring deployment. Rejected because:
+- No type safety for alert rules
+- Cannot compose with application features
+- No tenant awareness
+
+### Separate Modules Per Use Case
+
+Have `cluster_monitoring/`, `tenant_monitoring/`, `app_monitoring/` as separate modules. Rejected because:
+- Massive code duplication
+- No shared abstraction for receivers/rules
+- Adding a feature requires three implementations
+
+## Implementation Notes
+
+### Module Structure
+
+```
+modules/monitoring/
+├── mod.rs                     # Public exports
+├── alert_channel/             # Receivers (Discord, Webhook)
+├── alert_rule/                # Rules and pre-built alerts
+│   ├── prometheus_alert_rule.rs
+│   └── alerts/                # Library of pre-built rules
+│       ├── k8s/               # K8s-specific (pvc, pod, memory)
+│       └── infra/             # Infrastructure (opnsense, dell)
+├── okd/                       # OpenshiftClusterAlertSender
+├── kube_prometheus/           # KubePrometheus
+├── prometheus/                # Prometheus
+├── red_hat_cluster_observability/  # RHOB
+├── grafana/                   # Grafana
+├── application_monitoring/    # Application-level scores
+└── scrape_target/             # External scrape targets
+```
+
+### Adding a New Alert Sender
+
+1. Create sender type: `pub struct MySender; impl AlertSender for MySender { ... }`
+2. Implement `Observability<MySender>` for topologies that support it
+3. Create CRD types in `crd/` subdirectory
+4. Implement `AlertReceiver<MySender>` for existing receivers
+5. Implement `AlertRule<MySender>` for `AlertManagerRuleGroup`
+
+### Adding a New Alert Rule
+
+```rust
+pub fn my_custom_alert() -> PrometheusAlertRule {
+    PrometheusAlertRule::new("MyAlert", "up == 0")
+        .for_duration("5m")
+        .label("severity", "critical")
+        .annotation("summary", "Service is down")
+}
+```
+
+No trait implementation needed - `AlertManagerRuleGroup` already handles conversion.
+
+## Related ADRs
+
+- [ADR-013](013-monitoring-notifications.md): Notification channel selection (ntfy)
+- [ADR-011](011-multi-tenant-cluster.md): Multi-tenant cluster architecture

adr/020-monitoring-alerting-architecture/monitoring_v2/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+[package]
+name = "example-monitoring-v2"
+edition = "2024"
+version.workspace = true
+readme.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+harmony = { path = "../../harmony" }
+harmony_cli = { path = "../../harmony_cli" }
+harmony-k8s = { path = "../../harmony-k8s" }
+harmony_types = { path = "../../harmony_types" }
+kube = { workspace = true }
+schemars = "0.8"
+serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
+serde_yaml = { workspace = true }
+url = { workspace = true }
+log = { workspace = true }
+async-trait = { workspace = true }
+k8s-openapi = { workspace = true }

adr/020-monitoring-alerting-architecture/monitoring_v2/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+# Monitoring v2 - Improved Architecture
+
+This example demonstrates the improved monitoring architecture that addresses the "WTF/minute" issues in the original design.
+
+## Key Improvements
+
+### 1. **Single AlertChannel Trait with Generic Sender**
+
+The original design required 9-12 implementations for each alert channel (Discord, Webhook, etc.) - one for each sender type. The new design uses a single trait with generic sender parameterization:
+
+pub trait AlertChannel<Sender: AlertSender> {
+    async fn install_config(&self, sender: &Sender) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError>;
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn std::any::Any;
+}
+
+**Benefits:**
+- One Discord implementation works with all sender types
+- Type safety at compile time
+- No runtime dispatch overhead
+
+### 2. **MonitoringStack Abstraction**
+
+Instead of manually selecting CRDPrometheus vs KubePrometheus vs RHOBObservability, you now have a unified MonitoringStack that handles versioning:
+
+let monitoring_stack = MonitoringStack::new(MonitoringApiVersion::V2CRD)
+    .set_namespace("monitoring")
+    .add_alert_channel(discord_receiver)
+    .set_scrape_targets(vec![...]);
+
+**Benefits:**
+- Single source of truth for monitoring configuration
+- Easy to switch between monitoring versions
+- Automatic version-specific configuration
+
+### 3. **TenantMonitoringScore - True Composition**
+
+The original monitoring_with_tenant example just put tenant and monitoring as separate items in a vec. The new design truly composes them:
+
+let tenant_score = TenantMonitoringScore::new("test-tenant", monitoring_stack);
+
+This creates a single score that:
+- Has tenant context
+- Has monitoring configuration
+- Automatically installs monitoring scoped to tenant namespace
+
+**Benefits:**
+- No more "two separate things" confusion
+- Automatic tenant namespace scoping
+- Clear ownership: tenant owns its monitoring
+
+### 4. **Versioned Monitoring APIs**
+
+Clear versioning makes it obvious which monitoring stack you're using:
+
+pub enum MonitoringApiVersion {
+    V1Helm,    // Old Helm charts
+    V2CRD,     // Current CRDs
+    V3RHOB,    // RHOB (future)
+}
+
+**Benefits:**
+- No guessing which API version you're using
+- Easy to migrate between versions
+- Backward compatibility path
+
+## Comparison
+
+### Original Design (monitoring_with_tenant)
+- Manual selection of each component
+- Manual installation of both components
+- Need to remember to pass both to harmony_cli::run
+- Monitoring not scoped to tenant automatically
+
+### New Design (monitoring_v2)
+- Single composed score
+- One score does it all
+
+## Usage
+
+cd examples/monitoring_v2
+cargo run
+
+## Migration Path
+
+To migrate from the old design to the new:
+
+1. Replace individual alert channel implementations with AlertChannel<Sender>
+2. Use MonitoringStack instead of manual *Prometheus selection
+3. Use TenantMonitoringScore instead of separate TenantScore + monitoring scores
+4. Select monitoring version via MonitoringApiVersion

adr/020-monitoring-alerting-architecture/monitoring_v2/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+
+
+use log::debug;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use serde_yaml::{Mapping, Value};
+
+use harmony::data::Version;
+use harmony::interpret::{Interpret, InterpretError, InterpretName, InterpretStatus, Outcome};
+use harmony::inventory::Inventory;
+use harmony::score::Score;
+use harmony::topology::{Topology, tenant::TenantManager};
+
+use harmony_k8s::K8sClient;
+use harmony_types::k8s_name::K8sName;
+use harmony_types::net::Url;
+
+pub trait AlertSender: Send + Sync + std::fmt::Debug {
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+    fn namespace(&self) -> String;
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct CRDPrometheus {
+    pub namespace: String,
+    pub client: Arc<K8sClient>,
+}
+
+impl AlertSender for CRDPrometheus {
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        "CRDPrometheus".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn namespace(&self) -> String {
+        self.namespace.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct RHOBObservability {
+    pub namespace: String,
+    pub client: Arc<K8sClient>,
+}
+
+impl AlertSender for RHOBObservability {
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        "RHOBObservability".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn namespace(&self) -> String {
+        self.namespace.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct KubePrometheus {
+    pub config: Arc<Mutex<KubePrometheusConfig>>,
+}
+
+impl Default for KubePrometheus {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+impl KubePrometheus {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            config: Arc::new(Mutex::new(KubePrometheusConfig::new())),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl AlertSender for KubePrometheus {
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        "KubePrometheus".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn namespace(&self) -> String {
+        self.config.lock().unwrap().namespace.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| "monitoring".to_string())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct KubePrometheusConfig {
+    pub namespace: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip)]
+    pub alert_receiver_configs: Vec<AlertManagerChannelConfig>,
+}
+
+impl KubePrometheusConfig {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            namespace: None,
+            alert_receiver_configs: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct AlertManagerChannelConfig {
+    pub channel_receiver: serde_yaml::Value,
+    pub channel_route: serde_yaml::Value,
+}
+
+impl Default for AlertManagerChannelConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            channel_receiver: serde_yaml::Value::Mapping(Default::default()),
+            channel_route: serde_yaml::Value::Mapping(Default::default()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ScrapeTargetConfig {
+    pub service_name: String,
+    pub port: String,
+    pub path: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum MonitoringApiVersion {
+    V1Helm,
+    V2CRD,
+    V3RHOB,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct MonitoringStack {
+    pub version: MonitoringApiVersion,
+    pub namespace: String,
+    pub alert_channels: Vec<Arc<dyn AlertSender>>,
+    pub scrape_targets: Vec<ScrapeTargetConfig>,
+}
+
+impl MonitoringStack {
+    pub fn new(version: MonitoringApiVersion) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            version,
+            namespace: "monitoring".to_string(),
+            alert_channels: Vec::new(),
+            scrape_targets: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_namespace(mut self, namespace: &str) -> Self {
+        self.namespace = namespace.to_string();
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn add_alert_channel(mut self, channel: impl AlertSender + 'static) -> Self {
+        self.alert_channels.push(Arc::new(channel));
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_scrape_targets(mut self, targets: Vec<(&str, &str, String)>) -> Self {
+        self.scrape_targets = targets
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(name, port, path)| ScrapeTargetConfig {
+                service_name: name.to_string(),
+                port: port.to_string(),
+                path,
+            })
+            .collect();
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait AlertChannel<Sender: AlertSender> {
+    fn install_config(&self, sender: &Sender);
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct DiscordWebhook {
+    pub name: K8sName,
+    pub url: Url,
+    pub selectors: Vec<HashMap<String, String>>,
+}
+
+impl DiscordWebhook {
+    fn get_config(&self) -> AlertManagerChannelConfig {
+        let mut route = Mapping::new();
+        route.insert(
+            Value::String("receiver".to_string()),
+            Value::String(self.name.to_string()),
+        );
+        route.insert(
+            Value::String("matchers".to_string()),
+            Value::Sequence(vec![Value::String("alertname!=Watchdog".to_string())]),
+        );
+
+        let mut receiver = Mapping::new();
+        receiver.insert(
+            Value::String("name".to_string()),
+            Value::String(self.name.to_string()),
+        );
+
+        let mut discord_config = Mapping::new();
+        discord_config.insert(
+            Value::String("webhook_url".to_string()),
+            Value::String(self.url.to_string()),
+        );
+
+        receiver.insert(
+            Value::String("discord_configs".to_string()),
+            Value::Sequence(vec![Value::Mapping(discord_config)]),
+        );
+
+        AlertManagerChannelConfig {
+            channel_receiver: Value::Mapping(receiver),
+            channel_route: Value::Mapping(route),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl AlertChannel<CRDPrometheus> for DiscordWebhook {
+    fn install_config(&self, sender: &CRDPrometheus) {
+        debug!("Installing Discord webhook for CRDPrometheus in namespace: {}", sender.namespace());
+        debug!("Config: {:?}", self.get_config());
+        debug!("Installed!");
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        "discord-webhook".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+impl AlertChannel<RHOBObservability> for DiscordWebhook {
+    fn install_config(&self, sender: &RHOBObservability) {
+        debug!("Installing Discord webhook for RHOBObservability in namespace: {}", sender.namespace());
+        debug!("Config: {:?}", self.get_config());
+        debug!("Installed!");
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        "webhook-receiver".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+impl AlertChannel<KubePrometheus> for DiscordWebhook {
+    fn install_config(&self, sender: &KubePrometheus) {
+        debug!("Installing Discord webhook for KubePrometheus in namespace: {}", sender.namespace());
+        let config = sender.config.lock().unwrap();
+        let ns = config.namespace.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| "monitoring".to_string());
+        debug!("Namespace: {}", ns);
+        let mut config = sender.config.lock().unwrap();
+        config.alert_receiver_configs.push(self.get_config());
+        debug!("Installed!");
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        "discord-webhook".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+fn default_monitoring_stack() -> MonitoringStack {
+    MonitoringStack::new(MonitoringApiVersion::V2CRD)
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct TenantMonitoringScore {
+    pub tenant_id: harmony_types::id::Id,
+    pub tenant_name: String,
+    #[serde(skip)]
+    #[serde(default = "default_monitoring_stack")]
+    pub monitoring_stack: MonitoringStack,
+}
+
+impl TenantMonitoringScore {
+    pub fn new(tenant_name: &str, monitoring_stack: MonitoringStack) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            tenant_id: harmony_types::id::Id::default(),
+            tenant_name: tenant_name.to_string(),
+            monitoring_stack,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Topology + TenantManager> Score<T> for TenantMonitoringScore {
+    fn create_interpret(&self) -> Box<dyn Interpret<T>> {
+        Box::new(TenantMonitoringInterpret {
+            score: self.clone(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        format!("{} monitoring [TenantMonitoringScore]", self.tenant_name)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct TenantMonitoringInterpret {
+    pub score: TenantMonitoringScore,
+}
+
+#[async_trait::async_trait]
+impl<T: Topology + TenantManager> Interpret<T> for TenantMonitoringInterpret {
+    async fn execute(
+        &self,
+        _inventory: &Inventory,
+        topology: &T,
+    ) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
+        let tenant_config = topology.get_tenant_config().await.unwrap();
+        let tenant_ns = tenant_config.name.clone();
+
+        match self.score.monitoring_stack.version {
+            MonitoringApiVersion::V1Helm => {
+                debug!("Installing Helm monitoring for tenant {}", tenant_ns);
+            }
+            MonitoringApiVersion::V2CRD => {
+                debug!("Installing CRD monitoring for tenant {}", tenant_ns);
+            }
+            MonitoringApiVersion::V3RHOB => {
+                debug!("Installing RHOB monitoring for tenant {}", tenant_ns);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(Outcome::success(format!(
+            "Installed monitoring stack for tenant {} with version {:?}",
+            self.score.tenant_name,
+            self.score.monitoring_stack.version
+        )))
+    }
+
+    fn get_name(&self) -> InterpretName {
+        InterpretName::Custom("TenantMonitoringInterpret")
+    }
+
+    fn get_version(&self) -> Version {
+        Version::from("1.0.0").unwrap()
+    }
+
+    fn get_status(&self) -> InterpretStatus {
+        InterpretStatus::SUCCESS
+    }
+
+    fn get_children(&self) -> Vec<harmony_types::id::Id> {
+        Vec::new()
+    }
+}

brocade/src/fast_iron.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 use super::BrocadeClient;
 use crate::{
     BrocadeInfo, Error, ExecutionMode, InterSwitchLink, InterfaceInfo, MacAddressEntry,
-    PortChannelId, PortOperatingMode, SecurityLevel, parse_brocade_mac_address,
-    shell::BrocadeShell,
+    PortChannelId, PortOperatingMode, parse_brocade_mac_address, shell::BrocadeShell,
 };
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;

brocade/src/network_operating_system.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use regex::Regex;
 use crate::{
     BrocadeClient, BrocadeInfo, Error, ExecutionMode, InterSwitchLink, InterfaceInfo,
     InterfaceStatus, InterfaceType, MacAddressEntry, PortChannelId, PortOperatingMode,
-    SecurityLevel, parse_brocade_mac_address, shell::BrocadeShell,
+    parse_brocade_mac_address, shell::BrocadeShell,
 };
 
 #[derive(Debug)]

docs/README.md

@@ -31,3 +31,16 @@ Ready to build your own components? These guides show you how.
 - [**Writing a Score**](./guides/writing-a-score.md): Learn how to create your own `Score` and `Interpret` logic to define a new desired state.
 - [**Writing a Topology**](./guides/writing-a-topology.md): Learn how to model a new environment (like AWS, GCP, or custom hardware) as a `Topology`.
 - [**Adding Capabilities**](./guides/adding-capabilities.md): See how to add a `Capability` to your custom `Topology`.
+- [**Coding Guide**](./coding-guide.md): Conventions and best practices for writing Harmony code.
+
+## 5. Module Documentation
+
+Deep dives into specific Harmony modules and features.
+
+- [**Monitoring and Alerting**](./monitoring.md): Comprehensive guide to cluster, tenant, and application-level monitoring with support for OKD, KubePrometheus, RHOB, and more.
+
+## 6. Architecture Decision Records
+
+Important architectural decisions are documented in the `adr/` directory:
+
+- [Full ADR Index](../adr/)

docs/coding-guide.md

@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+# Harmony Coding Guide
+
+Harmony is an infrastructure automation framework. It is **code-first and code-only**: operators write Rust programs to declare and drive infrastructure, rather than YAML files or DSL configs. Good code here means a good operator experience.
+
+### Concrete context
+
+We use here the context of the KVM module to explain the coding style. This will make it very easy to understand and should translate quite well to other modules/contexts managed by Harmony like OPNSense and Kubernetes.
+
+## Core Philosophy
+
+### The Careful Craftsman Principle
+
+Harmony is a powerful framework that does a lot. With that power comes responsibility. Every abstraction, every trait, every module must earn its place. Before adding anything, ask:
+
+1. **Does this solve a real problem users have?** Not a theoretical problem, an actual one encountered in production.
+2. **Is this the simplest solution that works?** Complexity is a cost that compounds over time.
+3. **Will this make the next developer's life easier or harder?** Code is read far more often than written.
+
+When in doubt, don't abstract. Wait for the pattern to emerge from real usage. A little duplication is better than the wrong abstraction.
+
+### High-level functions over raw primitives
+
+Callers should not need to know about underlying protocols, XML schemas, or API quirks. A function that deploys a VM should accept meaningful parameters like CPU count, memory, and network name — not XML strings.
+
+```rust
+// Bad: caller constructs XML and passes it to a thin wrapper
+let xml = format!(r#"<domain type='kvm'>...</domain>"#, name, memory_kb, ...);
+executor.create_vm(&xml).await?;
+
+// Good: caller describes intent, the module handles representation
+executor.define_vm(&VmConfig::builder("my-vm")
+    .cpu(4)
+    .memory_gb(8)
+    .disk(DiskConfig::new(50))
+    .network(NetworkRef::named("mylan"))
+    .boot_order([BootDevice::Network, BootDevice::Disk])
+    .build())
+    .await?;
+```
+
+The module owns the XML, the virsh invocations, the API calls — not the caller.
+
+### Use the right abstraction layer
+
+Prefer native library bindings over shelling out to CLI tools. The `virt` crate provides direct libvirt bindings and should be used instead of spawning `virsh` subprocesses.
+
+- CLI subprocess calls are fragile: stdout/stderr parsing, exit codes, quoting, PATH differences
+- Native bindings give typed errors, no temp files, no shell escaping
+- `virt::connect::Connect` opens a connection; `virt::domain::Domain` manages VMs; `virt::network::Network` manages virtual networks
+
+### Keep functions small and well-named
+
+Each function should do one thing. If a function is doing two conceptually separate things, split it. Function names should read like plain English: `ensure_network_active`, `define_vm`, `vm_is_running`.
+
+### Prefer short modules over large files
+
+Group related types and functions by concept. A module that handles one resource (e.g., network, domain, storage) is better than a single file for everything.
+
+---
+
+## Error Handling
+
+### Use `thiserror` for all error types
+
+Define error types with `thiserror::Error`. This removes the boilerplate of implementing `Display` and `std::error::Error` by hand, keeps error messages close to their variants, and makes types easy to extend.
+
+```rust
+// Bad: hand-rolled Display + std::error::Error
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum KVMError {
+    ConnectionError(String),
+    VMNotFound(String),
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for KVMError { ... }
+impl std::error::Error for KVMError {}
+
+// Good: derive Display via thiserror
+#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
+pub enum KVMError {
+    #[error("connection failed: {0}")]
+    ConnectionFailed(String),
+    #[error("VM not found: {name}")]
+    VmNotFound { name: String },
+}
+```
+
+### Make bubbling errors easy with `?` and `From`
+
+`?` works on any error type for which there is a `From` impl. Add `From` conversions from lower-level errors into your module's error type so callers can use `?` without boilerplate.
+
+With `thiserror`, wrapping a foreign error is one line:
+
+```rust
+#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
+pub enum KVMError {
+    #[error("libvirt error: {0}")]
+    Libvirt(#[from] virt::error::Error),
+
+    #[error("IO error: {0}")]
+    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+}
+```
+
+This means a call that returns `virt::error::Error` can be `?`-propagated into a `Result<_, KVMError>` without any `.map_err(...)`.
+
+### Typed errors over stringly-typed errors
+
+Avoid `Box<dyn Error>` or `String` as error return types in library code. Callers need to distinguish errors programmatically — `KVMError::VmAlreadyExists` is actionable, `"VM already exists: foo"` as a `String` is not.
+
+At binary entry points (e.g., `main`) it is acceptable to convert to `String` or `anyhow::Error` for display.
+
+---
+
+## Logging
+
+### Use the `log` crate macros
+
+All log output must go through the `log` crate. Never use `println!`, `eprintln!`, or `dbg!` in library code. This makes output compatible with any logging backend (env_logger, tracing, structured logging, etc.).
+
+```rust
+// Bad
+println!("Creating VM: {}", name);
+
+// Good
+use log::{info, debug, warn};
+info!("Creating VM: {name}");
+debug!("VM XML:\n{xml}");
+warn!("Network already active, skipping creation");
+```
+
+Use the right level:
+
+| Level   | When to use |
+|---------|-------------|
+| `error` | Unrecoverable failures (before returning Err) |
+| `warn`  | Recoverable issues, skipped steps |
+| `info`  | High-level progress events visible in normal operation |
+| `debug` | Detailed operational info useful for debugging |
+| `trace` | Very granular, per-iteration or per-call data |
+
+Log before significant operations and after unexpected conditions. Do not log inside tight loops at `info` level.
+
+---
+
+## Types and Builders
+
+### Derive `Serialize` on all public domain types
+
+All public structs and enums that represent configuration or state should derive `serde::Serialize`. Add `Deserialize` when round-trip serialization is needed.
+
+### Builder pattern for complex configs
+
+When a type has more than three fields or optional fields, provide a builder. The builder pattern allows named, incremental construction without positional arguments.
+
+```rust
+let config = VmConfig::builder("bootstrap")
+    .cpu(4)
+    .memory_gb(8)
+    .disk(DiskConfig::new(50).labeled("os"))
+    .disk(DiskConfig::new(100).labeled("data"))
+    .network(NetworkRef::named("harmonylan"))
+    .boot_order([BootDevice::Network, BootDevice::Disk])
+    .build();
+```
+
+### Avoid `pub` fields on config structs
+
+Expose data through methods or the builder, not raw field access. This preserves the ability to validate, rename, or change representation without breaking callers.
+
+---
+
+## Async
+
+### Use `tokio` for all async runtime needs
+
+All async code runs on tokio. Use `tokio::spawn`, `tokio::time`, etc. Use `#[async_trait]` for traits with async methods.
+
+### No blocking in async context
+
+Never call blocking I/O (file I/O, network, process spawn) directly in an async function. Use `tokio::fs`, `tokio::process`, or `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` as appropriate.
+
+---
+
+## Module Structure
+
+### Follow the `Score` / `Interpret` pattern
+
+Modules that represent deployable infrastructure should implement `Score<T: Topology>` and `Interpret<T>`:
+
+- `Score` is the serializable, clonable configuration declaring *what* to deploy
+- `Interpret` does the actual work when `execute()` is called
+
+```rust
+pub struct KvmScore {
+    network: NetworkConfig,
+    vms: Vec<VmConfig>,
+}
+
+impl<T: Topology + KvmHost> Score<T> for KvmScore {
+    fn create_interpret(&self) -> Box<dyn Interpret<T>> {
+        Box::new(KvmInterpret::new(self.clone()))
+    }
+    fn name(&self) -> String { "KvmScore".to_string() }
+}
+```
+
+### Flatten the public API in `mod.rs`
+
+Internal submodules are implementation detail. Re-export what callers need at the module root:
+
+```rust
+// modules/kvm/mod.rs
+mod connection;
+mod domain;
+mod network;
+mod error;
+mod xml;
+
+pub use connection::KvmConnection;
+pub use domain::{VmConfig, VmConfigBuilder, VmStatus, DiskConfig, BootDevice};
+pub use error::KvmError;
+pub use network::NetworkConfig;
+```
+
+---
+
+## Commit Style
+
+Follow [Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/):
+
+```
+feat(kvm): add network isolation support
+fix(kvm): correct memory unit conversion for libvirt
+refactor(kvm): replace virsh subprocess calls with virt crate bindings
+docs: add coding guide
+```
+
+Keep pull requests small and single-purpose (under ~200 lines excluding generated code). Do not mix refactoring, bug fixes, and new features in one PR.
+
+---
+
+## When to Add Abstractions
+
+Harmony provides powerful abstraction mechanisms: traits, generics, the Score/Interpret pattern, and capabilities. Use them judiciously.
+
+### Add an abstraction when:
+
+- **You have three or more concrete implementations** doing the same thing. Two is often coincidence; three is a pattern.
+- **The abstraction provides compile-time safety** that prevents real bugs (e.g., capability bounds on topologies).
+- **The abstraction hides genuine complexity** that callers shouldn't need to understand (e.g., XML schema generation for libvirt).
+
+### Don't add an abstraction when:
+
+- **It's just to avoid a few lines of boilerplate**. Copy-paste is sometimes better than a trait hierarchy.
+- **You're anticipating future flexibility** that isn't needed today. YAGNI (You Aren't Gonna Need It).
+- **The abstraction makes the code harder to understand** for someone unfamiliar with the codebase.
+- **You're wrapping a single implementation**. A trait with one implementation is usually over-engineering.
+
+### Signs you've over-abstracted:
+
+- You need to explain the type system to a competent Rust developer for them to understand how to add a simple feature.
+- Adding a new concrete type requires changes in multiple trait definitions.
+- The word "factory" or "manager" appears in your type names.
+- You have more trait definitions than concrete implementations.
+
+### The Rule of Three for Traits
+
+Before creating a new trait, ensure you have:
+
+1. A clear, real use case (not hypothetical)
+2. At least one concrete implementation
+3. A plan for how callers will use it
+
+Only generalize when the pattern is proven. The monitoring module is a good example: we had multiple alert senders (OKD, KubePrometheus, RHOB) before we introduced the `AlertSender` and `AlertReceiver<S>` traits. The traits emerged from real needs, not design sessions.
+
+---
+
+## Documentation
+
+### Document the "why", not the "what"
+
+Code should be self-explanatory for the "what". Comments and documentation should explain intent, rationale, and gotchas.
+
+```rust
+// Bad: restates the code
+// Returns the number of VMs
+fn vm_count(&self) -> usize { self.vms.len() }
+
+// Good: explains the why
+// Returns 0 if connection is lost, rather than erroring,
+// because monitoring code uses this for health checks
+fn vm_count(&self) -> usize { self.vms.len() }
+```
+
+### Keep examples in the `examples/` directory
+
+Working code beats documentation. Every major feature should have a runnable example that demonstrates real usage.
+

docs/monitoring.md

@@ -0,0 +1,443 @@
+# Monitoring and Alerting in Harmony
+
+Harmony provides a unified, type-safe approach to monitoring and alerting across Kubernetes, OpenShift, and bare-metal infrastructure. This guide explains the architecture and how to use it at different levels of abstraction.
+
+## Overview
+
+Harmony's monitoring module supports three distinct use cases:
+
+| Level | Who Uses It | What It Provides |
+|-------|-------------|------------------|
+| **Cluster** | Cluster administrators | Full control over monitoring stack, cluster-wide alerts, external scrape targets |
+| **Tenant** | Platform teams | Namespace-scoped monitoring in multi-tenant environments |
+| **Application** | Application developers | Zero-config monitoring that "just works" |
+
+Each level builds on the same underlying abstractions, ensuring consistency while providing appropriate complexity for each audience.
+
+## Core Concepts
+
+### AlertSender
+
+An `AlertSender` represents the system that evaluates alert rules and sends notifications. Harmony supports multiple monitoring stacks:
+
+| Sender | Description | Use When |
+|--------|-------------|----------|
+| `OpenshiftClusterAlertSender` | OKD/OpenShift built-in monitoring | Running on OKD/OpenShift |
+| `KubePrometheus` | kube-prometheus-stack via Helm | Standard Kubernetes, need full stack |
+| `Prometheus` | Standalone Prometheus | Custom Prometheus deployment |
+| `RedHatClusterObservability` | RHOB operator | Red Hat managed clusters |
+| `Grafana` | Grafana-managed alerting | Grafana as primary alerting layer |
+
+### AlertReceiver
+
+An `AlertReceiver` defines where alerts are sent (Discord, Slack, email, webhook, etc.). Receivers are parameterized by sender type because each monitoring stack has different configuration formats.
+
+```rust
+pub trait AlertReceiver<S: AlertSender> {
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError>;
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+}
+```
+
+Built-in receivers:
+- `DiscordReceiver` - Discord webhooks
+- `WebhookReceiver` - Generic HTTP webhooks
+
+### AlertRule
+
+An `AlertRule` defines a Prometheus alert expression. Rules are also parameterized by sender to handle different CRD formats.
+
+```rust
+pub trait AlertRule<S: AlertSender> {
+    fn build_rule(&self) -> Result<serde_json::Value, InterpretError>;
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+}
+```
+
+### Observability Capability
+
+Topologies implement `Observability<S>` to indicate they support a specific alert sender:
+
+```rust
+impl Observability<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
+    async fn install_receivers(&self, sender, inventory, receivers) { ... }
+    async fn install_rules(&self, sender, inventory, rules) { ... }
+    // ...
+}
+```
+
+This provides **compile-time verification**: if you try to use `OpenshiftClusterAlertScore` with a topology that doesn't implement `Observability<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>`, the code won't compile.
+
+---
+
+## Level 1: Cluster Monitoring
+
+Cluster monitoring is for administrators who need full control over the monitoring infrastructure. This includes:
+- Installing/managing the monitoring stack
+- Configuring cluster-wide alert receivers
+- Defining cluster-level alert rules
+- Adding external scrape targets (e.g., bare-metal servers, firewalls)
+
+### Example: OKD Cluster Alerts
+
+```rust
+use harmony::{
+    modules::monitoring::{
+        alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordReceiver,
+        alert_rule::{alerts::k8s::pvc::high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days, prometheus_alert_rule::AlertManagerRuleGroup},
+        okd::openshift_cluster_alerting_score::OpenshiftClusterAlertScore,
+        scrape_target::prometheus_node_exporter::PrometheusNodeExporter,
+    },
+    topology::{K8sAnywhereTopology, monitoring::{AlertMatcher, AlertRoute, MatchOp}},
+};
+
+let severity_matcher = AlertMatcher {
+    label: "severity".to_string(),
+    operator: MatchOp::Eq,
+    value: "critical".to_string(),
+};
+
+let rule_group = AlertManagerRuleGroup::new(
+    "cluster-rules",
+    vec![high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days()],
+);
+
+let external_exporter = PrometheusNodeExporter {
+    job_name: "firewall".to_string(),
+    metrics_path: "/metrics".to_string(),
+    listen_address: ip!("192.168.1.1"),
+    port: 9100,
+    ..Default::default()
+};
+
+harmony_cli::run(
+    Inventory::autoload(),
+    K8sAnywhereTopology::from_env(),
+    vec![Box::new(OpenshiftClusterAlertScore {
+        sender: OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
+        receivers: vec![Box::new(DiscordReceiver {
+            name: "critical-alerts".to_string(),
+            url: hurl!("https://discord.com/api/webhooks/..."),
+            route: AlertRoute {
+                matchers: vec![severity_matcher],
+                ..AlertRoute::default("critical-alerts".to_string())
+            },
+        })],
+        rules: vec![Box::new(rule_group)],
+        scrape_targets: Some(vec![Box::new(external_exporter)]),
+    })],
+    None,
+).await?;
+```
+
+### What This Does
+
+1. **Enables cluster monitoring** - Activates OKD's built-in Prometheus
+2. **Enables user workload monitoring** - Allows namespace-scoped rules
+3. **Configures Alertmanager** - Adds Discord receiver with route matching
+4. **Deploys alert rules** - Creates `AlertingRule` CRD with PVC fill rate alert
+5. **Adds external scrape target** - Configures Prometheus to scrape the firewall
+
+### Compile-Time Safety
+
+The `OpenshiftClusterAlertScore` requires:
+
+```rust
+impl<T: Topology + Observability<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>> Score<T>
+    for OpenshiftClusterAlertScore
+```
+
+If `K8sAnywhereTopology` didn't implement `Observability<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>`, this code would fail to compile. You cannot accidentally deploy OKD alerts to a cluster that doesn't support them.
+
+---
+
+## Level 2: Tenant Monitoring
+
+In multi-tenant clusters, teams are often confined to specific namespaces. Tenant monitoring adapts to this constraint:
+
+- Resources are deployed in the tenant's namespace
+- Cannot modify cluster-level monitoring configuration
+- The topology determines namespace context at runtime
+
+### How It Works
+
+The topology's `Observability` implementation handles tenant scoping:
+
+```rust
+impl Observability<KubePrometheus> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
+    async fn install_rules(&self, sender, inventory, rules) {
+        // Topology knows if it's tenant-scoped
+        let namespace = self.get_tenant_config().await
+            .map(|t| t.name)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| "monitoring".to_string());
+        
+        // Rules are installed in the appropriate namespace
+        for rule in rules.unwrap_or_default() {
+            let score = KubePrometheusRuleScore {
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+                rule,
+                namespace: namespace.clone(), // Tenant namespace
+            };
+            score.create_interpret().execute(inventory, self).await?;
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### Tenant vs Cluster Resources
+
+| Resource | Cluster-Level | Tenant-Level |
+|----------|---------------|--------------|
+| Alertmanager config | Global receivers | Namespaced receivers (where supported) |
+| PrometheusRules | Cluster-wide alerts | Namespace alerts only |
+| ServiceMonitors | Any namespace | Own namespace only |
+| External scrape targets | Can add | Cannot add (cluster config) |
+
+### Runtime Validation
+
+Tenant constraints are validated at runtime via Kubernetes RBAC. If a tenant-scoped deployment attempts cluster-level operations, it fails with a clear permission error from the Kubernetes API.
+
+This cannot be fully compile-time because tenant context is determined by who's running the code and what permissions they have—information only available at runtime.
+
+---
+
+## Level 3: Application Monitoring
+
+Application monitoring provides zero-config, opinionated monitoring for developers. Just add the `Monitoring` feature to your application and it works.
+
+### Example
+
+```rust
+use harmony::modules::{
+    application::{Application, ApplicationFeature},
+    monitoring::alert_channel::webhook_receiver::WebhookReceiver,
+};
+
+// Define your application
+let my_app = MyApplication::new();
+
+// Add monitoring as a feature
+let monitoring = Monitoring {
+    application: Arc::new(my_app),
+    alert_receiver: vec![], // Uses defaults
+};
+
+// Install with the application
+my_app.add_feature(monitoring);
+```
+
+### What Application Monitoring Provides
+
+1. **Automatic ServiceMonitor** - Creates a ServiceMonitor for your application's pods
+2. **Ntfy Notification Channel** - Auto-installs and configures Ntfy for push notifications
+3. **Tenant Awareness** - Automatically scopes to the correct namespace
+4. **Sensible Defaults** - Pre-configured alert routes and receivers
+
+### Under the Hood
+
+```rust
+impl<T: Topology + Observability<Prometheus> + TenantManager> 
+    ApplicationFeature<T> for Monitoring 
+{
+    async fn ensure_installed(&self, topology: &T) -> Result<...> {
+        // 1. Get tenant namespace (or use app name)
+        let namespace = topology.get_tenant_config().await
+            .map(|ns| ns.name.clone())
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.application.name());
+
+        // 2. Create ServiceMonitor for the app
+        let app_service_monitor = ServiceMonitor {
+            metadata: ObjectMeta {
+                name: Some(self.application.name()),
+                namespace: Some(namespace.clone()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            spec: ServiceMonitorSpec::default(),
+        };
+
+        // 3. Install Ntfy for notifications
+        let ntfy = NtfyScore { namespace, host };
+        ntfy.interpret(&Inventory::empty(), topology).await?;
+
+        // 4. Wire up webhook receiver to Ntfy
+        let ntfy_receiver = WebhookReceiver { ... };
+        
+        // 5. Execute monitoring score
+        alerting_score.interpret(&Inventory::empty(), topology).await?;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Pre-Built Alert Rules
+
+Harmony provides a library of common alert rules in `modules/monitoring/alert_rule/alerts/`:
+
+### Kubernetes Alerts (`alerts/k8s/`)
+
+```rust
+use harmony::modules::monitoring::alert_rule::alerts::k8s::{
+    pod::pod_failed,
+    pvc::high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days,
+    memory_usage::alert_high_memory_usage,
+};
+
+let rules = AlertManagerRuleGroup::new("k8s-rules", vec![
+    pod_failed(),
+    high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days(),
+    alert_high_memory_usage(),
+]);
+```
+
+Available rules:
+- `pod_failed()` - Pod in failed state
+- `alert_container_restarting()` - Container restart loop
+- `alert_pod_not_ready()` - Pod not ready for extended period
+- `high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days()` - PVC will fill within 2 days
+- `alert_high_memory_usage()` - Memory usage above threshold
+- `alert_high_cpu_usage()` - CPU usage above threshold
+
+### Infrastructure Alerts (`alerts/infra/`)
+
+```rust
+use harmony::modules::monitoring::alert_rule::alerts::infra::opnsense::high_http_error_rate;
+
+let rules = AlertManagerRuleGroup::new("infra-rules", vec![
+    high_http_error_rate(),
+]);
+```
+
+### Creating Custom Rules
+
+```rust
+use harmony::modules::monitoring::alert_rule::prometheus_alert_rule::PrometheusAlertRule;
+
+pub fn my_custom_alert() -> PrometheusAlertRule {
+    PrometheusAlertRule::new("MyServiceDown", "up{job=\"my-service\"} == 0")
+        .for_duration("5m")
+        .label("severity", "critical")
+        .annotation("summary", "My service is down")
+        .annotation("description", "The my-service job has been down for more than 5 minutes")
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Alert Receivers
+
+### Discord Webhook
+
+```rust
+use harmony::modules::monitoring::alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordReceiver;
+use harmony::topology::monitoring::{AlertRoute, AlertMatcher, MatchOp};
+
+let discord = DiscordReceiver {
+    name: "ops-alerts".to_string(),
+    url: hurl!("https://discord.com/api/webhooks/123456/abcdef"),
+    route: AlertRoute {
+        receiver: "ops-alerts".to_string(),
+        matchers: vec![AlertMatcher {
+            label: "severity".to_string(),
+            operator: MatchOp::Eq,
+            value: "critical".to_string(),
+        }],
+        group_by: vec!["alertname".to_string()],
+        repeat_interval: Some("30m".to_string()),
+        continue_matching: false,
+        children: vec![],
+    },
+};
+```
+
+### Generic Webhook
+
+```rust
+use harmony::modules::monitoring::alert_channel::webhook_receiver::WebhookReceiver;
+
+let webhook = WebhookReceiver {
+    name: "custom-webhook".to_string(),
+    url: hurl!("https://api.example.com/alerts"),
+    route: AlertRoute::default("custom-webhook".to_string()),
+};
+```
+
+---
+
+## Adding a New Monitoring Stack
+
+To add support for a new monitoring stack:
+
+1. **Create the sender type** in `modules/monitoring/my_sender/mod.rs`:
+   ```rust
+   #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+   pub struct MySender;
+   
+   impl AlertSender for MySender {
+       fn name(&self) -> String { "MySender".to_string() }
+   }
+   ```
+
+2. **Define CRD types** in `modules/monitoring/my_sender/crd/`:
+   ```rust
+   #[derive(CustomResource, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
+   #[kube(group = "monitoring.example.com", version = "v1", kind = "MyAlertRule")]
+   pub struct MyAlertRuleSpec { ... }
+   ```
+
+3. **Implement Observability** in `domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/observability/my_sender.rs`:
+   ```rust
+   impl Observability<MySender> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
+       async fn install_receivers(&self, sender, inventory, receivers) { ... }
+       async fn install_rules(&self, sender, inventory, rules) { ... }
+       // ...
+   }
+   ```
+
+4. **Implement receiver conversions** for existing receivers:
+   ```rust
+   impl AlertReceiver<MySender> for DiscordReceiver {
+       fn build(&self) -> Result<ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError> {
+           // Convert DiscordReceiver to MySender's format
+       }
+   }
+   ```
+
+5. **Create score types**:
+   ```rust
+   pub struct MySenderAlertScore {
+       pub sender: MySender,
+       pub receivers: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<MySender>>>,
+       pub rules: Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<MySender>>>,
+   }
+   ```
+
+---
+
+## Architecture Principles
+
+### Type Safety Over Flexibility
+
+Each monitoring stack has distinct CRDs and configuration formats. Rather than a unified "MonitoringStack" type that loses stack-specific features, we use generic traits that provide type safety while allowing each stack to express its unique configuration.
+
+### Compile-Time Capability Verification
+
+The `Observability<S>` bound ensures you can't deploy OKD alerts to a KubePrometheus cluster. The compiler catches platform mismatches before deployment.
+
+### Explicit Over Implicit
+
+Monitoring stacks are chosen explicitly (`OpenshiftClusterAlertSender` vs `KubePrometheus`). There's no "auto-detection" that could lead to surprising behavior.
+
+### Three Levels, One Foundation
+
+Cluster, tenant, and application monitoring all use the same traits (`AlertSender`, `AlertReceiver`, `AlertRule`). The difference is in how scores are constructed and how topologies interpret them.
+
+---
+
+## Related Documentation
+
+- [ADR-020: Monitoring and Alerting Architecture](../adr/020-monitoring-alerting-architecture.md)
+- [ADR-013: Monitoring Notifications (ntfy)](../adr/013-monitoring-notifications.md)
+- [ADR-011: Multi-Tenant Cluster Architecture](../adr/011-multi-tenant-cluster.md)
+- [Coding Guide](coding-guide.md)
+- [Core Concepts](concepts.md)

examples/application_monitoring_with_tenant/src/main.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use harmony::{
         monitoring::alert_channel::webhook_receiver::WebhookReceiver,
         tenant::TenantScore,
     },
-    topology::{K8sAnywhereTopology, tenant::TenantConfig},
+    topology::{K8sAnywhereTopology, monitoring::AlertRoute, tenant::TenantConfig},
 };
 use harmony_types::id::Id;
 use harmony_types::net::Url;
@@ -33,9 +33,14 @@ async fn main() {
         service_port: 3000,
     });
 
+    let receiver_name = "sample-webhook-receiver".to_string();
+
     let webhook_receiver = WebhookReceiver {
-        name: "sample-webhook-receiver".to_string(),
+        name: receiver_name.clone(),
         url: Url::Url(url::Url::parse("https://webhook-doesnt-exist.com").unwrap()),
+        route: AlertRoute {
+            ..AlertRoute::default(receiver_name)
+        },
     };
 
     let app = ApplicationScore {

examples/cert_manager/src/main.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use harmony::{
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::cert_manager::{
-        capability::CertificateManagementConfig, score_cert_management::CertificateManagementScore,
-        score_certificate::CertificateScore, score_issuer::CertificateIssuerScore,
+        capability::CertificateManagementConfig, score_certificate::CertificateScore,
+        score_issuer::CertificateIssuerScore,
     },
     topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
 };

examples/k8s_drain_node/Cargo.toml

@@ -10,9 +10,10 @@ publish = false
 harmony = { path = "../../harmony" }
 harmony_cli = { path = "../../harmony_cli" }
 harmony_types = { path = "../../harmony_types" }
+harmony_macros = { path = "../../harmony_macros" }
+harmony-k8s = { path = "../../harmony-k8s" }
 cidr.workspace = true
 tokio.workspace = true
-harmony_macros = { path = "../../harmony_macros" }
 log.workspace = true
 env_logger.workspace = true
 url.workspace = true

examples/k8s_drain_node/src/main.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::time::Duration;
 
-use harmony::topology::k8s::{DrainOptions, K8sClient};
+use harmony_k8s::{DrainOptions, K8sClient};
 use log::{info, trace};
 
 #[tokio::main]

examples/k8s_write_file_on_node/Cargo.toml

@@ -10,9 +10,10 @@ publish = false
 harmony = { path = "../../harmony" }
 harmony_cli = { path = "../../harmony_cli" }
 harmony_types = { path = "../../harmony_types" }
+harmony_macros = { path = "../../harmony_macros" }
+harmony-k8s = { path = "../../harmony-k8s" }
 cidr.workspace = true
 tokio.workspace = true
-harmony_macros = { path = "../../harmony_macros" }
 log.workspace = true
 env_logger.workspace = true
 url.workspace = true

examples/k8s_write_file_on_node/src/main.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use harmony::topology::k8s::{DrainOptions, K8sClient, NodeFile};
+use harmony_k8s::{K8sClient, NodeFile};
 use log::{info, trace};
 
 #[tokio::main]

examples/monitoring/src/main.rs

@@ -1,37 +1,45 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::{
+    collections::HashMap,
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+};
 
 use harmony::{
     inventory::Inventory,
-    modules::{
-        monitoring::{
-            alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordWebhook,
-            alert_rule::prometheus_alert_rule::AlertManagerRuleGroup,
-            kube_prometheus::{
-                helm_prometheus_alert_score::HelmPrometheusAlertingScore,
-                types::{
-                    HTTPScheme, MatchExpression, Operator, Selector, ServiceMonitor,
-                    ServiceMonitorEndpoint,
+    modules::monitoring::{
+        alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordReceiver,
+        alert_rule::{
+            alerts::{
+                infra::dell_server::{
+                    alert_global_storage_status_critical,
+                    alert_global_storage_status_non_recoverable,
+                    global_storage_status_degraded_non_critical,
                 },
+                k8s::pvc::high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days,
             },
+            prometheus_alert_rule::AlertManagerRuleGroup,
         },
-        prometheus::alerts::{
-            infra::dell_server::{
-                alert_global_storage_status_critical, alert_global_storage_status_non_recoverable,
-                global_storage_status_degraded_non_critical,
+        kube_prometheus::{
+            helm::config::KubePrometheusConfig,
+            kube_prometheus_alerting_score::KubePrometheusAlertingScore,
+            types::{
+                HTTPScheme, MatchExpression, Operator, Selector, ServiceMonitor,
+                ServiceMonitorEndpoint,
             },
-            k8s::pvc::high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days,
         },
     },
-    topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
+    topology::{K8sAnywhereTopology, monitoring::AlertRoute},
 };
 use harmony_types::{k8s_name::K8sName, net::Url};
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() {
-    let discord_receiver = DiscordWebhook {
-        name: K8sName("test-discord".to_string()),
+    let receiver_name = "test-discord".to_string();
+    let discord_receiver = DiscordReceiver {
+        name: receiver_name.clone(),
         url: Url::Url(url::Url::parse("https://discord.doesnt.exist.com").unwrap()),
-        selectors: vec![],
+        route: AlertRoute {
+            ..AlertRoute::default(receiver_name)
+        },
     };
 
     let high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days_alert = high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days();
@@ -70,10 +78,15 @@ async fn main() {
         endpoints: vec![service_monitor_endpoint],
         ..Default::default()
     };
-    let alerting_score = HelmPrometheusAlertingScore {
+
+    let config = Arc::new(Mutex::new(KubePrometheusConfig::new()));
+
+    let alerting_score = KubePrometheusAlertingScore {
         receivers: vec![Box::new(discord_receiver)],
         rules: vec![Box::new(additional_rules), Box::new(additional_rules2)],
         service_monitors: vec![service_monitor],
+        scrape_targets: None,
+        config,
     };
 
     harmony_cli::run(

examples/monitoring_with_tenant/src/main.rs

@@ -1,24 +1,32 @@
-use std::{collections::HashMap, str::FromStr};
+use std::{
+    collections::HashMap,
+    str::FromStr,
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+};
 
 use harmony::{
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::{
         monitoring::{
-            alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordWebhook,
-            alert_rule::prometheus_alert_rule::AlertManagerRuleGroup,
+            alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordReceiver,
+            alert_rule::{
+                alerts::k8s::pvc::high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days,
+                prometheus_alert_rule::AlertManagerRuleGroup,
+            },
             kube_prometheus::{
-                helm_prometheus_alert_score::HelmPrometheusAlertingScore,
+                helm::config::KubePrometheusConfig,
+                kube_prometheus_alerting_score::KubePrometheusAlertingScore,
                 types::{
                     HTTPScheme, MatchExpression, Operator, Selector, ServiceMonitor,
                     ServiceMonitorEndpoint,
                 },
             },
         },
-        prometheus::alerts::k8s::pvc::high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days,
         tenant::TenantScore,
     },
     topology::{
         K8sAnywhereTopology,
+        monitoring::AlertRoute,
         tenant::{ResourceLimits, TenantConfig, TenantNetworkPolicy},
     },
 };
@@ -42,10 +50,13 @@ async fn main() {
         },
     };
 
-    let discord_receiver = DiscordWebhook {
-        name: K8sName("test-discord".to_string()),
+    let receiver_name = "test-discord".to_string();
+    let discord_receiver = DiscordReceiver {
+        name: receiver_name.clone(),
         url: Url::Url(url::Url::parse("https://discord.doesnt.exist.com").unwrap()),
-        selectors: vec![],
+        route: AlertRoute {
+            ..AlertRoute::default(receiver_name)
+        },
     };
 
     let high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days_alert = high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days();
@@ -74,10 +85,14 @@ async fn main() {
         ..Default::default()
     };
 
-    let alerting_score = HelmPrometheusAlertingScore {
+    let config = Arc::new(Mutex::new(KubePrometheusConfig::new()));
+
+    let alerting_score = KubePrometheusAlertingScore {
         receivers: vec![Box::new(discord_receiver)],
         rules: vec![Box::new(additional_rules)],
         service_monitors: vec![service_monitor],
+        scrape_targets: None,
+        config,
     };
 
     harmony_cli::run(

examples/node_health/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+[package]
+name = "example-node-health"
+edition = "2024"
+version.workspace = true
+readme.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+publish = false
+
+[dependencies]
+harmony = { path = "../../harmony" }
+harmony_cli = { path = "../../harmony_cli" }
+harmony_types = { path = "../../harmony_types" }
+tokio = { workspace = true }
+harmony_macros = { path = "../../harmony_macros" }
+log = { workspace = true }
+env_logger = { workspace = true }

examples/node_health/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+use harmony::{
+    inventory::Inventory, modules::node_health::NodeHealthScore, topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
+};
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    let node_health = NodeHealthScore {};
+
+    harmony_cli::run(
+        Inventory::autoload(),
+        K8sAnywhereTopology::from_env(),
+        vec![Box::new(node_health)],
+        None,
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+}

examples/okd_cluster_alerts/src/main.rs

@@ -1,35 +1,64 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-
 use harmony::{
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::monitoring::{
-        alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordWebhook,
-        okd::cluster_monitoring::OpenshiftClusterAlertScore,
+        alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordReceiver,
+        alert_rule::{
+            alerts::{
+                infra::opnsense::high_http_error_rate, k8s::pvc::high_pvc_fill_rate_over_two_days,
+            },
+            prometheus_alert_rule::AlertManagerRuleGroup,
+        },
+        okd::openshift_cluster_alerting_score::OpenshiftClusterAlertScore,
+        scrape_target::prometheus_node_exporter::PrometheusNodeExporter,
+    },
+    topology::{
+        K8sAnywhereTopology,
+        monitoring::{AlertMatcher, AlertRoute, MatchOp},
     },
-    topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
 };
-use harmony_macros::hurl;
-use harmony_types::k8s_name::K8sName;
+
+use harmony_macros::{hurl, ip};
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() {
-    let mut sel = HashMap::new();
-    sel.insert(
-        "openshift_io_alert_source".to_string(),
-        "platform".to_string(),
-    );
-    let mut sel2 = HashMap::new();
-    sel2.insert("openshift_io_alert_source".to_string(), "".to_string());
-    let selectors = vec![sel, sel2];
+    let platform_matcher = AlertMatcher {
+        label: "prometheus".to_string(),
+        operator: MatchOp::Eq,
+        value: "openshift-monitoring/k8s".to_string(),
+    };
+    let severity = AlertMatcher {
+        label: "severity".to_string(),
+        operator: MatchOp::Eq,
+        value: "critical".to_string(),
+    };
+
+    let high_http_error_rate = high_http_error_rate();
+
+    let additional_rules = AlertManagerRuleGroup::new("test-rule", vec![high_http_error_rate]);
+
+    let scrape_target = PrometheusNodeExporter {
+        job_name: "firewall".to_string(),
+        metrics_path: "/metrics".to_string(),
+        listen_address: ip!("192.168.1.1"),
+        port: 9100,
+        ..Default::default()
+    };
+
     harmony_cli::run(
         Inventory::autoload(),
         K8sAnywhereTopology::from_env(),
         vec![Box::new(OpenshiftClusterAlertScore {
-            receivers: vec![Box::new(DiscordWebhook {
-                name: K8sName("wills-discord-webhook-example".to_string()),
-                url: hurl!("https://something.io"),
-                selectors: selectors,
+            receivers: vec![Box::new(DiscordReceiver {
+                name: "crit-wills-discord-channel-example".to_string(),
+                url: hurl!("https://test.io"),
+                route: AlertRoute {
+                    matchers: vec![severity],
+                    ..AlertRoute::default("crit-wills-discord-channel-example".to_string())
+                },
             })],
+            sender: harmony::modules::monitoring::okd::OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
+            rules: vec![Box::new(additional_rules)],
+            scrape_targets: Some(vec![Box::new(scrape_target)]),
         })],
         None,
     )

examples/openbao/src/main.rs

@@ -1,63 +1,13 @@
-use std::str::FromStr;
-
 use harmony::{
-    inventory::Inventory,
-    modules::helm::chart::{HelmChartScore, HelmRepository, NonBlankString},
-    topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
+    inventory::Inventory, modules::openbao::OpenbaoScore, topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
 };
-use harmony_macros::hurl;
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() {
-    let values_yaml = Some(
-        r#"server:
-  standalone:
-    enabled: true
-    config: |
-      listener "tcp" {
-        tls_disable = true
-        address = "[::]:8200"
-        cluster_address = "[::]:8201"
-      }
-
-      storage "file" {
-        path = "/openbao/data"
-      }
-
-  service:
-    enabled: true
-
-  dataStorage:
-    enabled: true
-    size: 10Gi
-    storageClass: null
-    accessMode: ReadWriteOnce
-
-  auditStorage:
-    enabled: true
-    size: 10Gi
-    storageClass: null
-    accessMode: ReadWriteOnce"#
-            .to_string(),
-    );
-    let openbao = HelmChartScore {
-        namespace: Some(NonBlankString::from_str("openbao").unwrap()),
-        release_name: NonBlankString::from_str("openbao").unwrap(),
-        chart_name: NonBlankString::from_str("openbao/openbao").unwrap(),
-        chart_version: None,
-        values_overrides: None,
-        values_yaml,
-        create_namespace: true,
-        install_only: true,
-        repository: Some(HelmRepository::new(
-            "openbao".to_string(),
-            hurl!("https://openbao.github.io/openbao-helm"),
-            true,
-        )),
+    let openbao = OpenbaoScore {
+        host: "openbao.sebastien.sto1.nationtech.io".to_string(),
     };
 
-    // TODO exec pod commands to initialize secret store if not already done
-
     harmony_cli::run(
         Inventory::autoload(),
         K8sAnywhereTopology::from_env(),

examples/operatorhub_catalog/src/main.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-use std::str::FromStr;
-
 use harmony::{
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::{k8s::apps::OperatorHubCatalogSourceScore, postgresql::CloudNativePgOperatorScore},
@@ -9,7 +7,7 @@ use harmony::{
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() {
     let operatorhub_catalog = OperatorHubCatalogSourceScore::default();
-    let cnpg_operator = CloudNativePgOperatorScore::default();
+    let cnpg_operator = CloudNativePgOperatorScore::default_openshift();
 
     harmony_cli::run(
         Inventory::autoload(),

examples/opnsense_node_exporter/src/main.rs

@@ -1,22 +1,13 @@
-use std::{
-    net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr},
-    sync::Arc,
-};
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use cidr::Ipv4Cidr;
 use harmony::{
     executors::ExecutorError,
-    hardware::{HostCategory, Location, PhysicalHost, SwitchGroup},
-    infra::opnsense::OPNSenseManagementInterface,
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::opnsense::node_exporter::NodeExporterScore,
-    topology::{
-        HAClusterTopology, LogicalHost, PreparationError, PreparationOutcome, Topology,
-        UnmanagedRouter, node_exporter::NodeExporter,
-    },
+    topology::{PreparationError, PreparationOutcome, Topology, node_exporter::NodeExporter},
 };
-use harmony_macros::{ip, ipv4, mac_address};
+use harmony_macros::ip;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct OpnSenseTopology {

examples/public_postgres/src/main.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 use harmony::{
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::postgresql::{
-        K8sPostgreSQLScore, PostgreSQLConnectionScore, PublicPostgreSQLScore,
-        capability::PostgreSQLConfig,
+        PostgreSQLConnectionScore, PublicPostgreSQLScore, capability::PostgreSQLConfig,
     },
     topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
 };

examples/rhob_application_monitoring/src/main.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::{collections::HashMap, path::PathBuf, sync::Arc};
+use std::{path::PathBuf, sync::Arc};
 
 use harmony::{
     inventory::Inventory,
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ use harmony::{
         application::{
             ApplicationScore, RustWebFramework, RustWebapp, features::rhob_monitoring::Monitoring,
         },
-        monitoring::alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordWebhook,
+        monitoring::alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordReceiver,
     },
-    topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
+    topology::{K8sAnywhereTopology, monitoring::AlertRoute},
 };
 use harmony_types::{k8s_name::K8sName, net::Url};
 
@@ -22,18 +22,21 @@ async fn main() {
         service_port: 3000,
     });
 
-    let discord_receiver = DiscordWebhook {
-        name: K8sName("test-discord".to_string()),
+    let receiver_name = "test-discord".to_string();
+    let discord_receiver = DiscordReceiver {
+        name: receiver_name.clone(),
         url: Url::Url(url::Url::parse("https://discord.doesnt.exist.com").unwrap()),
-        selectors: vec![],
+        route: AlertRoute {
+            ..AlertRoute::default(receiver_name)
+        },
     };
 
     let app = ApplicationScore {
         features: vec![
-            Box::new(Monitoring {
-                application: application.clone(),
-                alert_receiver: vec![Box::new(discord_receiver)],
-            }),
+            // Box::new(Monitoring {
+            //     application: application.clone(),
+            //     alert_receiver: vec![Box::new(discord_receiver)],
+            // }),
             // TODO add backups, multisite ha, etc
         ],
         application,

examples/rust/src/main.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::{collections::HashMap, path::PathBuf, sync::Arc};
+use std::{path::PathBuf, sync::Arc};
 
 use harmony::{
     inventory::Inventory,
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ use harmony::{
             features::{Monitoring, PackagingDeployment},
         },
         monitoring::alert_channel::{
-            discord_alert_channel::DiscordWebhook, webhook_receiver::WebhookReceiver,
+            discord_alert_channel::DiscordReceiver, webhook_receiver::WebhookReceiver,
         },
     },
-    topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
+    topology::{K8sAnywhereTopology, monitoring::AlertRoute},
 };
 use harmony_macros::hurl;
-use harmony_types::k8s_name::K8sName;
+use harmony_types::{k8s_name::K8sName, net::Url};
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() {
@@ -26,15 +26,23 @@ async fn main() {
         service_port: 3000,
     });
 
-    let discord_receiver = DiscordWebhook {
-        name: K8sName("test-discord".to_string()),
-        url: hurl!("https://discord.doesnt.exist.com"),
-        selectors: vec![],
+    let receiver_name = "test-discord".to_string();
+    let discord_receiver = DiscordReceiver {
+        name: receiver_name.clone(),
+        url: Url::Url(url::Url::parse("https://discord.doesnt.exist.com").unwrap()),
+        route: AlertRoute {
+            ..AlertRoute::default(receiver_name)
+        },
     };
 
+    let receiver_name = "sample-webhook-receiver".to_string();
+
     let webhook_receiver = WebhookReceiver {
-        name: "sample-webhook-receiver".to_string(),
+        name: receiver_name.clone(),
         url: hurl!("https://webhook-doesnt-exist.com"),
+        route: AlertRoute {
+            ..AlertRoute::default(receiver_name)
+        },
     };
 
     let app = ApplicationScore {
@@ -42,10 +50,10 @@ async fn main() {
             Box::new(PackagingDeployment {
                 application: application.clone(),
             }),
-            Box::new(Monitoring {
-                application: application.clone(),
-                alert_receiver: vec![Box::new(discord_receiver), Box::new(webhook_receiver)],
-            }),
+            // Box::new(Monitoring {
+            //     application: application.clone(),
+            //     alert_receiver: vec![Box::new(discord_receiver), Box::new(webhook_receiver)],
+            // }),
             // TODO add backups, multisite ha, etc
         ],
         application,

examples/try_rust_webapp/src/main.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 use harmony::{
     inventory::Inventory,
-    modules::{
-        application::{
-            ApplicationScore, RustWebFramework, RustWebapp,
-            features::{Monitoring, PackagingDeployment},
-        },
-        monitoring::alert_channel::discord_alert_channel::DiscordWebhook,
+    modules::application::{
+        ApplicationScore, RustWebFramework, RustWebapp,
+        features::{Monitoring, PackagingDeployment},
     },
     topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
 };
@@ -30,14 +27,14 @@ async fn main() {
             Box::new(PackagingDeployment {
                 application: application.clone(),
             }),
-            Box::new(Monitoring {
-                application: application.clone(),
-                alert_receiver: vec![Box::new(DiscordWebhook {
-                    name: K8sName("test-discord".to_string()),
-                    url: hurl!("https://discord.doesnt.exist.com"),
-                    selectors: vec![],
-                })],
-            }),
+            // Box::new(Monitoring {
+            //     application: application.clone(),
+            //     alert_receiver: vec![Box::new(DiscordWebhook {
+            //         name: K8sName("test-discord".to_string()),
+            //         url: hurl!("https://discord.doesnt.exist.com"),
+            //         selectors: vec![],
+            //     })],
+            // }),
         ],
         application,
     };

examples/zitadel/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+[package]
+name = "example-zitadel"
+edition = "2024"
+version.workspace = true
+readme.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+harmony = { path = "../../harmony" }
+harmony_cli = { path = "../../harmony_cli" }
+harmony_macros = { path = "../../harmony_macros" }
+harmony_types = { path = "../../harmony_types" }
+tokio.workspace = true
+url.workspace = true

examples/zitadel/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+use harmony::{
+    inventory::Inventory, modules::zitadel::ZitadelScore, topology::K8sAnywhereTopology,
+};
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    let zitadel = ZitadelScore {
+        host: "sso.sto1.nationtech.io".to_string(),
+        zitadel_version: "v4.12.1".to_string(),
+    };
+
+    harmony_cli::run(
+        Inventory::autoload(),
+        K8sAnywhereTopology::from_env(),
+        vec![Box::new(zitadel)],
+        None,
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+}

harmony-k8s/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+[package]
+name = "harmony-k8s"
+edition = "2024"
+version.workspace = true
+readme.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+kube.workspace = true
+k8s-openapi.workspace = true
+tokio.workspace = true
+tokio-retry.workspace = true
+serde.workspace = true
+serde_json.workspace = true
+serde_yaml.workspace = true
+log.workspace = true
+similar.workspace = true
+reqwest.workspace = true
+url.workspace = true
+inquire.workspace = true
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+pretty_assertions.workspace = true

harmony-k8s/src/apply.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,593 @@
+use kube::{
+    Client, Error, Resource,
+    api::{
+        Api, ApiResource, DynamicObject, GroupVersionKind, Patch, PatchParams, PostParams,
+        ResourceExt,
+    },
+    core::ErrorResponse,
+    discovery::Scope,
+    error::DiscoveryError,
+};
+use log::{debug, error, trace, warn};
+use serde::{Serialize, de::DeserializeOwned};
+use serde_json::Value;
+use similar::TextDiff;
+use url::Url;
+
+use crate::client::K8sClient;
+use crate::helper;
+use crate::types::WriteMode;
+
+/// The field-manager token sent with every server-side apply request.
+pub const FIELD_MANAGER: &str = "harmony-k8s";
+
+// ── Private helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Serialise any `Serialize` payload to a [`DynamicObject`] via JSON.
+fn to_dynamic<T: Serialize>(payload: &T) -> Result<DynamicObject, Error> {
+    serde_json::from_value(serde_json::to_value(payload).map_err(Error::SerdeError)?)
+        .map_err(Error::SerdeError)
+}
+
+/// Fetch the current resource, display a unified diff against `payload`, and
+/// return `()`.  All output goes to stdout (same behaviour as before).
+///
+/// A 404 is treated as "resource would be created" — not an error.
+async fn show_dry_run<T: Serialize>(
+    api: &Api<DynamicObject>,
+    name: &str,
+    payload: &T,
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let new_yaml = serde_yaml::to_string(payload)
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| "Failed to serialize new resource".to_string());
+
+    match api.get(name).await {
+        Ok(current) => {
+            println!("\nDry-run for resource: '{name}'");
+            let mut current_val = serde_yaml::to_value(&current).unwrap_or(serde_yaml::Value::Null);
+            if let Some(map) = current_val.as_mapping_mut() {
+                map.remove(&serde_yaml::Value::String("status".to_string()));
+            }
+            let current_yaml = serde_yaml::to_string(&current_val)
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "Failed to serialize current resource".to_string());
+
+            if current_yaml == new_yaml {
+                println!("No changes detected.");
+            } else {
+                println!("Changes detected:");
+                let diff = TextDiff::from_lines(&current_yaml, &new_yaml);
+                for change in diff.iter_all_changes() {
+                    let sign = match change.tag() {
+                        similar::ChangeTag::Delete => "-",
+                        similar::ChangeTag::Insert => "+",
+                        similar::ChangeTag::Equal => " ",
+                    };
+                    print!("{sign}{change}");
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        Err(Error::Api(ErrorResponse { code: 404, .. })) => {
+            println!("\nDry-run for new resource: '{name}'");
+            println!("Resource does not exist. Would be created:");
+            for line in new_yaml.lines() {
+                println!("+{line}");
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            error!("Failed to fetch resource '{name}' for dry-run: {e}");
+            Err(e)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Execute the real (non-dry-run) apply, respecting [`WriteMode`].
+async fn do_apply<T: Serialize + std::fmt::Debug>(
+    api: &Api<DynamicObject>,
+    name: &str,
+    payload: &T,
+    patch_params: &PatchParams,
+    write_mode: &WriteMode,
+) -> Result<DynamicObject, Error> {
+    match write_mode {
+        WriteMode::CreateOrUpdate => {
+            // TODO refactor this arm to perform self.update and if fail with 404 self.create
+            // This will avoid the repetition of the api.patch and api.create calls within this
+            // function body. This makes the code more maintainable
+            match api.patch(name, patch_params, &Patch::Apply(payload)).await {
+                Ok(obj) => Ok(obj),
+                Err(Error::Api(ErrorResponse { code: 404, .. })) => {
+                    debug!("Resource '{name}' not found via SSA, falling back to POST");
+                    let dyn_obj = to_dynamic(payload)?;
+                    api.create(&PostParams::default(), &dyn_obj)
+                        .await
+                        .map_err(|e| {
+                            error!("Failed to create '{name}': {e}");
+                            e
+                        })
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    error!("Failed to apply '{name}': {e}");
+                    Err(e)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        WriteMode::Create => {
+            let dyn_obj = to_dynamic(payload)?;
+            api.create(&PostParams::default(), &dyn_obj)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| {
+                    error!("Failed to create '{name}': {e}");
+                    e
+                })
+        }
+        WriteMode::Update => match api.patch(name, patch_params, &Patch::Apply(payload)).await {
+            Ok(obj) => Ok(obj),
+            Err(Error::Api(ErrorResponse { code: 404, .. })) => Err(Error::Api(ErrorResponse {
+                code: 404,
+                message: format!("Resource '{name}' not found and WriteMode is UpdateOnly"),
+                reason: "NotFound".to_string(),
+                status: "Failure".to_string(),
+            })),
+            Err(e) => {
+                error!("Failed to update '{name}': {e}");
+                Err(e)
+            }
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Public API ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+impl K8sClient {
+    /// Server-side apply: create if absent, update if present.
+    /// Equivalent to `kubectl apply`.
+    pub async fn apply<K>(&self, resource: &K, namespace: Option<&str>) -> Result<K, Error>
+    where
+        K: Resource + Clone + std::fmt::Debug + DeserializeOwned + Serialize,
+        <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+    {
+        self.apply_with_strategy(resource, namespace, WriteMode::CreateOrUpdate)
+            .await
+    }
+
+    /// POST only — returns an error if the resource already exists.
+    pub async fn create<K>(&self, resource: &K, namespace: Option<&str>) -> Result<K, Error>
+    where
+        K: Resource + Clone + std::fmt::Debug + DeserializeOwned + Serialize,
+        <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+    {
+        self.apply_with_strategy(resource, namespace, WriteMode::Create)
+            .await
+    }
+
+    /// Server-side apply only — returns an error if the resource does not exist.
+    pub async fn update<K>(&self, resource: &K, namespace: Option<&str>) -> Result<K, Error>
+    where
+        K: Resource + Clone + std::fmt::Debug + DeserializeOwned + Serialize,
+        <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+    {
+        self.apply_with_strategy(resource, namespace, WriteMode::Update)
+            .await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn apply_with_strategy<K>(
+        &self,
+        resource: &K,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+        write_mode: WriteMode,
+    ) -> Result<K, Error>
+    where
+        K: Resource + Clone + std::fmt::Debug + DeserializeOwned + Serialize,
+        <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+    {
+        debug!(
+            "apply_with_strategy: {:?} ns={:?}",
+            resource.meta().name,
+            namespace
+        );
+        trace!("{:#}", serde_json::to_value(resource).unwrap_or_default());
+
+        let dyntype = K::DynamicType::default();
+        let gvk = GroupVersionKind {
+            group: K::group(&dyntype).to_string(),
+            version: K::version(&dyntype).to_string(),
+            kind: K::kind(&dyntype).to_string(),
+        };
+
+        let discovery = self.discovery().await?;
+        let (ar, caps) = discovery.resolve_gvk(&gvk).ok_or_else(|| {
+            Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                "Cannot resolve GVK: {gvk:?}"
+            )))
+        })?;
+
+        let effective_ns = if caps.scope == Scope::Cluster {
+            None
+        } else {
+            namespace.or_else(|| resource.meta().namespace.as_deref())
+        };
+
+        let api: Api<DynamicObject> =
+            get_dynamic_api(ar, caps, self.client.clone(), effective_ns, false);
+
+        let name = resource
+            .meta()
+            .name
+            .as_deref()
+            .expect("Kubernetes resource must have a name");
+
+        if self.dry_run {
+            show_dry_run(&api, name, resource).await?;
+            return Ok(resource.clone());
+        }
+
+        let patch_params = PatchParams::apply(FIELD_MANAGER);
+        do_apply(&api, name, resource, &patch_params, &write_mode)
+            .await
+            .and_then(helper::dyn_to_typed)
+    }
+
+    /// Applies resources in order, one at a time
+    pub async fn apply_many<K>(&self, resources: &[K], ns: Option<&str>) -> Result<Vec<K>, Error>
+    where
+        K: Resource + Clone + std::fmt::Debug + DeserializeOwned + Serialize,
+        <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+    {
+        let mut result = Vec::new();
+        for r in resources.iter() {
+            let res = self.apply(r, ns).await;
+            if res.is_err() {
+                // NOTE: this may log sensitive data; downgrade to debug if needed.
+                warn!(
+                    "Failed to apply k8s resource: {}",
+                    serde_json::to_string_pretty(r).map_err(Error::SerdeError)?
+                );
+            }
+            result.push(res?);
+        }
+        Ok(result)
+    }
+
+    /// Apply a [`DynamicObject`] resource using server-side apply.
+    pub async fn apply_dynamic(
+        &self,
+        resource: &DynamicObject,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+        force_conflicts: bool,
+    ) -> Result<DynamicObject, Error> {
+        trace!("apply_dynamic {resource:#?} ns={namespace:?} force={force_conflicts}");
+
+        let discovery = self.discovery().await?;
+        let type_meta = resource.types.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            Error::BuildRequest(kube::core::request::Error::Validation(
+                "DynamicObject must have types (apiVersion and kind)".to_string(),
+            ))
+        })?;
+
+        let gvk = GroupVersionKind::try_from(type_meta).map_err(|_| {
+            Error::BuildRequest(kube::core::request::Error::Validation(format!(
+                "Invalid GVK in DynamicObject: {type_meta:?}"
+            )))
+        })?;
+
+        let (ar, caps) = discovery.resolve_gvk(&gvk).ok_or_else(|| {
+            Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                "Cannot resolve GVK: {gvk:?}"
+            )))
+        })?;
+
+        let effective_ns = if caps.scope == Scope::Cluster {
+            None
+        } else {
+            namespace.or_else(|| resource.metadata.namespace.as_deref())
+        };
+
+        let api = get_dynamic_api(ar, caps, self.client.clone(), effective_ns, false);
+        let name = resource.metadata.name.as_deref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            Error::BuildRequest(kube::core::request::Error::Validation(
+                "DynamicObject must have metadata.name".to_string(),
+            ))
+        })?;
+
+        debug!(
+            "apply_dynamic kind={:?} name='{name}' ns={effective_ns:?}",
+            resource.types.as_ref().map(|t| &t.kind),
+        );
+
+        // NOTE would be nice to improve cohesion between the dynamic and typed apis and avoid copy
+        // pasting the dry_run and some more logic
+        if self.dry_run {
+            show_dry_run(&api, name, resource).await?;
+            return Ok(resource.clone());
+        }
+
+        let mut patch_params = PatchParams::apply(FIELD_MANAGER);
+        patch_params.force = force_conflicts;
+
+        do_apply(
+            &api,
+            name,
+            resource,
+            &patch_params,
+            &WriteMode::CreateOrUpdate,
+        )
+        .await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn apply_dynamic_many(
+        &self,
+        resources: &[DynamicObject],
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+        force_conflicts: bool,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<DynamicObject>, Error> {
+        let mut result = Vec::new();
+        for r in resources.iter() {
+            result.push(self.apply_dynamic(r, namespace, force_conflicts).await?);
+        }
+        Ok(result)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn apply_yaml_many(
+        &self,
+        #[allow(clippy::ptr_arg)] yaml: &Vec<serde_yaml::Value>,
+        ns: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        for y in yaml.iter() {
+            self.apply_yaml(y, ns).await?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn apply_yaml(
+        &self,
+        yaml: &serde_yaml::Value,
+        ns: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        // NOTE wouldn't it be possible to parse this into a DynamicObject and simply call
+        // apply_dynamic instead of reimplementing api interactions?
+        let obj: DynamicObject =
+            serde_yaml::from_value(yaml.clone()).expect("YAML must deserialise to DynamicObject");
+        let name = obj.metadata.name.as_ref().expect("YAML must have a name");
+
+        let api_version = yaml["apiVersion"].as_str().expect("missing apiVersion");
+        let kind = yaml["kind"].as_str().expect("missing kind");
+
+        let mut it = api_version.splitn(2, '/');
+        let first = it.next().unwrap();
+        let (g, v) = match it.next() {
+            Some(second) => (first, second),
+            None => ("", first),
+        };
+
+        let api_resource = ApiResource::from_gvk(&GroupVersionKind::gvk(g, v, kind));
+        let namespace = ns.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+            obj.metadata
+                .namespace
+                .as_deref()
+                .expect("YAML must have a namespace when ns is not provided")
+        });
+
+        let api: Api<DynamicObject> =
+            Api::namespaced_with(self.client.clone(), namespace, &api_resource);
+
+        println!("Applying '{name}' in namespace '{namespace}'...");
+        let patch_params = PatchParams::apply(FIELD_MANAGER);
+        let result = api.patch(name, &patch_params, &Patch::Apply(&obj)).await?;
+        println!("Successfully applied '{}'.", result.name_any());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Equivalent to `kubectl apply -f <url>`.
+    pub async fn apply_url(&self, url: Url, ns: Option<&str>) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let patch_params = PatchParams::apply(FIELD_MANAGER);
+        let discovery = self.discovery().await?;
+
+        let yaml = reqwest::get(url)
+            .await
+            .expect("Could not fetch URL")
+            .text()
+            .await
+            .expect("Could not read response body");
+
+        for doc in multidoc_deserialize(&yaml).expect("Failed to parse YAML from URL") {
+            let obj: DynamicObject =
+                serde_yaml::from_value(doc).expect("YAML document is not a valid object");
+            let namespace = obj.metadata.namespace.as_deref().or(ns);
+            let type_meta = obj.types.as_ref().expect("Object is missing TypeMeta");
+            let gvk =
+                GroupVersionKind::try_from(type_meta).expect("Object has invalid GroupVersionKind");
+            let name = obj.name_any();
+
+            if let Some((ar, caps)) = discovery.resolve_gvk(&gvk) {
+                let api = get_dynamic_api(ar, caps, self.client.clone(), namespace, false);
+                trace!(
+                    "Applying {}:\n{}",
+                    gvk.kind,
+                    serde_yaml::to_string(&obj).unwrap_or_default()
+                );
+                let data: Value = serde_json::to_value(&obj).expect("serialisation failed");
+                let _r = api.patch(&name, &patch_params, &Patch::Apply(data)).await?;
+                debug!("Applied {} '{name}'", gvk.kind);
+            } else {
+                warn!("Skipping document with unknown GVK: {gvk:?}");
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Build a dynamic API client from a [`DynamicObject`]'s type metadata.
+    pub(crate) fn get_api_for_dynamic_object(
+        &self,
+        object: &DynamicObject,
+        ns: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<Api<DynamicObject>, Error> {
+        let ar = object
+            .types
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|t| {
+                let parts: Vec<&str> = t.api_version.split('/').collect();
+                match parts.as_slice() {
+                    [version] => Some(ApiResource::from_gvk(&GroupVersionKind::gvk(
+                        "", version, &t.kind,
+                    ))),
+                    [group, version] => Some(ApiResource::from_gvk(&GroupVersionKind::gvk(
+                        group, version, &t.kind,
+                    ))),
+                    _ => None,
+                }
+            })
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                Error::BuildRequest(kube::core::request::Error::Validation(format!(
+                    "Invalid apiVersion in DynamicObject: {object:#?}"
+                )))
+            })?;
+
+        Ok(match ns {
+            Some(ns) => Api::namespaced_with(self.client.clone(), ns, &ar),
+            None => Api::default_namespaced_with(self.client.clone(), &ar),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Free functions ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub(crate) fn get_dynamic_api(
+    resource: kube::api::ApiResource,
+    capabilities: kube::discovery::ApiCapabilities,
+    client: Client,
+    ns: Option<&str>,
+    all: bool,
+) -> Api<DynamicObject> {
+    if capabilities.scope == Scope::Cluster || all {
+        Api::all_with(client, &resource)
+    } else if let Some(namespace) = ns {
+        Api::namespaced_with(client, namespace, &resource)
+    } else {
+        Api::default_namespaced_with(client, &resource)
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn multidoc_deserialize(
+    data: &str,
+) -> Result<Vec<serde_yaml::Value>, serde_yaml::Error> {
+    use serde::Deserialize;
+    let mut docs = vec![];
+    for de in serde_yaml::Deserializer::from_str(data) {
+        docs.push(serde_yaml::Value::deserialize(de)?);
+    }
+    Ok(docs)
+}
+
+// ── Tests ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod apply_tests {
+    use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+    use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+
+    use k8s_openapi::api::core::v1::ConfigMap;
+    use k8s_openapi::apimachinery::pkg::apis::meta::v1::ObjectMeta;
+    use kube::api::{DeleteParams, TypeMeta};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    #[ignore = "requires kubernetes cluster"]
+    async fn apply_creates_new_configmap() {
+        let client = K8sClient::try_default().await.unwrap();
+        let ns = "default";
+        let name = format!(
+            "test-cm-{}",
+            SystemTime::now()
+                .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+                .unwrap()
+                .as_millis()
+        );
+
+        let cm = ConfigMap {
+            metadata: ObjectMeta {
+                name: Some(name.clone()),
+                namespace: Some(ns.to_string()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            data: Some(BTreeMap::from([("key1".to_string(), "value1".to_string())])),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+
+        assert!(client.apply(&cm, Some(ns)).await.is_ok());
+
+        let api: Api<ConfigMap> = Api::namespaced(client.client.clone(), ns);
+        let _ = api.delete(&name, &DeleteParams::default()).await;
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    #[ignore = "requires kubernetes cluster"]
+    async fn apply_is_idempotent() {
+        let client = K8sClient::try_default().await.unwrap();
+        let ns = "default";
+        let name = format!(
+            "test-idem-{}",
+            SystemTime::now()
+                .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+                .unwrap()
+                .as_millis()
+        );
+
+        let cm = ConfigMap {
+            metadata: ObjectMeta {
+                name: Some(name.clone()),
+                namespace: Some(ns.to_string()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            data: Some(BTreeMap::from([("key".to_string(), "value".to_string())])),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+
+        assert!(
+            client.apply(&cm, Some(ns)).await.is_ok(),
+            "first apply failed"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            client.apply(&cm, Some(ns)).await.is_ok(),
+            "second apply failed (not idempotent)"
+        );
+
+        let api: Api<ConfigMap> = Api::namespaced(client.client.clone(), ns);
+        let _ = api.delete(&name, &DeleteParams::default()).await;
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    #[ignore = "requires kubernetes cluster"]
+    async fn apply_dynamic_creates_new_resource() {
+        let client = K8sClient::try_default().await.unwrap();
+        let ns = "default";
+        let name = format!(
+            "test-dyn-{}",
+            SystemTime::now()
+                .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+                .unwrap()
+                .as_millis()
+        );
+
+        let obj = DynamicObject {
+            types: Some(TypeMeta {
+                api_version: "v1".to_string(),
+                kind: "ConfigMap".to_string(),
+            }),
+            metadata: ObjectMeta {
+                name: Some(name.clone()),
+                namespace: Some(ns.to_string()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            data: serde_json::json!({}),
+        };
+
+        let result = client.apply_dynamic(&obj, Some(ns), false).await;
+        assert!(result.is_ok(), "apply_dynamic failed: {:?}", result.err());
+
+        let api: Api<ConfigMap> = Api::namespaced(client.client.clone(), ns);
+        let _ = api.delete(&name, &DeleteParams::default()).await;
+    }
+}

harmony-k8s/src/bundle.rs

@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@
 //!
 //! ## Example
 //!
-//! ```rust,no_run
-//! use harmony::topology::k8s::{K8sClient, helper};
-//! use harmony::topology::KubernetesDistribution;
+//! ```
+//! use harmony_k8s::{K8sClient, helper};
+//! use harmony_k8s::KubernetesDistribution;
 //!
 //! async fn write_network_config(client: &K8sClient, node: &str) {
 //!     // Create a bundle with platform-specific RBAC
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ use kube::{Error, Resource, ResourceExt, api::DynamicObject};
 use serde::Serialize;
 use serde_json;
 
-use crate::domain::topology::k8s::K8sClient;
+use crate::K8sClient;
 
 /// A ResourceBundle represents a logical unit of work consisting of multiple
 /// Kubernetes resources that should be applied or deleted together.

harmony-k8s/src/client.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use kube::config::{KubeConfigOptions, Kubeconfig};
+use kube::{Client, Config, Discovery, Error};
+use log::error;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use tokio::sync::OnceCell;
+
+use crate::types::KubernetesDistribution;
+
+// TODO not cool, should use a proper configuration mechanism
+// cli arg, env var, config file
+fn read_dry_run_from_env() -> bool {
+    std::env::var("DRY_RUN")
+        .map(|v| v == "true" || v == "1")
+        .unwrap_or(false)
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct K8sClient {
+    pub(crate) client: Client,
+    /// When `true` no mutation is sent to the API server; diffs are printed
+    /// to stdout instead. Initialised from the `DRY_RUN` environment variable.
+    pub(crate) dry_run: bool,
+    pub(crate) k8s_distribution: Arc<OnceCell<KubernetesDistribution>>,
+    pub(crate) discovery: Arc<OnceCell<Discovery>>,
+}
+
+impl Serialize for K8sClient {
+    fn serialize<S>(&self, _serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: serde::Serializer,
+    {
+        todo!("K8sClient serialization is not meaningful; remove this impl if unused")
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Debug for K8sClient {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.write_fmt(format_args!(
+            "K8sClient {{ namespace: {}, dry_run: {} }}",
+            self.client.default_namespace(),
+            self.dry_run,
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+impl K8sClient {
+    pub fn inner_client(&self) -> &Client {
+        &self.client
+    }
+
+    pub fn inner_client_clone(&self) -> Client {
+        self.client.clone()
+    }
+
+    /// Create a client, reading `DRY_RUN` from the environment.
+    pub fn new(client: Client) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            dry_run: read_dry_run_from_env(),
+            client,
+            k8s_distribution: Arc::new(OnceCell::new()),
+            discovery: Arc::new(OnceCell::new()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Create a client that always operates in dry-run mode, regardless of
+    /// the environment variable.
+    pub fn new_dry_run(client: Client) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            dry_run: true,
+            ..Self::new(client)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if this client is operating in dry-run mode.
+    pub fn is_dry_run(&self) -> bool {
+        self.dry_run
+    }
+
+    pub async fn try_default() -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        Ok(Self::new(Client::try_default().await?))
+    }
+
+    pub async fn from_kubeconfig(path: &str) -> Option<Self> {
+        Self::from_kubeconfig_with_opts(path, &KubeConfigOptions::default()).await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn from_kubeconfig_with_context(path: &str, context: Option<String>) -> Option<Self> {
+        let mut opts = KubeConfigOptions::default();
+        opts.context = context;
+        Self::from_kubeconfig_with_opts(path, &opts).await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn from_kubeconfig_with_opts(path: &str, opts: &KubeConfigOptions) -> Option<Self> {
+        let k = match Kubeconfig::read_from(path) {
+            Ok(k) => k,
+            Err(e) => {
+                error!("Failed to load kubeconfig from {path}: {e}");
+                return None;
+            }
+        };
+        Some(Self::new(
+            Client::try_from(Config::from_custom_kubeconfig(k, opts).await.unwrap()).unwrap(),
+        ))
+    }
+}

harmony-k8s/src/discovery.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use kube::{Discovery, Error};
+use log::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
+use tokio::sync::Mutex;
+use tokio_retry::{Retry, strategy::ExponentialBackoff};
+
+use crate::client::K8sClient;
+use crate::types::KubernetesDistribution;
+
+impl K8sClient {
+    pub async fn get_apiserver_version(
+        &self,
+    ) -> Result<k8s_openapi::apimachinery::pkg::version::Info, Error> {
+        self.client.clone().apiserver_version().await
+    }
+
+    /// Runs (and caches) Kubernetes API discovery with exponential-backoff retries.
+    pub async fn discovery(&self) -> Result<&Discovery, Error> {
+        let retry_strategy = ExponentialBackoff::from_millis(1000)
+            .max_delay(Duration::from_secs(32))
+            .take(6);
+
+        let attempt = Mutex::new(0u32);
+        Retry::spawn(retry_strategy, || async {
+            let mut n = attempt.lock().await;
+            *n += 1;
+            match self
+                .discovery
+                .get_or_try_init(async || {
+                    debug!("Running Kubernetes API discovery (attempt {})", *n);
+                    let d = Discovery::new(self.client.clone()).run().await?;
+                    debug!("Kubernetes API discovery completed");
+                    Ok(d)
+                })
+                .await
+            {
+                Ok(d) => Ok(d),
+                Err(e) => {
+                    warn!("Kubernetes API discovery failed (attempt {}): {}", *n, e);
+                    Err(e)
+                }
+            }
+        })
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| {
+            error!("Kubernetes API discovery failed after all retries: {}", e);
+            e
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Detect which Kubernetes distribution is running. Result is cached for
+    /// the lifetime of the client.
+    pub async fn get_k8s_distribution(&self) -> Result<KubernetesDistribution, Error> {
+        self.k8s_distribution
+            .get_or_try_init(async || {
+                debug!("Detecting Kubernetes distribution");
+                let api_groups = self.client.list_api_groups().await?;
+                trace!("list_api_groups: {:?}", api_groups);
+
+                let version = self.get_apiserver_version().await?;
+
+                if api_groups
+                    .groups
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|g| g.name == "project.openshift.io")
+                {
+                    info!("Detected distribution: OpenshiftFamily");
+                    return Ok(KubernetesDistribution::OpenshiftFamily);
+                }
+
+                if version.git_version.contains("k3s") {
+                    info!("Detected distribution: K3sFamily");
+                    return Ok(KubernetesDistribution::K3sFamily);
+                }
+
+                info!("Distribution not identified, using Default");
+                Ok(KubernetesDistribution::Default)
+            })
+            .await
+            .cloned()
+    }
+}

harmony-k8s/src/helper.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 use std::time::Duration;
 
-use crate::topology::KubernetesDistribution;
+use crate::KubernetesDistribution;
 
 use super::bundle::ResourceBundle;
 use super::config::PRIVILEGED_POD_IMAGE;
@@ -10,8 +10,10 @@ use k8s_openapi::api::core::v1::{
 };
 use k8s_openapi::api::rbac::v1::{ClusterRoleBinding, RoleRef, Subject};
 use k8s_openapi::apimachinery::pkg::apis::meta::v1::ObjectMeta;
+use kube::api::DynamicObject;
 use kube::error::DiscoveryError;
 use log::{debug, error, info, warn};
+use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct PrivilegedPodConfig {
@@ -131,9 +133,9 @@ pub fn host_root_volume() -> (Volume, VolumeMount) {
 ///
 /// # Example
 ///
-/// ```rust,no_run
-/// # use harmony::topology::k8s::helper::{build_privileged_bundle, PrivilegedPodConfig};
-/// # use harmony::topology::KubernetesDistribution;
+/// ```
+/// use harmony_k8s::helper::{build_privileged_bundle, PrivilegedPodConfig};
+/// use harmony_k8s::KubernetesDistribution;
 /// let bundle = build_privileged_bundle(
 ///     PrivilegedPodConfig {
 ///         name: "network-setup".to_string(),
@@ -279,6 +281,16 @@ pub fn prompt_drain_timeout_action(
     }
 }
 
+/// JSON round-trip: DynamicObject → K
+///
+/// Safe because the DynamicObject was produced by the apiserver from a
+/// payload that was originally serialized from K, so the schema is identical.
+pub(crate) fn dyn_to_typed<K: DeserializeOwned>(obj: DynamicObject) -> Result<K, kube::Error> {
+    serde_json::to_value(obj)
+        .and_then(serde_json::from_value)
+        .map_err(kube::Error::SerdeError)
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;

harmony-k8s/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+pub mod apply;
+pub mod bundle;
+pub mod client;
+pub mod config;
+pub mod discovery;
+pub mod helper;
+pub mod node;
+pub mod pod;
+pub mod resources;
+pub mod types;
+
+pub use client::K8sClient;
+pub use types::{DrainOptions, KubernetesDistribution, NodeFile, ScopeResolver, WriteMode};

harmony-k8s/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+fn main() {
+    println!("Hello, world!");
+}

harmony-k8s/src/node.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,722 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+
+use k8s_openapi::api::core::v1::{
+    ConfigMap, ConfigMapVolumeSource, Node, Pod, Volume, VolumeMount,
+};
+use k8s_openapi::apimachinery::pkg::apis::meta::v1::ObjectMeta;
+use kube::{
+    Error,
+    api::{Api, DeleteParams, EvictParams, ListParams, PostParams},
+    core::ErrorResponse,
+    error::DiscoveryError,
+};
+use log::{debug, error, info, warn};
+use tokio::time::sleep;
+
+use crate::client::K8sClient;
+use crate::helper::{self, PrivilegedPodConfig};
+use crate::types::{DrainOptions, NodeFile};
+
+impl K8sClient {
+    pub async fn cordon_node(&self, node_name: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        Api::<Node>::all(self.client.clone())
+            .cordon(node_name)
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn uncordon_node(&self, node_name: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        Api::<Node>::all(self.client.clone())
+            .uncordon(node_name)
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn wait_for_node_ready(&self, node_name: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.wait_for_node_ready_with_timeout(node_name, Duration::from_secs(600))
+            .await
+    }
+
+    async fn wait_for_node_ready_with_timeout(
+        &self,
+        node_name: &str,
+        timeout: Duration,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let api: Api<Node> = Api::all(self.client.clone());
+        let start = tokio::time::Instant::now();
+        let poll = Duration::from_secs(5);
+        loop {
+            if start.elapsed() > timeout {
+                return Err(Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                    "Node '{node_name}' did not become Ready within {timeout:?}"
+                ))));
+            }
+            match api.get(node_name).await {
+                Ok(node) => {
+                    if node
+                        .status
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .and_then(|s| s.conditions.as_ref())
+                        .map(|conds| {
+                            conds
+                                .iter()
+                                .any(|c| c.type_ == "Ready" && c.status == "True")
+                        })
+                        .unwrap_or(false)
+                    {
+                        debug!("Node '{node_name}' is Ready");
+                        return Ok(());
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(e) => debug!("Error polling node '{node_name}': {e}"),
+            }
+            sleep(poll).await;
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn wait_for_node_not_ready(
+        &self,
+        node_name: &str,
+        timeout: Duration,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let api: Api<Node> = Api::all(self.client.clone());
+        let start = tokio::time::Instant::now();
+        let poll = Duration::from_secs(5);
+        loop {
+            if start.elapsed() > timeout {
+                return Err(Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                    "Node '{node_name}' did not become NotReady within {timeout:?}"
+                ))));
+            }
+            match api.get(node_name).await {
+                Ok(node) => {
+                    let is_ready = node
+                        .status
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .and_then(|s| s.conditions.as_ref())
+                        .map(|conds| {
+                            conds
+                                .iter()
+                                .any(|c| c.type_ == "Ready" && c.status == "True")
+                        })
+                        .unwrap_or(false);
+                    if !is_ready {
+                        debug!("Node '{node_name}' is NotReady");
+                        return Ok(());
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(e) => debug!("Error polling node '{node_name}': {e}"),
+            }
+            sleep(poll).await;
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn list_pods_on_node(&self, node_name: &str) -> Result<Vec<Pod>, Error> {
+        let api: Api<Pod> = Api::all(self.client.clone());
+        Ok(api
+            .list(&ListParams::default().fields(&format!("spec.nodeName={node_name}")))
+            .await?
+            .items)
+    }
+
+    fn is_mirror_pod(pod: &Pod) -> bool {
+        pod.metadata
+            .annotations
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|a| a.contains_key("kubernetes.io/config.mirror"))
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
+    fn is_daemonset_pod(pod: &Pod) -> bool {
+        pod.metadata
+            .owner_references
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|refs| refs.iter().any(|r| r.kind == "DaemonSet"))
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
+    fn has_emptydir_volume(pod: &Pod) -> bool {
+        pod.spec
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|s| s.volumes.as_ref())
+            .map(|vols| vols.iter().any(|v| v.empty_dir.is_some()))
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
+    fn is_completed_pod(pod: &Pod) -> bool {
+        pod.status
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|s| s.phase.as_deref())
+            .map(|phase| phase == "Succeeded" || phase == "Failed")
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
+    fn classify_pods_for_drain(
+        pods: &[Pod],
+        options: &DrainOptions,
+    ) -> Result<(Vec<Pod>, Vec<String>), String> {
+        let mut evictable = Vec::new();
+        let mut skipped = Vec::new();
+        let mut blocking = Vec::new();
+
+        for pod in pods {
+            let name = pod.metadata.name.as_deref().unwrap_or("<unknown>");
+            let ns = pod.metadata.namespace.as_deref().unwrap_or("<unknown>");
+            let qualified = format!("{ns}/{name}");
+
+            if Self::is_mirror_pod(pod) {
+                skipped.push(format!("{qualified} (mirror pod)"));
+                continue;
+            }
+            if Self::is_completed_pod(pod) {
+                skipped.push(format!("{qualified} (completed)"));
+                continue;
+            }
+            if Self::is_daemonset_pod(pod) {
+                if options.ignore_daemonsets {
+                    skipped.push(format!("{qualified} (DaemonSet-managed)"));
+                } else {
+                    blocking.push(format!(
+                        "{qualified} is managed by a DaemonSet (set ignore_daemonsets to skip)"
+                    ));
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+            if Self::has_emptydir_volume(pod) && !options.delete_emptydir_data {
+                blocking.push(format!(
+                    "{qualified} uses emptyDir volumes (set delete_emptydir_data to allow eviction)"
+                ));
+                continue;
+            }
+            evictable.push(pod.clone());
+        }
+
+        if !blocking.is_empty() {
+            return Err(format!(
+                "Cannot drain node — the following pods block eviction:\n  - {}",
+                blocking.join("\n  - ")
+            ));
+        }
+        Ok((evictable, skipped))
+    }
+
+    async fn evict_pod(&self, pod: &Pod) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let name = pod.metadata.name.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+        let ns = pod.metadata.namespace.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+        debug!("Evicting pod {ns}/{name}");
+        Api::<Pod>::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns)
+            .evict(name, &EvictParams::default())
+            .await
+            .map(|_| ())
+    }
+
+    /// Drains a node: cordon → classify → evict & wait.
+    pub async fn drain_node(&self, node_name: &str, options: &DrainOptions) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        debug!("Cordoning '{node_name}'");
+        self.cordon_node(node_name).await?;
+
+        let pods = self.list_pods_on_node(node_name).await?;
+        debug!("Found {} pod(s) on '{node_name}'", pods.len());
+
+        let (evictable, skipped) =
+            Self::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, options).map_err(|msg| {
+                error!("{msg}");
+                Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(msg))
+            })?;
+
+        for s in &skipped {
+            info!("Skipping pod: {s}");
+        }
+        if evictable.is_empty() {
+            info!("No pods to evict on '{node_name}'");
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        info!("Evicting {} pod(s) from '{node_name}'", evictable.len());
+
+        let mut start = tokio::time::Instant::now();
+        let poll = Duration::from_secs(5);
+        let mut pending = evictable;
+
+        loop {
+            for pod in &pending {
+                match self.evict_pod(pod).await {
+                    Ok(()) => {}
+                    Err(Error::Api(ErrorResponse { code: 404, .. })) => {}
+                    Err(Error::Api(ErrorResponse { code: 429, .. })) => {
+                        warn!(
+                            "PDB blocked eviction of {}/{}; will retry",
+                            pod.metadata.namespace.as_deref().unwrap_or(""),
+                            pod.metadata.name.as_deref().unwrap_or("")
+                        );
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        error!(
+                            "Failed to evict {}/{}: {e}",
+                            pod.metadata.namespace.as_deref().unwrap_or(""),
+                            pod.metadata.name.as_deref().unwrap_or("")
+                        );
+                        return Err(e);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            sleep(poll).await;
+
+            let mut still_present = Vec::new();
+            for pod in pending {
+                let ns = pod.metadata.namespace.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+                let name = pod.metadata.name.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+                match self.get_pod(name, Some(ns)).await? {
+                    Some(_) => still_present.push(pod),
+                    None => debug!("Pod {ns}/{name} evicted"),
+                }
+            }
+            pending = still_present;
+
+            if pending.is_empty() {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if start.elapsed() > options.timeout {
+                match helper::prompt_drain_timeout_action(
+                    node_name,
+                    pending.len(),
+                    options.timeout,
+                )? {
+                    helper::DrainTimeoutAction::Accept => break,
+                    helper::DrainTimeoutAction::Retry => {
+                        start = tokio::time::Instant::now();
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    helper::DrainTimeoutAction::Abort => {
+                        return Err(Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                            "Drain aborted. {} pod(s) remaining on '{node_name}'",
+                            pending.len()
+                        ))));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            debug!("Waiting for {} pod(s) on '{node_name}'", pending.len());
+        }
+
+        debug!("'{node_name}' drained successfully");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Safely reboots a node: drain → reboot → wait for Ready → uncordon.
+    pub async fn reboot_node(
+        &self,
+        node_name: &str,
+        drain_options: &DrainOptions,
+        timeout: Duration,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        info!("Starting reboot for '{node_name}'");
+        let node_api: Api<Node> = Api::all(self.client.clone());
+
+        let boot_id_before = node_api
+            .get(node_name)
+            .await?
+            .status
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|s| s.node_info.as_ref())
+            .map(|ni| ni.boot_id.clone())
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                    "Node '{node_name}' has no boot_id in status"
+                )))
+            })?;
+
+        info!("Draining '{node_name}'");
+        self.drain_node(node_name, drain_options).await?;
+
+        let start = tokio::time::Instant::now();
+
+        info!("Scheduling reboot for '{node_name}'");
+        let reboot_cmd =
+            "echo rebooting ; nohup bash -c 'sleep 5 && nsenter -t 1 -m -- systemctl reboot'";
+        match self
+            .run_privileged_command_on_node(node_name, reboot_cmd)
+            .await
+        {
+            Ok(_) => debug!("Reboot command dispatched"),
+            Err(e) => debug!("Reboot command error (expected if node began shutdown): {e}"),
+        }
+
+        info!("Waiting for '{node_name}' to begin shutdown");
+        self.wait_for_node_not_ready(node_name, timeout.saturating_sub(start.elapsed()))
+            .await?;
+
+        if start.elapsed() > timeout {
+            return Err(Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                "Timeout during reboot of '{node_name}' (shutdown phase)"
+            ))));
+        }
+
+        info!("Waiting for '{node_name}' to come back online");
+        self.wait_for_node_ready_with_timeout(node_name, timeout.saturating_sub(start.elapsed()))
+            .await?;
+
+        if start.elapsed() > timeout {
+            return Err(Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                "Timeout during reboot of '{node_name}' (ready phase)"
+            ))));
+        }
+
+        let boot_id_after = node_api
+            .get(node_name)
+            .await?
+            .status
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|s| s.node_info.as_ref())
+            .map(|ni| ni.boot_id.clone())
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                    "Node '{node_name}' has no boot_id after reboot"
+                )))
+            })?;
+
+        if boot_id_before == boot_id_after {
+            return Err(Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                "Node '{node_name}' did not actually reboot (boot_id unchanged: {boot_id_before})"
+            ))));
+        }
+
+        info!("'{node_name}' rebooted ({boot_id_before} → {boot_id_after})");
+        self.uncordon_node(node_name).await?;
+        info!("'{node_name}' reboot complete ({:?})", start.elapsed());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Write a set of files to a node's filesystem via a privileged ephemeral pod.
+    pub async fn write_files_to_node(
+        &self,
+        node_name: &str,
+        files: &[NodeFile],
+    ) -> Result<String, Error> {
+        let ns = self.client.default_namespace();
+        let suffix = SystemTime::now()
+            .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+            .unwrap()
+            .as_millis();
+        let name = format!("harmony-k8s-writer-{suffix}");
+
+        debug!("Writing {} file(s) to '{node_name}'", files.len());
+
+        let mut data = BTreeMap::new();
+        let mut script = String::from("set -e\n");
+        for (i, file) in files.iter().enumerate() {
+            let key = format!("f{i}");
+            data.insert(key.clone(), file.content.clone());
+            script.push_str(&format!("mkdir -p \"$(dirname \"/host{}\")\"\n", file.path));
+            script.push_str(&format!("cp \"/payload/{key}\" \"/host{}\"\n", file.path));
+            script.push_str(&format!("chmod {:o} \"/host{}\"\n", file.mode, file.path));
+        }
+
+        let cm = ConfigMap {
+            metadata: ObjectMeta {
+                name: Some(name.clone()),
+                namespace: Some(ns.to_string()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            data: Some(data),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+
+        let cm_api: Api<ConfigMap> = Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns);
+        cm_api.create(&PostParams::default(), &cm).await?;
+        debug!("Created ConfigMap '{name}'");
+
+        let (host_vol, host_mount) = helper::host_root_volume();
+        let payload_vol = Volume {
+            name: "payload".to_string(),
+            config_map: Some(ConfigMapVolumeSource {
+                name: name.clone(),
+                ..Default::default()
+            }),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let payload_mount = VolumeMount {
+            name: "payload".to_string(),
+            mount_path: "/payload".to_string(),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+
+        let bundle = helper::build_privileged_bundle(
+            PrivilegedPodConfig {
+                name: name.clone(),
+                namespace: ns.to_string(),
+                node_name: node_name.to_string(),
+                container_name: "writer".to_string(),
+                command: vec!["/bin/bash".to_string(), "-c".to_string(), script],
+                volumes: vec![payload_vol, host_vol],
+                volume_mounts: vec![payload_mount, host_mount],
+                host_pid: false,
+                host_network: false,
+            },
+            &self.get_k8s_distribution().await?,
+        );
+
+        bundle.apply(self).await?;
+        debug!("Created privileged pod bundle '{name}'");
+
+        let result = self.wait_for_pod_completion(&name, ns).await;
+
+        debug!("Cleaning up '{name}'");
+        let _ = bundle.delete(self).await;
+        let _ = cm_api.delete(&name, &DeleteParams::default()).await;
+
+        result
+    }
+
+    /// Run a privileged command on a node via an ephemeral pod.
+    pub async fn run_privileged_command_on_node(
+        &self,
+        node_name: &str,
+        command: &str,
+    ) -> Result<String, Error> {
+        let namespace = self.client.default_namespace();
+        let suffix = SystemTime::now()
+            .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+            .unwrap()
+            .as_millis();
+        let name = format!("harmony-k8s-cmd-{suffix}");
+
+        debug!("Running privileged command on '{node_name}': {command}");
+
+        let (host_vol, host_mount) = helper::host_root_volume();
+        let bundle = helper::build_privileged_bundle(
+            PrivilegedPodConfig {
+                name: name.clone(),
+                namespace: namespace.to_string(),
+                node_name: node_name.to_string(),
+                container_name: "runner".to_string(),
+                command: vec![
+                    "/bin/bash".to_string(),
+                    "-c".to_string(),
+                    command.to_string(),
+                ],
+                volumes: vec![host_vol],
+                volume_mounts: vec![host_mount],
+                host_pid: true,
+                host_network: true,
+            },
+            &self.get_k8s_distribution().await?,
+        );
+
+        bundle.apply(self).await?;
+        debug!("Privileged pod '{name}' created");
+
+        let result = self.wait_for_pod_completion(&name, namespace).await;
+
+        debug!("Cleaning up '{name}'");
+        let _ = bundle.delete(self).await;
+
+        result
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Tests ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use k8s_openapi::api::core::v1::{EmptyDirVolumeSource, PodSpec, PodStatus, Volume};
+    use k8s_openapi::apimachinery::pkg::apis::meta::v1::{ObjectMeta, OwnerReference};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn base_pod(name: &str, ns: &str) -> Pod {
+        Pod {
+            metadata: ObjectMeta {
+                name: Some(name.to_string()),
+                namespace: Some(ns.to_string()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            spec: Some(PodSpec::default()),
+            status: Some(PodStatus {
+                phase: Some("Running".to_string()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            }),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn mirror_pod(name: &str, ns: &str) -> Pod {
+        let mut pod = base_pod(name, ns);
+        pod.metadata.annotations = Some(std::collections::BTreeMap::from([(
+            "kubernetes.io/config.mirror".to_string(),
+            "abc123".to_string(),
+        )]));
+        pod
+    }
+
+    fn daemonset_pod(name: &str, ns: &str) -> Pod {
+        let mut pod = base_pod(name, ns);
+        pod.metadata.owner_references = Some(vec![OwnerReference {
+            api_version: "apps/v1".to_string(),
+            kind: "DaemonSet".to_string(),
+            name: "some-ds".to_string(),
+            uid: "uid-ds".to_string(),
+            ..Default::default()
+        }]);
+        pod
+    }
+
+    fn emptydir_pod(name: &str, ns: &str) -> Pod {
+        let mut pod = base_pod(name, ns);
+        pod.spec = Some(PodSpec {
+            volumes: Some(vec![Volume {
+                name: "scratch".to_string(),
+                empty_dir: Some(EmptyDirVolumeSource::default()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            }]),
+            ..Default::default()
+        });
+        pod
+    }
+
+    fn completed_pod(name: &str, ns: &str, phase: &str) -> Pod {
+        let mut pod = base_pod(name, ns);
+        pod.status = Some(PodStatus {
+            phase: Some(phase.to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        });
+        pod
+    }
+
+    fn default_opts() -> DrainOptions {
+        DrainOptions::default()
+    }
+
+    // All test bodies are identical to the original — only the module path changed.
+
+    #[test]
+    fn empty_pod_list_returns_empty_vecs() {
+        let (e, s) = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&[], &default_opts()).unwrap();
+        assert!(e.is_empty());
+        assert!(s.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normal_pod_is_evictable() {
+        let pods = vec![base_pod("web", "default")];
+        let (e, s) = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, &default_opts()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(e.len(), 1);
+        assert!(s.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mirror_pod_is_skipped() {
+        let pods = vec![mirror_pod("kube-apiserver", "kube-system")];
+        let (e, s) = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, &default_opts()).unwrap();
+        assert!(e.is_empty());
+        assert!(s[0].contains("mirror pod"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn completed_pods_are_skipped() {
+        for phase in ["Succeeded", "Failed"] {
+            let pods = vec![completed_pod("job", "batch", phase)];
+            let (e, s) = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, &default_opts()).unwrap();
+            assert!(e.is_empty());
+            assert!(s[0].contains("completed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn daemonset_skipped_when_ignored() {
+        let pods = vec![daemonset_pod("fluentd", "logging")];
+        let opts = DrainOptions {
+            ignore_daemonsets: true,
+            ..default_opts()
+        };
+        let (e, s) = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, &opts).unwrap();
+        assert!(e.is_empty());
+        assert!(s[0].contains("DaemonSet-managed"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn daemonset_blocks_when_not_ignored() {
+        let pods = vec![daemonset_pod("fluentd", "logging")];
+        let opts = DrainOptions {
+            ignore_daemonsets: false,
+            ..default_opts()
+        };
+        let err = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, &opts).unwrap_err();
+        assert!(err.contains("DaemonSet") && err.contains("logging/fluentd"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn emptydir_blocks_without_flag() {
+        let pods = vec![emptydir_pod("cache", "default")];
+        let opts = DrainOptions {
+            delete_emptydir_data: false,
+            ..default_opts()
+        };
+        let err = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, &opts).unwrap_err();
+        assert!(err.contains("emptyDir") && err.contains("default/cache"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn emptydir_evictable_with_flag() {
+        let pods = vec![emptydir_pod("cache", "default")];
+        let opts = DrainOptions {
+            delete_emptydir_data: true,
+            ..default_opts()
+        };
+        let (e, s) = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, &opts).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(e.len(), 1);
+        assert!(s.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn multiple_blocking_all_reported() {
+        let pods = vec![daemonset_pod("ds", "ns1"), emptydir_pod("ed", "ns2")];
+        let opts = DrainOptions {
+            ignore_daemonsets: false,
+            delete_emptydir_data: false,
+            ..default_opts()
+        };
+        let err = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, &opts).unwrap_err();
+        assert!(err.contains("ns1/ds") && err.contains("ns2/ed"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mixed_pods_classified_correctly() {
+        let pods = vec![
+            base_pod("web", "default"),
+            mirror_pod("kube-apiserver", "kube-system"),
+            daemonset_pod("fluentd", "logging"),
+            completed_pod("job", "batch", "Succeeded"),
+            base_pod("api", "default"),
+        ];
+        let (e, s) = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&pods, &default_opts()).unwrap();
+        let names: Vec<&str> = e
+            .iter()
+            .map(|p| p.metadata.name.as_deref().unwrap())
+            .collect();
+        assert_eq!(names, vec!["web", "api"]);
+        assert_eq!(s.len(), 3);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mirror_checked_before_completed() {
+        let mut pod = mirror_pod("static-etcd", "kube-system");
+        pod.status = Some(PodStatus {
+            phase: Some("Succeeded".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        });
+        let (_, s) = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&[pod], &default_opts()).unwrap();
+        assert!(s[0].contains("mirror pod"), "got: {}", s[0]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn completed_checked_before_daemonset() {
+        let mut pod = daemonset_pod("collector", "monitoring");
+        pod.status = Some(PodStatus {
+            phase: Some("Failed".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        });
+        let (_, s) = K8sClient::classify_pods_for_drain(&[pod], &default_opts()).unwrap();
+        assert!(s[0].contains("completed"), "got: {}", s[0]);
+    }
+}

harmony-k8s/src/pod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use k8s_openapi::api::core::v1::Pod;
+use kube::{
+    Error,
+    api::{Api, AttachParams, ListParams},
+    error::DiscoveryError,
+    runtime::reflector::Lookup,
+};
+use log::debug;
+use tokio::io::AsyncReadExt;
+use tokio::time::sleep;
+
+use crate::client::K8sClient;
+
+impl K8sClient {
+    pub async fn get_pod(&self, name: &str, namespace: Option<&str>) -> Result<Option<Pod>, Error> {
+        let api: Api<Pod> = match namespace {
+            Some(ns) => Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns),
+            None => Api::default_namespaced(self.client.clone()),
+        };
+        api.get_opt(name).await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn wait_for_pod_ready(
+        &self,
+        pod_name: &str,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let mut elapsed = 0u64;
+        let interval = 5u64;
+        let timeout_secs = 120u64;
+        loop {
+            if let Some(p) = self.get_pod(pod_name, namespace).await? {
+                if let Some(phase) = p.status.and_then(|s| s.phase) {
+                    if phase.to_lowercase() == "running" {
+                        return Ok(());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if elapsed >= timeout_secs {
+                return Err(Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                    "Pod '{}' in '{}' did not become ready within {timeout_secs}s",
+                    pod_name,
+                    namespace.unwrap_or("<default>"),
+                ))));
+            }
+            sleep(Duration::from_secs(interval)).await;
+            elapsed += interval;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Polls a pod until it reaches `Succeeded` or `Failed`, then returns its
+    /// logs.  Used internally by node operations.
+    pub(crate) async fn wait_for_pod_completion(
+        &self,
+        name: &str,
+        namespace: &str,
+    ) -> Result<String, Error> {
+        let api: Api<Pod> = Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), namespace);
+        let poll_interval = Duration::from_secs(2);
+        for _ in 0..60 {
+            sleep(poll_interval).await;
+            let p = api.get(name).await?;
+            match p.status.and_then(|s| s.phase).as_deref() {
+                Some("Succeeded") => {
+                    let logs = api
+                        .logs(name, &Default::default())
+                        .await
+                        .unwrap_or_default();
+                    debug!("Pod {namespace}/{name} succeeded. Logs: {logs}");
+                    return Ok(logs);
+                }
+                Some("Failed") => {
+                    let logs = api
+                        .logs(name, &Default::default())
+                        .await
+                        .unwrap_or_default();
+                    debug!("Pod {namespace}/{name} failed. Logs: {logs}");
+                    return Err(Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+                        "Pod '{name}' failed.\n{logs}"
+                    ))));
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+        Err(Error::Discovery(DiscoveryError::MissingResource(format!(
+            "Timed out waiting for pod '{name}'"
+        ))))
+    }
+
+    /// Execute a command in the first pod matching `{label}={name}`.
+    pub async fn exec_app_capture_output(
+        &self,
+        name: String,
+        label: String,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+        command: Vec<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<String, String> {
+        let api: Api<Pod> = match namespace {
+            Some(ns) => Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns),
+            None => Api::default_namespaced(self.client.clone()),
+        };
+        let pod_list = api
+            .list(&ListParams::default().labels(&format!("{label}={name}")))
+            .await
+            .expect("Failed to list pods");
+
+        let pod_name = pod_list
+            .items
+            .first()
+            .expect("No matching pod")
+            .name()
+            .expect("Pod has no name")
+            .into_owned();
+
+        match api
+            .exec(
+                &pod_name,
+                command,
+                &AttachParams::default().stdout(true).stderr(true),
+            )
+            .await
+        {
+            Err(e) => Err(e.to_string()),
+            Ok(mut process) => {
+                let status = process
+                    .take_status()
+                    .expect("No status handle")
+                    .await
+                    .expect("Status channel closed");
+
+                if let Some(s) = status.status {
+                    let mut buf = String::new();
+                    if let Some(mut stdout) = process.stdout() {
+                        stdout
+                            .read_to_string(&mut buf)
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to read stdout: {e}"))?;
+                    }
+                    debug!("exec status: {} - {:?}", s, status.details);
+                    if s == "Success" { Ok(buf) } else { Err(s) }
+                } else {
+                    Err("No inner status from pod exec".to_string())
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Execute a command in the first pod matching
+    /// `app.kubernetes.io/name={name}`.
+    pub async fn exec_app(
+        &self,
+        name: String,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+        command: Vec<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let api: Api<Pod> = match namespace {
+            Some(ns) => Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns),
+            None => Api::default_namespaced(self.client.clone()),
+        };
+        let pod_list = api
+            .list(&ListParams::default().labels(&format!("app.kubernetes.io/name={name}")))
+            .await
+            .expect("Failed to list pods");
+
+        let pod_name = pod_list
+            .items
+            .first()
+            .expect("No matching pod")
+            .name()
+            .expect("Pod has no name")
+            .into_owned();
+
+        match api.exec(&pod_name, command, &AttachParams::default()).await {
+            Err(e) => Err(e.to_string()),
+            Ok(mut process) => {
+                let status = process
+                    .take_status()
+                    .expect("No status handle")
+                    .await
+                    .expect("Status channel closed");
+
+                if let Some(s) = status.status {
+                    debug!("exec status: {} - {:?}", s, status.details);
+                    if s == "Success" { Ok(()) } else { Err(s) }
+                } else {
+                    Err("No inner status from pod exec".to_string())
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

harmony-k8s/src/resources.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use k8s_openapi::api::{
+    apps::v1::Deployment,
+    core::v1::{Node, ServiceAccount},
+};
+use k8s_openapi::apiextensions_apiserver::pkg::apis::apiextensions::v1::CustomResourceDefinition;
+use kube::api::ApiResource;
+use kube::{
+    Error, Resource,
+    api::{Api, DynamicObject, GroupVersionKind, ListParams, ObjectList},
+    runtime::conditions,
+    runtime::wait::await_condition,
+};
+use log::debug;
+use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
+use serde_json::Value;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use crate::client::K8sClient;
+use crate::types::ScopeResolver;
+
+impl K8sClient {
+    pub async fn has_healthy_deployment_with_label(
+        &self,
+        namespace: &str,
+        label_selector: &str,
+    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
+        let api: Api<Deployment> = Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), namespace);
+        let list = api
+            .list(&ListParams::default().labels(label_selector))
+            .await?;
+        for d in list.items {
+            let available = d
+                .status
+                .as_ref()
+                .and_then(|s| s.available_replicas)
+                .unwrap_or(0);
+            if available > 0 {
+                return Ok(true);
+            }
+            if let Some(conds) = d.status.as_ref().and_then(|s| s.conditions.as_ref()) {
+                if conds
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|c| c.type_ == "Available" && c.status == "True")
+                {
+                    return Ok(true);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(false)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn list_namespaces_with_healthy_deployments(
+        &self,
+        label_selector: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<String>, Error> {
+        let api: Api<Deployment> = Api::all(self.client.clone());
+        let list = api
+            .list(&ListParams::default().labels(label_selector))
+            .await?;
+
+        let mut healthy_ns: HashMap<String, bool> = HashMap::new();
+        for d in list.items {
+            let ns = match d.metadata.namespace.clone() {
+                Some(n) => n,
+                None => continue,
+            };
+            let available = d
+                .status
+                .as_ref()
+                .and_then(|s| s.available_replicas)
+                .unwrap_or(0);
+            let is_healthy = if available > 0 {
+                true
+            } else {
+                d.status
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .and_then(|s| s.conditions.as_ref())
+                    .map(|c| {
+                        c.iter()
+                            .any(|c| c.type_ == "Available" && c.status == "True")
+                    })
+                    .unwrap_or(false)
+            };
+            if is_healthy {
+                healthy_ns.insert(ns, true);
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(healthy_ns.into_keys().collect())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn get_controller_service_account_name(
+        &self,
+        ns: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<String>, Error> {
+        let api: Api<Deployment> = Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns);
+        let list = api
+            .list(&ListParams::default().labels("app.kubernetes.io/component=controller"))
+            .await?;
+        if let Some(dep) = list.items.first() {
+            if let Some(sa) = dep
+                .spec
+                .as_ref()
+                .and_then(|s| s.template.spec.as_ref())
+                .and_then(|s| s.service_account_name.clone())
+            {
+                return Ok(Some(sa));
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn list_clusterrolebindings_json(&self) -> Result<Vec<Value>, Error> {
+        let gvk = GroupVersionKind::gvk("rbac.authorization.k8s.io", "v1", "ClusterRoleBinding");
+        let ar = ApiResource::from_gvk(&gvk);
+        let api: Api<DynamicObject> = Api::all_with(self.client.clone(), &ar);
+        let list = api.list(&ListParams::default()).await?;
+        Ok(list
+            .items
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|o| serde_json::to_value(&o).unwrap_or(Value::Null))
+            .collect())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn is_service_account_cluster_wide(&self, sa: &str, ns: &str) -> Result<bool, Error> {
+        let sa_user = format!("system:serviceaccount:{ns}:{sa}");
+        for crb in self.list_clusterrolebindings_json().await? {
+            if let Some(subjects) = crb.get("subjects").and_then(|s| s.as_array()) {
+                for subj in subjects {
+                    let kind = subj.get("kind").and_then(|v| v.as_str()).unwrap_or("");
+                    let name = subj.get("name").and_then(|v| v.as_str()).unwrap_or("");
+                    let subj_ns = subj.get("namespace").and_then(|v| v.as_str()).unwrap_or("");
+                    if (kind == "ServiceAccount" && name == sa && subj_ns == ns)
+                        || (kind == "User" && name == sa_user)
+                    {
+                        return Ok(true);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(false)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn has_crd(&self, name: &str) -> Result<bool, Error> {
+        let api: Api<CustomResourceDefinition> = Api::all(self.client.clone());
+        let crds = api
+            .list(&ListParams::default().fields(&format!("metadata.name={name}")))
+            .await?;
+        Ok(!crds.items.is_empty())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn service_account_api(&self, namespace: &str) -> Api<ServiceAccount> {
+        Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), namespace)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn get_resource_json_value(
+        &self,
+        name: &str,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+        gvk: &GroupVersionKind,
+    ) -> Result<DynamicObject, Error> {
+        let ar = ApiResource::from_gvk(gvk);
+        let api: Api<DynamicObject> = match namespace {
+            Some(ns) => Api::namespaced_with(self.client.clone(), ns, &ar),
+            None => Api::default_namespaced_with(self.client.clone(), &ar),
+        };
+        api.get(name).await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn get_secret_json_value(
+        &self,
+        name: &str,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<DynamicObject, Error> {
+        self.get_resource_json_value(
+            name,
+            namespace,
+            &GroupVersionKind {
+                group: String::new(),
+                version: "v1".to_string(),
+                kind: "Secret".to_string(),
+            },
+        )
+        .await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn get_deployment(
+        &self,
+        name: &str,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<Option<Deployment>, Error> {
+        let api: Api<Deployment> = match namespace {
+            Some(ns) => {
+                debug!("Getting namespaced deployment '{name}' in '{ns}'");
+                Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns)
+            }
+            None => {
+                debug!("Getting deployment '{name}' in default namespace");
+                Api::default_namespaced(self.client.clone())
+            }
+        };
+        api.get_opt(name).await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn scale_deployment(
+        &self,
+        name: &str,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+        replicas: u32,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let api: Api<Deployment> = match namespace {
+            Some(ns) => Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns),
+            None => Api::default_namespaced(self.client.clone()),
+        };
+        use kube::api::{Patch, PatchParams};
+        use serde_json::json;
+        let patch = json!({ "spec": { "replicas": replicas } });
+        api.patch_scale(name, &PatchParams::default(), &Patch::Merge(&patch))
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn delete_deployment(
+        &self,
+        name: &str,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let api: Api<Deployment> = match namespace {
+            Some(ns) => Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns),
+            None => Api::default_namespaced(self.client.clone()),
+        };
+        api.delete(name, &kube::api::DeleteParams::default())
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn wait_until_deployment_ready(
+        &self,
+        name: &str,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+        timeout: Option<Duration>,
+    ) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let api: Api<Deployment> = match namespace {
+            Some(ns) => Api::namespaced(self.client.clone(), ns),
+            None => Api::default_namespaced(self.client.clone()),
+        };
+        let timeout = timeout.unwrap_or(Duration::from_secs(120));
+        let establish = await_condition(api, name, conditions::is_deployment_completed());
+        tokio::time::timeout(timeout, establish)
+            .await
+            .map(|_| ())
+            .map_err(|_| "Timed out waiting for deployment".to_string())
+    }
+
+    /// Gets a single named resource, using the correct API scope for `K`.
+    pub async fn get_resource<K>(
+        &self,
+        name: &str,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<Option<K>, Error>
+    where
+        K: Resource + Clone + std::fmt::Debug + DeserializeOwned,
+        <K as Resource>::Scope: ScopeResolver<K>,
+        <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+    {
+        let api: Api<K> =
+            <<K as Resource>::Scope as ScopeResolver<K>>::get_api(&self.client, namespace);
+        api.get_opt(name).await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn list_resources<K>(
+        &self,
+        namespace: Option<&str>,
+        list_params: Option<ListParams>,
+    ) -> Result<ObjectList<K>, Error>
+    where
+        K: Resource + Clone + std::fmt::Debug + DeserializeOwned,
+        <K as Resource>::Scope: ScopeResolver<K>,
+        <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+    {
+        let api: Api<K> =
+            <<K as Resource>::Scope as ScopeResolver<K>>::get_api(&self.client, namespace);
+        api.list(&list_params.unwrap_or_default()).await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn list_all_resources_with_labels<K>(&self, labels: &str) -> Result<Vec<K>, Error>
+    where
+        K: Resource + Clone + std::fmt::Debug + DeserializeOwned,
+        <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+    {
+        Api::<K>::all(self.client.clone())
+            .list(&ListParams::default().labels(labels))
+            .await
+            .map(|l| l.items)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn get_all_resource_in_all_namespace<K>(&self) -> Result<Vec<K>, Error>
+    where
+        K: Resource + Clone + std::fmt::Debug + DeserializeOwned,
+        <K as Resource>::Scope: ScopeResolver<K>,
+        <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+    {
+        Api::<K>::all(self.client.clone())
+            .list(&Default::default())
+            .await
+            .map(|l| l.items)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn get_nodes(
+        &self,
+        list_params: Option<ListParams>,
+    ) -> Result<ObjectList<Node>, Error> {
+        self.list_resources(None, list_params).await
+    }
+}

harmony-k8s/src/types.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use k8s_openapi::{ClusterResourceScope, NamespaceResourceScope};
+use kube::{Api, Client, Resource};
+use serde::Serialize;
+
+/// Which Kubernetes distribution is running. Detected once at runtime via
+/// [`crate::discovery::K8sClient::get_k8s_distribution`].
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+pub enum KubernetesDistribution {
+    Default,
+    OpenshiftFamily,
+    K3sFamily,
+}
+
+/// A file to be written to a node's filesystem.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct NodeFile {
+    /// Absolute path on the host where the file should be written.
+    pub path: String,
+    /// Content of the file.
+    pub content: String,
+    /// UNIX permissions (e.g. `0o600`).
+    pub mode: u32,
+}
+
+/// Options controlling the behaviour of a [`crate::K8sClient::drain_node`] operation.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct DrainOptions {
+    /// Evict pods that use `emptyDir` volumes (ephemeral data is lost).
+    /// Equivalent to `kubectl drain --delete-emptydir-data`.
+    pub delete_emptydir_data: bool,
+    /// Silently skip DaemonSet-managed pods instead of blocking the drain.
+    /// Equivalent to `kubectl drain --ignore-daemonsets`.
+    pub ignore_daemonsets: bool,
+    /// Maximum wall-clock time to wait for all evictions to complete.
+    pub timeout: Duration,
+}
+
+impl Default for DrainOptions {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            delete_emptydir_data: false,
+            ignore_daemonsets: true,
+            timeout: Duration::from_secs(1),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl DrainOptions {
+    pub fn default_ignore_daemonset_delete_emptydir_data() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            delete_emptydir_data: true,
+            ignore_daemonsets: true,
+            ..Self::default()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Controls how [`crate::K8sClient::apply_with_strategy`] behaves when the
+/// resource already exists (or does not).
+pub enum WriteMode {
+    /// Server-side apply; create if absent, update if present (default).
+    CreateOrUpdate,
+    /// POST only; return an error if the resource already exists.
+    Create,
+    /// Server-side apply only; return an error if the resource does not exist.
+    Update,
+}
+
+// ── Scope resolution trait ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Resolves the correct [`kube::Api`] for a resource type based on its scope
+/// (cluster-wide vs. namespace-scoped).
+pub trait ScopeResolver<K: Resource> {
+    fn get_api(client: &Client, ns: Option<&str>) -> Api<K>;
+}
+
+impl<K> ScopeResolver<K> for ClusterResourceScope
+where
+    K: Resource<Scope = ClusterResourceScope>,
+    <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+{
+    fn get_api(client: &Client, _ns: Option<&str>) -> Api<K> {
+        Api::all(client.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<K> ScopeResolver<K> for NamespaceResourceScope
+where
+    K: Resource<Scope = NamespaceResourceScope>,
+    <K as Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
+{
+    fn get_api(client: &Client, ns: Option<&str>) -> Api<K> {
+        match ns {
+            Some(ns) => Api::namespaced(client.clone(), ns),
+            None => Api::default_namespaced(client.clone()),
+        }
+    }
+}

harmony/Cargo.toml

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ semver = "1.0.23"
 serde.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true
 tokio.workspace = true
+tokio-retry.workspace = true
+tokio-util.workspace = true
 derive-new.workspace = true
 log.workspace = true
 env_logger.workspace = true
@@ -31,6 +33,7 @@ opnsense-config-xml = { path = "../opnsense-config-xml" }
 harmony_macros = { path = "../harmony_macros" }
 harmony_types = { path = "../harmony_types" }
 harmony_execution = { path = "../harmony_execution" }
+harmony-k8s = { path = "../harmony-k8s" }
 uuid.workspace = true
 url.workspace = true
 kube = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
@@ -60,7 +63,6 @@ temp-dir = "0.1.14"
 dyn-clone = "1.0.19"
 similar.workspace = true
 futures-util = "0.3.31"
-tokio-util = "0.7.15"
 strum = { version = "0.27.1", features = ["derive"] }
 tempfile.workspace = true
 serde_with = "3.14.0"
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ sqlx.workspace = true
 inquire.workspace = true
 brocade = { path = "../brocade" }
 option-ext = "0.2.0"
-tokio-retry = "0.3.0"
+rand.workspace = true
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 pretty_assertions.workspace = true

harmony/src/domain/interpret/mod.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ use std::error::Error;
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use derive_new::new;
 
-use crate::inventory::HostRole;
-
 use super::{
     data::Version, executors::ExecutorError, inventory::Inventory, topology::PreparationError,
 };

harmony/src/domain/topology/ha_cluster.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
+use harmony_k8s::K8sClient;
 use harmony_macros::ip;
 use harmony_types::{
     id::Id,
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ use harmony_types::{
 use log::debug;
 use log::info;
 
-use crate::topology::PxeOptions;
+use crate::topology::{HelmCommand, PxeOptions};
 use crate::{data::FileContent, executors::ExecutorError, topology::node_exporter::NodeExporter};
 use crate::{infra::network_manager::OpenShiftNmStateNetworkManager, topology::PortConfig};
 
@@ -16,9 +17,12 @@ use super::{
     DHCPStaticEntry, DhcpServer, DnsRecord, DnsRecordType, DnsServer, Firewall, HostNetworkConfig,
     HttpServer, IpAddress, K8sclient, LoadBalancer, LoadBalancerService, LogicalHost, NetworkError,
     NetworkManager, PreparationError, PreparationOutcome, Router, Switch, SwitchClient,
-    SwitchError, TftpServer, Topology, k8s::K8sClient,
+    SwitchError, TftpServer, Topology,
+};
+use std::{
+    process::Command,
+    sync::{Arc, OnceLock},
 };
-use std::sync::{Arc, OnceLock};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct HAClusterTopology {
@@ -52,6 +56,30 @@ impl Topology for HAClusterTopology {
     }
 }
 
+impl HelmCommand for HAClusterTopology {
+    fn get_helm_command(&self) -> Command {
+        let mut cmd = Command::new("helm");
+        if let Some(k) = &self.kubeconfig {
+            cmd.args(["--kubeconfig", k]);
+        }
+
+        // FIXME we should support context anywhere there is a k8sclient
+        // This likely belongs in the k8sclient itself and should be extracted to a separate
+        // crate
+        //
+        // I feel like helm could very well be a feature of this external k8s client.
+        //
+        // Same for kustomize
+        //
+        // if let Some(c) = &self.k8s_context {
+        //     cmd.args(["--kube-context", c]);
+        // }
+
+        info!("Using helm command {cmd:?}");
+        cmd
+    }
+}
+
 #[async_trait]
 impl K8sclient for HAClusterTopology {
     async fn k8s_client(&self) -> Result<Arc<K8sClient>, String> {

harmony/src/domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/k8s_anywhere.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
-use std::{collections::BTreeMap, process::Command, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
+use std::{collections::BTreeMap, process::Command, sync::Arc};
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use base64::{Engine, engine::general_purpose};
+use harmony_k8s::{K8sClient, KubernetesDistribution};
 use harmony_types::rfc1123::Rfc1123Name;
 use k8s_openapi::api::{
     core::v1::{Pod, Secret},
     rbac::v1::{ClusterRoleBinding, RoleRef, Subject},
 };
-use kube::api::{DynamicObject, GroupVersionKind, ObjectMeta};
+use kube::api::{GroupVersionKind, ObjectMeta};
 use log::{debug, info, trace, warn};
 use serde::Serialize;
 use tokio::sync::OnceCell;
@@ -28,28 +29,7 @@ use crate::{
             score_cert_management::CertificateManagementScore,
         },
         k3d::K3DInstallationScore,
-        k8s::ingress::{K8sIngressScore, PathType},
-        monitoring::{
-            grafana::{grafana::Grafana, helm::helm_grafana::grafana_helm_chart_score},
-            kube_prometheus::crd::{
-                crd_alertmanager_config::CRDPrometheus,
-                crd_grafana::{
-                    Grafana as GrafanaCRD, GrafanaCom, GrafanaDashboard,
-                    GrafanaDashboardDatasource, GrafanaDashboardSpec, GrafanaDatasource,
-                    GrafanaDatasourceConfig, GrafanaDatasourceJsonData,
-                    GrafanaDatasourceSecureJsonData, GrafanaDatasourceSpec, GrafanaSpec,
-                },
-                crd_prometheuses::LabelSelector,
-                prometheus_operator::prometheus_operator_helm_chart_score,
-                rhob_alertmanager_config::RHOBObservability,
-                service_monitor::ServiceMonitor,
-            },
-        },
         okd::{crd::ingresses_config::Ingress as IngressResource, route::OKDTlsPassthroughScore},
-        prometheus::{
-            k8s_prometheus_alerting_score::K8sPrometheusCRDAlertingScore,
-            prometheus::PrometheusMonitoring, rhob_alerting_score::RHOBAlertingScore,
-        },
     },
     score::Score,
     topology::{TlsRoute, TlsRouter, ingress::Ingress},
@@ -58,8 +38,6 @@ use crate::{
 use super::super::{
     DeploymentTarget, HelmCommand, K8sclient, MultiTargetTopology, PreparationError,
     PreparationOutcome, Topology,
-    k8s::K8sClient,
-    oberservability::monitoring::AlertReceiver,
     tenant::{
         TenantConfig, TenantManager,
         k8s::K8sTenantManager,
@@ -76,13 +54,6 @@ struct K8sState {
     message: String,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
-pub enum KubernetesDistribution {
-    OpenshiftFamily,
-    K3sFamily,
-    Default,
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 enum K8sSource {
     LocalK3d,
@@ -173,216 +144,6 @@ impl TlsRouter for K8sAnywhereTopology {
     }
 }
 
-#[async_trait]
-impl Grafana for K8sAnywhereTopology {
-    async fn ensure_grafana_operator(
-        &self,
-        inventory: &Inventory,
-    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
-        debug!("ensure grafana operator");
-        let client = self.k8s_client().await.unwrap();
-        let grafana_gvk = GroupVersionKind {
-            group: "grafana.integreatly.org".to_string(),
-            version: "v1beta1".to_string(),
-            kind: "Grafana".to_string(),
-        };
-        let name = "grafanas.grafana.integreatly.org";
-        let ns = "grafana";
-
-        let grafana_crd = client
-            .get_resource_json_value(name, Some(ns), &grafana_gvk)
-            .await;
-        match grafana_crd {
-            Ok(_) => {
-                return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
-                    details: "Found grafana CRDs in cluster".to_string(),
-                });
-            }
-
-            Err(_) => {
-                return self
-                    .install_grafana_operator(inventory, Some("grafana"))
-                    .await;
-            }
-        };
-    }
-    async fn install_grafana(&self) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
-        let ns = "grafana";
-
-        let mut label = BTreeMap::new();
-
-        label.insert("dashboards".to_string(), "grafana".to_string());
-
-        let label_selector = LabelSelector {
-            match_labels: label.clone(),
-            match_expressions: vec![],
-        };
-
-        let client = self.k8s_client().await?;
-
-        let grafana = self.build_grafana(ns, &label);
-
-        client.apply(&grafana, Some(ns)).await?;
-        //TODO change this to a ensure ready or something better than just a timeout
-        client
-            .wait_until_deployment_ready(
-                "grafana-grafana-deployment",
-                Some("grafana"),
-                Some(Duration::from_secs(30)),
-            )
-            .await?;
-
-        let sa_name = "grafana-grafana-sa";
-        let token_secret_name = "grafana-sa-token-secret";
-
-        let sa_token_secret = self.build_sa_token_secret(token_secret_name, sa_name, ns);
-
-        client.apply(&sa_token_secret, Some(ns)).await?;
-        let secret_gvk = GroupVersionKind {
-            group: "".to_string(),
-            version: "v1".to_string(),
-            kind: "Secret".to_string(),
-        };
-
-        let secret = client
-            .get_resource_json_value(token_secret_name, Some(ns), &secret_gvk)
-            .await?;
-
-        let token = format!(
-            "Bearer {}",
-            self.extract_and_normalize_token(&secret).unwrap()
-        );
-
-        debug!("creating grafana clusterrole binding");
-
-        let clusterrolebinding =
-            self.build_cluster_rolebinding(sa_name, "cluster-monitoring-view", ns);
-
-        client.apply(&clusterrolebinding, Some(ns)).await?;
-
-        debug!("creating grafana datasource crd");
-
-        let thanos_url = format!(
-            "https://{}",
-            self.get_domain("thanos-querier-openshift-monitoring")
-                .await
-                .unwrap()
-        );
-
-        let thanos_openshift_datasource = self.build_grafana_datasource(
-            "thanos-openshift-monitoring",
-            ns,
-            &label_selector,
-            &thanos_url,
-            &token,
-        );
-
-        client.apply(&thanos_openshift_datasource, Some(ns)).await?;
-
-        debug!("creating grafana dashboard crd");
-        let dashboard = self.build_grafana_dashboard(ns, &label_selector);
-
-        client.apply(&dashboard, Some(ns)).await?;
-        debug!("creating grafana ingress");
-        let grafana_ingress = self.build_grafana_ingress(ns).await;
-
-        grafana_ingress
-            .interpret(&Inventory::empty(), self)
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(e.to_string()))?;
-
-        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
-            details: "Installed grafana composants".to_string(),
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl PrometheusMonitoring<CRDPrometheus> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
-    async fn install_prometheus(
-        &self,
-        sender: &CRDPrometheus,
-        _inventory: &Inventory,
-        _receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<CRDPrometheus>>>>,
-    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
-        let client = self.k8s_client().await?;
-
-        for monitor in sender.service_monitor.iter() {
-            client
-                .apply(monitor, Some(&sender.namespace))
-                .await
-                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(e.to_string()))?;
-        }
-        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
-            details: "successfuly installed prometheus components".to_string(),
-        })
-    }
-
-    async fn ensure_prometheus_operator(
-        &self,
-        sender: &CRDPrometheus,
-        _inventory: &Inventory,
-    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
-        let po_result = self.ensure_prometheus_operator(sender).await?;
-
-        match po_result {
-            PreparationOutcome::Success { details: _ } => {
-                debug!("Detected prometheus crds operator present in cluster.");
-                return Ok(po_result);
-            }
-            PreparationOutcome::Noop => {
-                debug!("Skipping Prometheus CR installation due to missing operator.");
-                return Ok(po_result);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl PrometheusMonitoring<RHOBObservability> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
-    async fn install_prometheus(
-        &self,
-        sender: &RHOBObservability,
-        inventory: &Inventory,
-        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RHOBObservability>>>>,
-    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
-        let po_result = self.ensure_cluster_observability_operator(sender).await?;
-
-        if po_result == PreparationOutcome::Noop {
-            debug!("Skipping Prometheus CR installation due to missing operator.");
-            return Ok(po_result);
-        }
-
-        let result = self
-            .get_cluster_observability_operator_prometheus_application_score(
-                sender.clone(),
-                receivers,
-            )
-            .await
-            .interpret(inventory, self)
-            .await;
-
-        match result {
-            Ok(outcome) => match outcome.status {
-                InterpretStatus::SUCCESS => Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
-                    details: outcome.message,
-                }),
-                InterpretStatus::NOOP => Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
-                _ => Err(PreparationError::new(outcome.message)),
-            },
-            Err(err) => Err(PreparationError::new(err.to_string())),
-        }
-    }
-
-    async fn ensure_prometheus_operator(
-        &self,
-        sender: &RHOBObservability,
-        inventory: &Inventory,
-    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-}
-
 impl Serialize for K8sAnywhereTopology {
     fn serialize<S>(&self, _serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
     where
@@ -587,23 +348,6 @@ impl K8sAnywhereTopology {
         }
     }
 
-    fn extract_and_normalize_token(&self, secret: &DynamicObject) -> Option<String> {
-        let token_b64 = secret
-            .data
-            .get("token")
-            .or_else(|| secret.data.get("data").and_then(|d| d.get("token")))
-            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())?;
-
-        let bytes = general_purpose::STANDARD.decode(token_b64).ok()?;
-
-        let s = String::from_utf8(bytes).ok()?;
-
-        let cleaned = s
-            .trim_matches(|c: char| c.is_whitespace() || c == '\0')
-            .to_string();
-        Some(cleaned)
-    }
-
     pub async fn get_k8s_distribution(&self) -> Result<KubernetesDistribution, PreparationError> {
         self.k8s_client()
             .await?
@@ -663,141 +407,6 @@ impl K8sAnywhereTopology {
         }
     }
 
-    fn build_grafana_datasource(
-        &self,
-        name: &str,
-        ns: &str,
-        label_selector: &LabelSelector,
-        url: &str,
-        token: &str,
-    ) -> GrafanaDatasource {
-        let mut json_data = BTreeMap::new();
-        json_data.insert("timeInterval".to_string(), "5s".to_string());
-
-        GrafanaDatasource {
-            metadata: ObjectMeta {
-                name: Some(name.to_string()),
-                namespace: Some(ns.to_string()),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            spec: GrafanaDatasourceSpec {
-                instance_selector: label_selector.clone(),
-                allow_cross_namespace_import: Some(true),
-                values_from: None,
-                datasource: GrafanaDatasourceConfig {
-                    access: "proxy".to_string(),
-                    name: name.to_string(),
-                    r#type: "prometheus".to_string(),
-                    url: url.to_string(),
-                    database: None,
-                    json_data: Some(GrafanaDatasourceJsonData {
-                        time_interval: Some("60s".to_string()),
-                        http_header_name1: Some("Authorization".to_string()),
-                        tls_skip_verify: Some(true),
-                        oauth_pass_thru: Some(true),
-                    }),
-                    secure_json_data: Some(GrafanaDatasourceSecureJsonData {
-                        http_header_value1: Some(format!("Bearer {token}")),
-                    }),
-                    is_default: Some(false),
-                    editable: Some(true),
-                },
-            },
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn build_grafana_dashboard(
-        &self,
-        ns: &str,
-        label_selector: &LabelSelector,
-    ) -> GrafanaDashboard {
-        let graf_dashboard = GrafanaDashboard {
-            metadata: ObjectMeta {
-                name: Some(format!("grafana-dashboard-{}", ns)),
-                namespace: Some(ns.to_string()),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            spec: GrafanaDashboardSpec {
-                resync_period: Some("30s".to_string()),
-                instance_selector: label_selector.clone(),
-                datasources: Some(vec![GrafanaDashboardDatasource {
-                    input_name: "DS_PROMETHEUS".to_string(),
-                    datasource_name: "thanos-openshift-monitoring".to_string(),
-                }]),
-                json: None,
-                grafana_com: Some(GrafanaCom {
-                    id: 17406,
-                    revision: None,
-                }),
-            },
-        };
-        graf_dashboard
-    }
-
-    fn build_grafana(&self, ns: &str, labels: &BTreeMap<String, String>) -> GrafanaCRD {
-        let grafana = GrafanaCRD {
-            metadata: ObjectMeta {
-                name: Some(format!("grafana-{}", ns)),
-                namespace: Some(ns.to_string()),
-                labels: Some(labels.clone()),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            spec: GrafanaSpec {
-                config: None,
-                admin_user: None,
-                admin_password: None,
-                ingress: None,
-                persistence: None,
-                resources: None,
-            },
-        };
-        grafana
-    }
-
-    async fn build_grafana_ingress(&self, ns: &str) -> K8sIngressScore {
-        let domain = self.get_domain(&format!("grafana-{}", ns)).await.unwrap();
-        let name = format!("{}-grafana", ns);
-        let backend_service = format!("grafana-{}-service", ns);
-
-        K8sIngressScore {
-            name: fqdn::fqdn!(&name),
-            host: fqdn::fqdn!(&domain),
-            backend_service: fqdn::fqdn!(&backend_service),
-            port: 3000,
-            path: Some("/".to_string()),
-            path_type: Some(PathType::Prefix),
-            namespace: Some(fqdn::fqdn!(&ns)),
-            ingress_class_name: Some("openshift-default".to_string()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    async fn get_cluster_observability_operator_prometheus_application_score(
-        &self,
-        sender: RHOBObservability,
-        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RHOBObservability>>>>,
-    ) -> RHOBAlertingScore {
-        RHOBAlertingScore {
-            sender,
-            receivers: receivers.unwrap_or_default(),
-            service_monitors: vec![],
-            prometheus_rules: vec![],
-        }
-    }
-
-    async fn get_k8s_prometheus_application_score(
-        &self,
-        sender: CRDPrometheus,
-        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<CRDPrometheus>>>>,
-        service_monitors: Option<Vec<ServiceMonitor>>,
-    ) -> K8sPrometheusCRDAlertingScore {
-        return K8sPrometheusCRDAlertingScore {
-            sender,
-            receivers: receivers.unwrap_or_default(),
-            service_monitors: service_monitors.unwrap_or_default(),
-            prometheus_rules: vec![],
-        };
-    }
-
     async fn openshift_ingress_operator_available(&self) -> Result<(), PreparationError> {
         let client = self.k8s_client().await?;
         let gvk = GroupVersionKind {
@@ -963,137 +572,6 @@ impl K8sAnywhereTopology {
             )),
         }
     }
-
-    async fn ensure_cluster_observability_operator(
-        &self,
-        sender: &RHOBObservability,
-    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
-        let status = Command::new("sh")
-            .args(["-c", "kubectl get crd -A | grep -i rhobs"])
-            .status()
-            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("could not connect to cluster: {}", e)))?;
-
-        if !status.success() {
-            if let Some(Some(k8s_state)) = self.k8s_state.get() {
-                match k8s_state.source {
-                    K8sSource::LocalK3d => {
-                        warn!(
-                            "Installing observability operator is not supported on LocalK3d source"
-                        );
-                        return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop);
-                        debug!("installing cluster observability operator");
-                        todo!();
-                        let op_score =
-                            prometheus_operator_helm_chart_score(sender.namespace.clone());
-                        let result = op_score.interpret(&Inventory::empty(), self).await;
-
-                        return match result {
-                            Ok(outcome) => match outcome.status {
-                                InterpretStatus::SUCCESS => Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
-                                    details: "installed cluster observability operator".into(),
-                                }),
-                                InterpretStatus::NOOP => Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
-                                _ => Err(PreparationError::new(
-                                    "failed to install cluster observability operator (unknown error)".into(),
-                                )),
-                            },
-                            Err(err) => Err(PreparationError::new(err.to_string())),
-                        };
-                    }
-                    K8sSource::Kubeconfig => {
-                        debug!(
-                            "unable to install cluster observability operator, contact cluster admin"
-                        );
-                        return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop);
-                    }
-                }
-            } else {
-                warn!(
-                    "Unable to detect k8s_state. Skipping Cluster Observability Operator install."
-                );
-                return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop);
-            }
-        }
-
-        debug!("Cluster Observability Operator is already present, skipping install");
-
-        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
-            details: "cluster observability operator present in cluster".into(),
-        })
-    }
-
-    async fn ensure_prometheus_operator(
-        &self,
-        sender: &CRDPrometheus,
-    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
-        let status = Command::new("sh")
-            .args(["-c", "kubectl get crd -A | grep -i prometheuses"])
-            .status()
-            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("could not connect to cluster: {}", e)))?;
-
-        if !status.success() {
-            if let Some(Some(k8s_state)) = self.k8s_state.get() {
-                match k8s_state.source {
-                    K8sSource::LocalK3d => {
-                        debug!("installing prometheus operator");
-                        let op_score =
-                            prometheus_operator_helm_chart_score(sender.namespace.clone());
-                        let result = op_score.interpret(&Inventory::empty(), self).await;
-
-                        return match result {
-                            Ok(outcome) => match outcome.status {
-                                InterpretStatus::SUCCESS => Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
-                                    details: "installed prometheus operator".into(),
-                                }),
-                                InterpretStatus::NOOP => Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
-                                _ => Err(PreparationError::new(
-                                    "failed to install prometheus operator (unknown error)".into(),
-                                )),
-                            },
-                            Err(err) => Err(PreparationError::new(err.to_string())),
-                        };
-                    }
-                    K8sSource::Kubeconfig => {
-                        debug!("unable to install prometheus operator, contact cluster admin");
-                        return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop);
-                    }
-                }
-            } else {
-                warn!("Unable to detect k8s_state. Skipping Prometheus Operator install.");
-                return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop);
-            }
-        }
-
-        debug!("Prometheus operator is already present, skipping install");
-
-        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
-            details: "prometheus operator present in cluster".into(),
-        })
-    }
-
-    async fn install_grafana_operator(
-        &self,
-        inventory: &Inventory,
-        ns: Option<&str>,
-    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
-        let namespace = ns.unwrap_or("grafana");
-        info!("installing grafana operator in ns {namespace}");
-        let tenant = self.get_k8s_tenant_manager()?.get_tenant_config().await;
-        let mut namespace_scope = false;
-        if tenant.is_some() {
-            namespace_scope = true;
-        }
-        let _grafana_operator_score = grafana_helm_chart_score(namespace, namespace_scope)
-            .interpret(inventory, self)
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(e.to_string()));
-        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
-            details: format!(
-                "Successfully installed grafana operator in ns {}",
-                ns.unwrap()
-            ),
-        })
-    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]

harmony/src/domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/mod.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 mod k8s_anywhere;
 pub mod nats;
+pub mod observability;
 mod postgres;
 pub use k8s_anywhere::*;

harmony/src/domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/observability/grafana.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+
+use crate::{
+    inventory::Inventory,
+    modules::monitoring::grafana::{
+        grafana::Grafana,
+        k8s::{
+            score_ensure_grafana_ready::GrafanaK8sEnsureReadyScore,
+            score_grafana_alert_receiver::GrafanaK8sReceiverScore,
+            score_grafana_datasource::GrafanaK8sDatasourceScore,
+            score_grafana_rule::GrafanaK8sRuleScore, score_install_grafana::GrafanaK8sInstallScore,
+        },
+    },
+    score::Score,
+    topology::{
+        K8sAnywhereTopology, PreparationError, PreparationOutcome,
+        monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRule, Observability, ScrapeTarget},
+    },
+};
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl Observability<Grafana> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
+    async fn install_alert_sender(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Grafana,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let score = GrafanaK8sInstallScore {
+            sender: sender.clone(),
+        };
+
+        score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Grafana not installed {}", e)))?;
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "Successfully installed grafana alert sender".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn install_receivers(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Grafana,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Grafana>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let receivers = match receivers {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for receiver in receivers {
+            let score = GrafanaK8sReceiverScore {
+                receiver,
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+            };
+
+            score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Failed to install receiver: {}", e)))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "All alert receivers installed successfully".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn install_rules(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Grafana,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        rules: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<Grafana>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let rules = match rules {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for rule in rules {
+            let score = GrafanaK8sRuleScore {
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+                rule,
+            };
+
+            score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Failed to install rule: {}", e)))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "All alert rules installed successfully".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn add_scrape_targets(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Grafana,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<Grafana>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let scrape_targets = match scrape_targets {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for scrape_target in scrape_targets {
+            let score = GrafanaK8sDatasourceScore {
+                scrape_target,
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+            };
+
+            score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Failed to add DataSource: {}", e)))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "All datasources installed successfully".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn ensure_monitoring_installed(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Grafana,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let score = GrafanaK8sEnsureReadyScore {
+            sender: sender.clone(),
+        };
+
+        score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Grafana not ready {}", e)))?;
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "Grafana Ready".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+}

harmony/src/domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/observability/kube_prometheus.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+
+use crate::{
+    inventory::Inventory,
+    modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::{
+        KubePrometheus, helm::kube_prometheus_helm_chart::kube_prometheus_helm_chart_score,
+        score_kube_prometheus_alert_receivers::KubePrometheusReceiverScore,
+        score_kube_prometheus_ensure_ready::KubePrometheusEnsureReadyScore,
+        score_kube_prometheus_rule::KubePrometheusRuleScore,
+        score_kube_prometheus_scrape_target::KubePrometheusScrapeTargetScore,
+    },
+    score::Score,
+    topology::{
+        K8sAnywhereTopology, PreparationError, PreparationOutcome,
+        monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRule, Observability, ScrapeTarget},
+    },
+};
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl Observability<KubePrometheus> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
+    async fn install_alert_sender(
+        &self,
+        sender: &KubePrometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        kube_prometheus_helm_chart_score(sender.config.clone())
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "Successfully installed kubeprometheus alert sender".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn install_receivers(
+        &self,
+        sender: &KubePrometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<KubePrometheus>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let receivers = match receivers {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for receiver in receivers {
+            let score = KubePrometheusReceiverScore {
+                receiver,
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+            };
+
+            score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Failed to install receiver: {}", e)))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "All alert receivers installed successfully".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn install_rules(
+        &self,
+        sender: &KubePrometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        rules: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<KubePrometheus>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let rules = match rules {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for rule in rules {
+            let score = KubePrometheusRuleScore {
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+                rule,
+            };
+
+            score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Failed to install rule: {}", e)))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "All alert rules installed successfully".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn add_scrape_targets(
+        &self,
+        sender: &KubePrometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<KubePrometheus>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let scrape_targets = match scrape_targets {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for scrape_target in scrape_targets {
+            let score = KubePrometheusScrapeTargetScore {
+                scrape_target,
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+            };
+
+            score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Failed to install rule: {}", e)))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "All scrap targets installed successfully".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn ensure_monitoring_installed(
+        &self,
+        sender: &KubePrometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let score = KubePrometheusEnsureReadyScore {
+            sender: sender.clone(),
+        };
+
+        score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("KubePrometheus not ready {}", e)))?;
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "KubePrometheus Ready".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+}

harmony/src/domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/observability/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+pub mod grafana;
+pub mod kube_prometheus;
+pub mod openshift_monitoring;
+pub mod prometheus;
+pub mod redhat_cluster_observability;

harmony/src/domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/observability/openshift_monitoring.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use log::info;
+
+use crate::score::Score;
+use crate::{
+    inventory::Inventory,
+    modules::monitoring::okd::{
+        OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
+        score_enable_cluster_monitoring::OpenshiftEnableClusterMonitoringScore,
+        score_openshift_alert_rule::OpenshiftAlertRuleScore,
+        score_openshift_receiver::OpenshiftReceiverScore,
+        score_openshift_scrape_target::OpenshiftScrapeTargetScore,
+        score_user_workload::OpenshiftUserWorkloadMonitoring,
+        score_verify_user_workload_monitoring::VerifyUserWorkload,
+    },
+    topology::{
+        K8sAnywhereTopology, PreparationError, PreparationOutcome,
+        monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRule, Observability, ScrapeTarget},
+    },
+};
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl Observability<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
+    async fn install_alert_sender(
+        &self,
+        _sender: &OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        info!("enabling cluster monitoring");
+        let cluster_monitoring_score = OpenshiftEnableClusterMonitoringScore {};
+        cluster_monitoring_score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError { msg: e.to_string() })?;
+
+        info!("enabling user workload monitoring");
+        let user_workload_score = OpenshiftUserWorkloadMonitoring {};
+        user_workload_score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError { msg: e.to_string() })?;
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "Successfully configured cluster monitoring".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn install_receivers(
+        &self,
+        _sender: &OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        if let Some(receivers) = receivers {
+            for receiver in receivers {
+                info!("Installing receiver {}", receiver.name());
+                let receiver_score = OpenshiftReceiverScore { receiver };
+                receiver_score
+                    .create_interpret()
+                    .execute(inventory, self)
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|e| PreparationError { msg: e.to_string() })?;
+            }
+            Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+                details: "Successfully installed receivers for OpenshiftClusterMonitoring"
+                    .to_string(),
+            })
+        } else {
+            Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop)
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn install_rules(
+        &self,
+        _sender: &OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        rules: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        if let Some(rules) = rules {
+            for rule in rules {
+                info!("Installing rule ");
+                let rule_score = OpenshiftAlertRuleScore { rule: rule };
+                rule_score
+                    .create_interpret()
+                    .execute(inventory, self)
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|e| PreparationError { msg: e.to_string() })?;
+            }
+            Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+                details: "Successfully installed rules for OpenshiftClusterMonitoring".to_string(),
+            })
+        } else {
+            Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop)
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn add_scrape_targets(
+        &self,
+        _sender: &OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        if let Some(scrape_targets) = scrape_targets {
+            for scrape_target in scrape_targets {
+                info!("Installing scrape target");
+                let scrape_target_score = OpenshiftScrapeTargetScore {
+                    scrape_target: scrape_target,
+                };
+                scrape_target_score
+                    .create_interpret()
+                    .execute(inventory, self)
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|e| PreparationError { msg: e.to_string() })?;
+            }
+            Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+                details: "Successfully added scrape targets for OpenshiftClusterMonitoring"
+                    .to_string(),
+            })
+        } else {
+            Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop)
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn ensure_monitoring_installed(
+        &self,
+        _sender: &OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let verify_monitoring_score = VerifyUserWorkload {};
+        info!("Verifying user workload and cluster monitoring installed");
+        verify_monitoring_score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError { msg: e.to_string() })?;
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "OpenshiftClusterMonitoring ready".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+}

harmony/src/domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/observability/prometheus.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+
+use crate::{
+    inventory::Inventory,
+    modules::monitoring::prometheus::{
+        Prometheus, score_prometheus_alert_receivers::PrometheusReceiverScore,
+        score_prometheus_ensure_ready::PrometheusEnsureReadyScore,
+        score_prometheus_install::PrometheusInstallScore,
+        score_prometheus_rule::PrometheusRuleScore,
+        score_prometheus_scrape_target::PrometheusScrapeTargetScore,
+    },
+    score::Score,
+    topology::{
+        K8sAnywhereTopology, PreparationError, PreparationOutcome,
+        monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRule, Observability, ScrapeTarget},
+    },
+};
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl Observability<Prometheus> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
+    async fn install_alert_sender(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Prometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let score = PrometheusInstallScore {
+            sender: sender.clone(),
+        };
+
+        score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Prometheus not installed {}", e)))?;
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "Successfully installed kubeprometheus alert sender".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn install_receivers(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Prometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Prometheus>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let receivers = match receivers {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for receiver in receivers {
+            let score = PrometheusReceiverScore {
+                receiver,
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+            };
+
+            score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Failed to install receiver: {}", e)))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "All alert receivers installed successfully".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn install_rules(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Prometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        rules: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<Prometheus>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let rules = match rules {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for rule in rules {
+            let score = PrometheusRuleScore {
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+                rule,
+            };
+
+            score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Failed to install rule: {}", e)))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "All alert rules installed successfully".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn add_scrape_targets(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Prometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<Prometheus>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let scrape_targets = match scrape_targets {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for scrape_target in scrape_targets {
+            let score = PrometheusScrapeTargetScore {
+                scrape_target,
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+            };
+
+            score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Failed to install rule: {}", e)))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "All scrap targets installed successfully".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn ensure_monitoring_installed(
+        &self,
+        sender: &Prometheus,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let score = PrometheusEnsureReadyScore {
+            sender: sender.clone(),
+        };
+
+        score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(format!("Prometheus not ready {}", e)))?;
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "Prometheus Ready".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+}

harmony/src/domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/observability/redhat_cluster_observability.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+use crate::{
+    modules::monitoring::red_hat_cluster_observability::{
+        score_alert_receiver::RedHatClusterObservabilityReceiverScore,
+        score_coo_monitoring_stack::RedHatClusterObservabilityMonitoringStackScore,
+    },
+    score::Score,
+};
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use log::info;
+
+use crate::{
+    inventory::Inventory,
+    modules::monitoring::red_hat_cluster_observability::{
+        RedHatClusterObservability,
+        score_redhat_cluster_observability_operator::RedHatClusterObservabilityOperatorScore,
+    },
+    topology::{
+        K8sAnywhereTopology, PreparationError, PreparationOutcome,
+        monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRule, Observability, ScrapeTarget},
+    },
+};
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl Observability<RedHatClusterObservability> for K8sAnywhereTopology {
+    async fn install_alert_sender(
+        &self,
+        sender: &RedHatClusterObservability,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        info!("Verifying Redhat Cluster Observability Operator");
+
+        let coo_score = RedHatClusterObservabilityOperatorScore::default();
+
+        coo_score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        info!(
+            "Installing Cluster Observability Operator Monitoring Stack in ns {}",
+            sender.namespace.clone()
+        );
+
+        let coo_monitoring_stack_score = RedHatClusterObservabilityMonitoringStackScore {
+            namespace: sender.namespace.clone(),
+            resource_selector: sender.resource_selector.clone(),
+        };
+
+        coo_monitoring_stack_score
+            .create_interpret()
+            .execute(inventory, self)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "Successfully installed RedHatClusterObservability Operator".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn install_receivers(
+        &self,
+        sender: &RedHatClusterObservability,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RedHatClusterObservability>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        let receivers = match receivers {
+            Some(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+            _ => return Ok(PreparationOutcome::Noop),
+        };
+
+        for receiver in receivers {
+            info!("Installing receiver {}", receiver.name());
+
+            let receiver_score = RedHatClusterObservabilityReceiverScore {
+                receiver,
+                sender: sender.clone(),
+            };
+            receiver_score
+                .create_interpret()
+                .execute(inventory, self)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| PreparationError::new(e.to_string()))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(PreparationOutcome::Success {
+            details: "Successfully installed receivers for OpenshiftClusterMonitoring".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn install_rules(
+        &self,
+        _sender: &RedHatClusterObservability,
+        _inventory: &Inventory,
+        _rules: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<RedHatClusterObservability>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    async fn add_scrape_targets(
+        &self,
+        _sender: &RedHatClusterObservability,
+        _inventory: &Inventory,
+        _scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<RedHatClusterObservability>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    async fn ensure_monitoring_installed(
+        &self,
+        _sender: &RedHatClusterObservability,
+        _inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}

harmony/src/domain/topology/k8s_anywhere/postgres.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 
 use crate::{
-    interpret::Outcome,
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::postgresql::{
         K8sPostgreSQLScore,

harmony/src/domain/topology/mod.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ pub mod decentralized;
 mod failover;
 mod ha_cluster;
 pub mod ingress;
+pub mod monitoring;
 pub mod node_exporter;
 pub mod opnsense;
 pub use failover::*;
@@ -11,12 +12,10 @@ mod http;
 pub mod installable;
 mod k8s_anywhere;
 mod localhost;
-pub mod oberservability;
 pub mod tenant;
 use derive_new::new;
 pub use k8s_anywhere::*;
 pub use localhost::*;
-pub mod k8s;
 mod load_balancer;
 pub mod router;
 mod tftp;

harmony/src/domain/topology/monitoring.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+use std::{
+    any::Any,
+    collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap},
+    net::IpAddr,
+};
+
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use kube::api::DynamicObject;
+use log::{debug, info};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::{
+    data::Version,
+    interpret::{Interpret, InterpretError, InterpretName, InterpretStatus, Outcome},
+    inventory::Inventory,
+    topology::{PreparationError, PreparationOutcome, Topology, installable::Installable},
+};
+use harmony_types::id::Id;
+
+/// Defines the application that sends the alerts to a receivers
+/// for example prometheus
+#[async_trait]
+pub trait AlertSender: Send + Sync + std::fmt::Debug {
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+}
+
+/// Trait which defines how an alert sender is impleneted for a specific topology
+#[async_trait]
+pub trait Observability<S: AlertSender> {
+    async fn install_alert_sender(
+        &self,
+        sender: &S,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError>;
+
+    async fn install_receivers(
+        &self,
+        sender: &S,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        receivers: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<S>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError>;
+
+    async fn install_rules(
+        &self,
+        sender: &S,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        rules: Option<Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<S>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError>;
+
+    async fn add_scrape_targets(
+        &self,
+        sender: &S,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<S>>>>,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError>;
+
+    async fn ensure_monitoring_installed(
+        &self,
+        sender: &S,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError>;
+}
+
+/// Defines the entity that receives the alerts from a sender. For example Discord, Slack, etc
+///
+pub trait AlertReceiver<S: AlertSender>: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError>;
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<S>>;
+}
+
+/// Defines a generic rule that can be applied to a sender, such as aprometheus alert rule
+pub trait AlertRule<S: AlertSender>: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
+    fn build_rule(&self) -> Result<serde_json::Value, InterpretError>;
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertRule<S>>;
+}
+
+/// A generic scrape target that can be added to a sender to scrape metrics from, for example a
+/// server outside of the cluster
+pub trait ScrapeTarget<S: AlertSender>: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
+    fn build_scrape_target(&self) -> Result<ExternalScrapeTarget, InterpretError>;
+    fn name(&self) -> String;
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<S>>;
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ExternalScrapeTarget {
+    pub ip: IpAddr,
+    pub port: i32,
+    pub interval: Option<String>,
+    pub path: Option<String>,
+    pub labels: Option<BTreeMap<String, String>>,
+}
+
+/// Alerting interpret to install an alert sender on a given topology
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct AlertingInterpret<S: AlertSender> {
+    pub sender: S,
+    pub receivers: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<S>>>,
+    pub rules: Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<S>>>,
+    pub scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<S>>>>,
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl<S: AlertSender, T: Topology + Observability<S>> Interpret<T> for AlertingInterpret<S> {
+    async fn execute(
+        &self,
+        inventory: &Inventory,
+        topology: &T,
+    ) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
+        info!("Configuring alert sender {}", self.sender.name());
+        topology
+            .install_alert_sender(&self.sender, inventory)
+            .await?;
+
+        info!("Installing receivers");
+        topology
+            .install_receivers(&self.sender, inventory, Some(self.receivers.clone()))
+            .await?;
+
+        info!("Installing rules");
+        topology
+            .install_rules(&self.sender, inventory, Some(self.rules.clone()))
+            .await?;
+
+        info!("Adding extra scrape targets");
+        topology
+            .add_scrape_targets(&self.sender, inventory, self.scrape_targets.clone())
+            .await?;
+
+        info!("Ensuring alert sender {} is ready", self.sender.name());
+        topology
+            .ensure_monitoring_installed(&self.sender, inventory)
+            .await?;
+
+        Ok(Outcome::success(format!(
+            "successfully installed alert sender {}",
+            self.sender.name()
+        )))
+    }
+
+    fn get_name(&self) -> InterpretName {
+        InterpretName::Alerting
+    }
+
+    fn get_version(&self) -> Version {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn get_status(&self) -> InterpretStatus {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn get_children(&self) -> Vec<Id> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<S: AlertSender> Clone for Box<dyn AlertReceiver<S>> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        self.clone_box()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<S: AlertSender> Clone for Box<dyn AlertRule<S>> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        self.clone_box()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<S: AlertSender> Clone for Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<S>> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        self.clone_box()
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ReceiverInstallPlan {
+    pub install_operation: Option<Vec<InstallOperation>>,
+    pub route: Option<AlertRoute>,
+    pub receiver: Option<serde_yaml::Value>,
+}
+
+impl Default for ReceiverInstallPlan {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            install_operation: None,
+            route: None,
+            receiver: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub enum InstallOperation {
+    CreateSecret {
+        name: String,
+        data: BTreeMap<String, String>,
+    },
+}
+
+///Generic routing that can map to various alert sender backends
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct AlertRoute {
+    pub receiver: String,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub matchers: Vec<AlertMatcher>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub group_by: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub repeat_interval: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(rename = "continue")]
+    pub continue_matching: bool,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub children: Vec<AlertRoute>,
+}
+
+impl AlertRoute {
+    pub fn default(name: String) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            receiver: name,
+            matchers: vec![],
+            group_by: vec![],
+            repeat_interval: Some("30s".to_string()),
+            continue_matching: true,
+            children: vec![],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct AlertMatcher {
+    pub label: String,
+    pub operator: MatchOp,
+    pub value: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum MatchOp {
+    Eq,
+    NotEq,
+    Regex,
+}
+
+impl Serialize for MatchOp {
+    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: serde::Serializer,
+    {
+        let op = match self {
+            MatchOp::Eq => "=",
+            MatchOp::NotEq => "!=",
+            MatchOp::Regex => "=~",
+        };
+        serializer.serialize_str(op)
+    }
+}

harmony/src/domain/topology/network.rs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use std::{
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use brocade::PortOperatingMode;
 use derive_new::new;
+use harmony_k8s::K8sClient;
 use harmony_types::{
     id::Id,
     net::{IpAddress, MacAddress},
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ use serde::Serialize;
 
 use crate::executors::ExecutorError;
 
-use super::{LogicalHost, k8s::K8sClient};
+use super::LogicalHost;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct DHCPStaticEntry {

harmony/src/domain/topology/oberservability/mod.rs

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-pub mod monitoring;

harmony/src/domain/topology/oberservability/monitoring.rs

@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-use std::{any::Any, collections::HashMap};
-
-use async_trait::async_trait;
-use kube::api::DynamicObject;
-use log::debug;
-
-use crate::{
-    data::Version,
-    interpret::{Interpret, InterpretError, InterpretName, InterpretStatus, Outcome},
-    inventory::Inventory,
-    topology::{Topology, installable::Installable},
-};
-use harmony_types::id::Id;
-
-#[async_trait]
-pub trait AlertSender: Send + Sync + std::fmt::Debug {
-    fn name(&self) -> String;
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct AlertingInterpret<S: AlertSender> {
-    pub sender: S,
-    pub receivers: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<S>>>,
-    pub rules: Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<S>>>,
-    pub scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<S>>>>,
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl<S: AlertSender + Installable<T>, T: Topology> Interpret<T> for AlertingInterpret<S> {
-    async fn execute(
-        &self,
-        inventory: &Inventory,
-        topology: &T,
-    ) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        debug!("hit sender configure for AlertingInterpret");
-        self.sender.configure(inventory, topology).await?;
-        for receiver in self.receivers.iter() {
-            receiver.install(&self.sender).await?;
-        }
-        for rule in self.rules.iter() {
-            debug!("installing rule: {:#?}", rule);
-            rule.install(&self.sender).await?;
-        }
-        if let Some(targets) = &self.scrape_targets {
-            for target in targets.iter() {
-                debug!("installing scrape_target: {:#?}", target);
-                target.install(&self.sender).await?;
-            }
-        }
-        self.sender.ensure_installed(inventory, topology).await?;
-        Ok(Outcome::success(format!(
-            "successfully installed alert sender {}",
-            self.sender.name()
-        )))
-    }
-
-    fn get_name(&self) -> InterpretName {
-        InterpretName::Alerting
-    }
-
-    fn get_version(&self) -> Version {
-        todo!()
-    }
-
-    fn get_status(&self) -> InterpretStatus {
-        todo!()
-    }
-
-    fn get_children(&self) -> Vec<Id> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-pub trait AlertReceiver<S: AlertSender>: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &S) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError>;
-    fn name(&self) -> String;
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<S>>;
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any;
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String>;
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct AlertManagerReceiver {
-    pub receiver_config: serde_json::Value,
-    // FIXME we should not leak k8s here. DynamicObject is k8s specific
-    pub additional_ressources: Vec<DynamicObject>,
-    pub route_config: serde_json::Value,
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-pub trait AlertRule<S: AlertSender>: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &S) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError>;
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertRule<S>>;
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-pub trait ScrapeTarget<S: AlertSender>: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &S) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError>;
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<S>>;
-}

harmony/src/domain/topology/tenant/k8s.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use crate::{
-    executors::ExecutorError,
-    topology::k8s::{ApplyStrategy, K8sClient},
-};
+use crate::executors::ExecutorError;
 use async_trait::async_trait;
+use harmony_k8s::K8sClient;
 use k8s_openapi::{
     api::{
         core::v1::{LimitRange, Namespace, ResourceQuota},
@@ -14,7 +12,7 @@ use k8s_openapi::{
     },
     apimachinery::pkg::util::intstr::IntOrString,
 };
-use kube::{Resource, api::DynamicObject};
+use kube::Resource;
 use log::debug;
 use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
 use serde_json::json;
@@ -59,7 +57,6 @@ impl K8sTenantManager {
     ) -> Result<K, ExecutorError>
     where
         <K as kube::Resource>::DynamicType: Default,
-        <K as kube::Resource>::Scope: ApplyStrategy<K>,
     {
         self.apply_labels(&mut resource, config);
         self.k8s_client

harmony/src/infra/network_manager.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use std::{
 
 use askama::Template;
 use async_trait::async_trait;
+use harmony_k8s::{DrainOptions, K8sClient, NodeFile};
 use harmony_types::id::Id;
 use k8s_openapi::api::core::v1::Node;
 use kube::{
@@ -15,10 +16,7 @@ use log::{debug, info, warn};
 
 use crate::{
     modules::okd::crd::nmstate,
-    topology::{
-        HostNetworkConfig, NetworkError, NetworkManager,
-        k8s::{DrainOptions, K8sClient, NodeFile},
-    },
+    topology::{HostNetworkConfig, NetworkError, NetworkManager},
 };
 
 /// NetworkManager bond configuration template

harmony/src/modules/application/backend_app.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use log::{debug, info, trace};
+use log::{debug, info};
 use serde::Serialize;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 

harmony/src/modules/application/features/helm_argocd_score.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
+use harmony_k8s::K8sClient;
 use harmony_macros::hurl;
 use log::{debug, info, trace, warn};
 use non_blank_string_rs::NonBlankString;
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ use crate::{
         helm::chart::{HelmChartScore, HelmRepository},
     },
     score::Score,
-    topology::{HelmCommand, K8sclient, Topology, ingress::Ingress, k8s::K8sClient},
+    topology::{HelmCommand, K8sclient, Topology, ingress::Ingress},
 };
 use harmony_types::id::Id;
 

harmony/src/modules/application/features/monitoring.rs

@@ -2,13 +2,15 @@ use crate::modules::application::{
     Application, ApplicationFeature, InstallationError, InstallationOutcome,
 };
 use crate::modules::monitoring::application_monitoring::application_monitoring_score::ApplicationMonitoringScore;
-use crate::modules::monitoring::grafana::grafana::Grafana;
-use crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::crd_alertmanager_config::CRDPrometheus;
 use crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::service_monitor::{
     ServiceMonitor, ServiceMonitorSpec,
 };
+use crate::modules::monitoring::prometheus::Prometheus;
+use crate::modules::monitoring::prometheus::helm::prometheus_config::PrometheusConfig;
 use crate::topology::MultiTargetTopology;
 use crate::topology::ingress::Ingress;
+use crate::topology::monitoring::Observability;
+use crate::topology::monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRoute};
 use crate::{
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::monitoring::{
@@ -17,10 +19,6 @@ use crate::{
     score::Score,
     topology::{HelmCommand, K8sclient, Topology, tenant::TenantManager},
 };
-use crate::{
-    modules::prometheus::prometheus::PrometheusMonitoring,
-    topology::oberservability::monitoring::AlertReceiver,
-};
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use base64::{Engine as _, engine::general_purpose};
 use harmony_secret::SecretManager;
@@ -30,12 +28,13 @@ use kube::api::ObjectMeta;
 use log::{debug, info};
 use schemars::JsonSchema;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
+//TODO test this
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Monitoring {
     pub application: Arc<dyn Application>,
-    pub alert_receiver: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<CRDPrometheus>>>,
+    pub alert_receiver: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Prometheus>>>,
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
@@ -46,8 +45,7 @@ impl<
         + TenantManager
         + K8sclient
         + MultiTargetTopology
-        + PrometheusMonitoring<CRDPrometheus>
-        + Grafana
+        + Observability<Prometheus>
         + Ingress
         + std::fmt::Debug,
 > ApplicationFeature<T> for Monitoring
@@ -74,17 +72,15 @@ impl<
         };
 
         let mut alerting_score = ApplicationMonitoringScore {
-            sender: CRDPrometheus {
-                namespace: namespace.clone(),
-                client: topology.k8s_client().await.unwrap(),
-                service_monitor: vec![app_service_monitor],
+            sender: Prometheus {
+                config: Arc::new(Mutex::new(PrometheusConfig::new())),
             },
             application: self.application.clone(),
             receivers: self.alert_receiver.clone(),
         };
         let ntfy = NtfyScore {
             namespace: namespace.clone(),
-            host: domain,
+            host: domain.clone(),
         };
         ntfy.interpret(&Inventory::empty(), topology)
             .await
@@ -105,20 +101,28 @@ impl<
 
         debug!("ntfy_default_auth_param: {ntfy_default_auth_param}");
 
+        debug!("ntfy_default_auth_param: {ntfy_default_auth_param}");
         let ntfy_receiver = WebhookReceiver {
             name: "ntfy-webhook".to_string(),
             url: Url::Url(
                 url::Url::parse(
                     format!(
-                        "http://ntfy.{}.svc.cluster.local/rust-web-app?auth={ntfy_default_auth_param}",
-                        namespace.clone()
+                        "http://{domain}/{}?auth={ntfy_default_auth_param}",
+                        __self.application.name()
                     )
                     .as_str(),
                 )
                 .unwrap(),
             ),
+            route: AlertRoute {
+                ..AlertRoute::default("ntfy-webhook".to_string())
+            },
         };
-
+        debug!(
+            "ntfy webhook receiver \n{:#?}\nntfy topic: {}",
+            ntfy_receiver.clone(),
+            self.application.name()
+        );
         alerting_score.receivers.push(Box::new(ntfy_receiver));
         alerting_score
             .interpret(&Inventory::empty(), topology)

harmony/src/modules/application/features/rhob_monitoring.rs

@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use crate::modules::application::{
     Application, ApplicationFeature, InstallationError, InstallationOutcome,
 };
-use crate::modules::monitoring::application_monitoring::rhobs_application_monitoring_score::ApplicationRHOBMonitoringScore;
 
-use crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::rhob_alertmanager_config::RHOBObservability;
+use crate::modules::monitoring::red_hat_cluster_observability::RedHatClusterObservability;
+use crate::modules::monitoring::red_hat_cluster_observability::redhat_cluster_observability::RedHatClusterObservabilityScore;
 use crate::topology::MultiTargetTopology;
 use crate::topology::ingress::Ingress;
+use crate::topology::monitoring::Observability;
+use crate::topology::monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRoute};
 use crate::{
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::monitoring::{
@@ -16,10 +18,6 @@ use crate::{
     score::Score,
     topology::{HelmCommand, K8sclient, Topology, tenant::TenantManager},
 };
-use crate::{
-    modules::prometheus::prometheus::PrometheusMonitoring,
-    topology::oberservability::monitoring::AlertReceiver,
-};
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use base64::{Engine as _, engine::general_purpose};
 use harmony_types::net::Url;
@@ -28,9 +26,10 @@ use log::{debug, info};
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Monitoring {
     pub application: Arc<dyn Application>,
-    pub alert_receiver: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RHOBObservability>>>,
+    pub alert_receiver: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RedHatClusterObservability>>>,
 }
 
+///TODO TEST this
 #[async_trait]
 impl<
     T: Topology
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ impl<
         + MultiTargetTopology
         + Ingress
         + std::fmt::Debug
-        + PrometheusMonitoring<RHOBObservability>,
+        + Observability<RedHatClusterObservability>,
 > ApplicationFeature<T> for Monitoring
 {
     async fn ensure_installed(
@@ -55,13 +54,14 @@ impl<
             .map(|ns| ns.name.clone())
             .unwrap_or_else(|| self.application.name());
 
-        let mut alerting_score = ApplicationRHOBMonitoringScore {
-            sender: RHOBObservability {
+        let mut alerting_score = RedHatClusterObservabilityScore {
+            sender: RedHatClusterObservability {
                 namespace: namespace.clone(),
-                client: topology.k8s_client().await.unwrap(),
+                resource_selector: todo!(),
             },
-            application: self.application.clone(),
             receivers: self.alert_receiver.clone(),
+            rules: vec![],
+            scrape_targets: None,
         };
         let domain = topology
             .get_domain("ntfy")
@@ -97,12 +97,15 @@ impl<
                 url::Url::parse(
                     format!(
                         "http://{domain}/{}?auth={ntfy_default_auth_param}",
-                        self.application.name()
+                        __self.application.name()
                     )
                     .as_str(),
                 )
                 .unwrap(),
             ),
+            route: AlertRoute {
+                ..AlertRoute::default("ntfy-webhook".to_string())
+            },
         };
         debug!(
             "ntfy webhook receiver \n{:#?}\nntfy topic: {}",

harmony/src/modules/argocd/mod.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
+use harmony_k8s::K8sClient;
 use log::{debug, info};
 
-use crate::{interpret::InterpretError, topology::k8s::K8sClient};
+use crate::interpret::InterpretError;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum ArgoScope {

harmony/src/modules/brocade/brocade_snmp.rs

@@ -44,6 +44,12 @@ pub struct BrocadeSwitchAuth {
     pub password: String,
 }
 
+impl BrocadeSwitchAuth {
+    pub fn user_pass(username: String, password: String) -> Self {
+        Self { username, password }
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Secret, Clone, Debug, JsonSchema, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct BrocadeSnmpAuth {
     pub username: String,

harmony/src/modules/cert_manager/cluster_issuer.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use harmony_k8s::K8sClient;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ use crate::{
     interpret::{Interpret, InterpretError, InterpretName, InterpretStatus, Outcome},
     inventory::Inventory,
     score::Score,
-    topology::{K8sclient, Topology, k8s::K8sClient},
+    topology::{K8sclient, Topology},
 };
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]

harmony/src/modules/inventory/mod.rs

@@ -54,6 +54,12 @@ pub enum HarmonyDiscoveryStrategy {
     SUBNET { cidr: cidr::Ipv4Cidr, port: u16 },
 }
 
+impl Default for HarmonyDiscoveryStrategy {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        HarmonyDiscoveryStrategy::MDNS
+    }
+}
+
 #[async_trait]
 impl<T: Topology> Interpret<T> for DiscoverInventoryAgentInterpret {
     async fn execute(

harmony/src/modules/k8s/failover.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use log::warn;
 
-use crate::topology::{FailoverTopology, K8sclient, k8s::K8sClient};
+use crate::topology::{FailoverTopology, K8sclient};
+use harmony_k8s::K8sClient;
 
 #[async_trait]
 impl<T: K8sclient> K8sclient for FailoverTopology<T> {

harmony/src/modules/k8s/resource.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use k8s_openapi::NamespaceResourceScope;
 use kube::Resource;
 use log::info;
 use serde::{Serialize, de::DeserializeOwned};
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ impl<K: Resource + std::fmt::Debug> K8sResourceScore<K> {
 }
 
 impl<
-    K: Resource<Scope = NamespaceResourceScope>
+    K: Resource
         + std::fmt::Debug
         + Sync
         + DeserializeOwned
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ pub struct K8sResourceInterpret<K: Resource + std::fmt::Debug + Sync + Send> {
 
 #[async_trait]
 impl<
-    K: Resource<Scope = NamespaceResourceScope>
+    K: Resource
         + Clone
         + std::fmt::Debug
         + DeserializeOwned
@@ -109,7 +108,7 @@ where
         topology
             .k8s_client()
             .await
-            .expect("Environment should provide enough information to instanciate a client")
+            .map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(format!("Failed to get k8s client : {e}")))?
             .apply_many(&self.score.resource, self.score.namespace.as_deref())
             .await?;
 

harmony/src/modules/mod.rs

@@ -15,10 +15,12 @@ pub mod load_balancer;
 pub mod monitoring;
 pub mod nats;
 pub mod network;
+pub mod node_health;
 pub mod okd;
+pub mod openbao;
 pub mod opnsense;
 pub mod postgresql;
-pub mod prometheus;
 pub mod storage;
 pub mod tenant;
 pub mod tftp;
+pub mod zitadel;

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/alert_channel/discord_alert_channel.rs

@@ -1,99 +1,38 @@
-use std::any::Any;
-use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap};
-
-use async_trait::async_trait;
-use harmony_types::k8s_name::K8sName;
-use k8s_openapi::api::core::v1::Secret;
-use kube::Resource;
-use kube::api::{DynamicObject, ObjectMeta};
-use log::{debug, trace};
+use crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::KubePrometheus;
+use crate::modules::monitoring::okd::OpenshiftClusterAlertSender;
+use crate::modules::monitoring::red_hat_cluster_observability::RedHatClusterObservability;
+use crate::topology::monitoring::{AlertRoute, InstallOperation, ReceiverInstallPlan};
+use crate::{interpret::InterpretError, topology::monitoring::AlertReceiver};
+use harmony_types::net::Url;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use serde_json::json;
-use serde_yaml::{Mapping, Value};
-
-use crate::infra::kube::kube_resource_to_dynamic;
-use crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::crd_alertmanager_config::{
-    AlertmanagerConfig, AlertmanagerConfigSpec, CRDPrometheus,
-};
-use crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::rhob_alertmanager_config::RHOBObservability;
-use crate::modules::monitoring::okd::OpenshiftClusterAlertSender;
-use crate::topology::oberservability::monitoring::AlertManagerReceiver;
-use crate::{
-    interpret::{InterpretError, Outcome},
-    modules::monitoring::{
-        kube_prometheus::{
-            prometheus::{KubePrometheus, KubePrometheusReceiver},
-            types::{AlertChannelConfig, AlertManagerChannelConfig},
-        },
-        prometheus::prometheus::{Prometheus, PrometheusReceiver},
-    },
-    topology::oberservability::monitoring::AlertReceiver,
-};
-use harmony_types::net::Url;
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
-pub struct DiscordWebhook {
-    pub name: K8sName,
+pub struct DiscordReceiver {
+    pub name: String,
     pub url: Url,
-    pub selectors: Vec<HashMap<String, String>>,
+    pub route: AlertRoute,
 }
 
-impl DiscordWebhook {
-    fn get_receiver_config(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        let secret_name = format!("{}-secret", self.name.clone());
-        let webhook_key = format!("{}", self.url.clone());
+impl AlertReceiver<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender> for DiscordReceiver {
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError> {
+        let receiver_block = serde_yaml::to_value(json!({
+            "name": self.name,
+            "discord_configs": [{
+                "webhook_url": format!("{}", self.url),
+                "title": "{{ template \"discord.default.title\" . }}",
+                "message": "{{ template \"discord.default.message\" . }}"
+            }]
+        }))
+        .map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(e.to_string()))?;
 
-        let mut string_data = BTreeMap::new();
-        string_data.insert("webhook-url".to_string(), webhook_key.clone());
-
-        let secret = Secret {
-            metadata: kube::core::ObjectMeta {
-                name: Some(secret_name.clone()),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            string_data: Some(string_data),
-            type_: Some("Opaque".to_string()),
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-
-        let mut matchers: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
-        for selector in &self.selectors {
-            trace!("selector: {:#?}", selector);
-            for (k, v) in selector {
-                matchers.push(format!("{} = {}", k, v));
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ok(AlertManagerReceiver {
-            additional_ressources: vec![kube_resource_to_dynamic(&secret)?],
-
-            receiver_config: json!({
-                "name": self.name,
-                "discord_configs": [
-                    {
-                    "webhook_url": self.url.clone(),
-                    "title": "{{ template \"discord.default.title\" . }}",
-                    "message": "{{ template \"discord.default.message\" . }}"
-                    }
-                ]
-            }),
-            route_config: json!({
-                "receiver": self.name,
-                "matchers": matchers,
-
-            }),
+        Ok(ReceiverInstallPlan {
+            install_operation: None,
+            route: Some(self.route.clone()),
+            receiver: Some(receiver_block),
         })
     }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertReceiver<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender> for DiscordWebhook {
-    async fn install(
-        &self,
-        sender: &OpenshiftClusterAlertSender,
-    ) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        todo!()
-    }
 
     fn name(&self) -> String {
         self.name.clone().to_string()
@@ -102,309 +41,77 @@ impl AlertReceiver<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender> for DiscordWebhook {
     fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>> {
         Box::new(self.clone())
     }
-
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        todo!()
-    }
-
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        self.get_receiver_config()
-    }
 }
 
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertReceiver<RHOBObservability> for DiscordWebhook {
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &RHOBObservability) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        let ns = sender.namespace.clone();
-
-        let config = self.get_receiver_config()?;
-        for resource in config.additional_ressources.iter() {
-            todo!("can I apply a dynamicresource");
-            // sender.client.apply(resource, Some(&ns)).await;
-        }
-
-        let spec = crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::rhob_alertmanager_config::AlertmanagerConfigSpec {
-            data: json!({
-                "route": {
-                    "receiver": self.name,
-                },
-                "receivers": [
-                    config.receiver_config
-                ]
-            }),
-        };
-
-        let alertmanager_configs = crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::rhob_alertmanager_config::AlertmanagerConfig {
-            metadata: ObjectMeta {
-                name: Some(self.name.clone().to_string()),
-                labels: Some(std::collections::BTreeMap::from([(
-                    "alertmanagerConfig".to_string(),
-                    "enabled".to_string(),
-                )])),
-                namespace: Some(sender.namespace.clone()),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            spec,
-        };
-        debug!(
-            "alertmanager_configs yaml:\n{:#?}",
-            serde_yaml::to_string(&alertmanager_configs)
-        );
-        debug!(
-            "alert manager configs: \n{:#?}",
-            alertmanager_configs.clone()
-        );
-
-        sender
-            .client
-            .apply(&alertmanager_configs, Some(&sender.namespace))
-            .await?;
-        Ok(Outcome::success(format!(
-            "installed rhob-alertmanagerconfigs for {}",
-            self.name
-        )))
-    }
-
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        "webhook-receiver".to_string()
-    }
-
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RHOBObservability>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
-    }
-
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertReceiver<CRDPrometheus> for DiscordWebhook {
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &CRDPrometheus) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        let ns = sender.namespace.clone();
+impl AlertReceiver<RedHatClusterObservability> for DiscordReceiver {
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError> {
         let secret_name = format!("{}-secret", self.name.clone());
         let webhook_key = format!("{}", self.url.clone());
 
         let mut string_data = BTreeMap::new();
         string_data.insert("webhook-url".to_string(), webhook_key.clone());
 
-        let secret = Secret {
-            metadata: kube::core::ObjectMeta {
-                name: Some(secret_name.clone()),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            string_data: Some(string_data),
-            type_: Some("Opaque".to_string()),
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
+        let receiver_config = json!({
+            "name": self.name,
+            "discordConfigs": [
+                {
+                    "apiURL": {
+                        "key": "webhook-url",
+                        "name": format!("{}-secret", self.name)
+                    },
+                    "title": "{{ template \"discord.default.title\" . }}",
+                    "message": "{{ template \"discord.default.message\" . }}"
+                }
+            ]
+        });
 
-        let _ = sender.client.apply(&secret, Some(&ns)).await;
-
-        let spec = AlertmanagerConfigSpec {
-            data: json!({
-                "route": {
-                    "receiver": self.name,
-                },
-                "receivers": [
-                    {
-                        "name": self.name,
-                        "discordConfigs": [
-                            {
-                            "apiURL": {
-                                "name": secret_name,
-                                "key":  "webhook-url",
-                            },
-                            "title": "{{ template \"discord.default.title\" . }}",
-                            "message": "{{ template \"discord.default.message\" . }}"
-                            }
-                        ]
-                    }
-                ]
-            }),
-        };
-
-        let alertmanager_configs = AlertmanagerConfig {
-            metadata: ObjectMeta {
-                name: Some(self.name.clone().to_string()),
-                labels: Some(std::collections::BTreeMap::from([(
-                    "alertmanagerConfig".to_string(),
-                    "enabled".to_string(),
-                )])),
-                namespace: Some(ns),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            spec,
-        };
-
-        sender
-            .client
-            .apply(&alertmanager_configs, Some(&sender.namespace))
-            .await?;
-        Ok(Outcome::success(format!(
-            "installed crd-alertmanagerconfigs for {}",
-            self.name
-        )))
+        Ok(ReceiverInstallPlan {
+            install_operation: Some(vec![InstallOperation::CreateSecret {
+                name: secret_name,
+                data: string_data,
+            }]),
+            route: Some(self.route.clone()),
+            receiver: Some(
+                serde_yaml::to_value(receiver_config)
+                    .map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(e.to_string()))
+                    .expect("failed to build yaml value"),
+            ),
+        })
     }
+
     fn name(&self) -> String {
-        "discord-webhook".to_string()
+        self.name.clone()
     }
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<CRDPrometheus>> {
+
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RedHatClusterObservability>> {
         Box::new(self.clone())
     }
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
 }
 
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertReceiver<Prometheus> for DiscordWebhook {
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &Prometheus) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        sender.install_receiver(self).await
+impl AlertReceiver<KubePrometheus> for DiscordReceiver {
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError> {
+        let receiver_block = serde_yaml::to_value(json!({
+            "name": self.name,
+            "discord_configs": [{
+                "webhook_url": format!("{}", self.url),
+                "title": "{{ template \"discord.default.title\" . }}",
+                "message": "{{ template \"discord.default.message\" . }}"
+            }]
+        }))
+        .map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(ReceiverInstallPlan {
+            install_operation: None,
+            route: Some(self.route.clone()),
+            receiver: Some(receiver_block),
+        })
     }
+
     fn name(&self) -> String {
-        "discord-webhook".to_string()
+        self.name.clone()
     }
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Prometheus>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
-    }
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
-}
 
-#[async_trait]
-impl PrometheusReceiver for DiscordWebhook {
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        self.name.clone().to_string()
-    }
-    async fn configure_receiver(&self) -> AlertManagerChannelConfig {
-        self.get_config().await
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertReceiver<KubePrometheus> for DiscordWebhook {
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &KubePrometheus) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        sender.install_receiver(self).await
-    }
     fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<KubePrometheus>> {
         Box::new(self.clone())
     }
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        "discord-webhook".to_string()
-    }
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl KubePrometheusReceiver for DiscordWebhook {
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        self.name.clone().to_string()
-    }
-    async fn configure_receiver(&self) -> AlertManagerChannelConfig {
-        self.get_config().await
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertChannelConfig for DiscordWebhook {
-    async fn get_config(&self) -> AlertManagerChannelConfig {
-        let channel_global_config = None;
-        let channel_receiver = self.alert_channel_receiver().await;
-        let channel_route = self.alert_channel_route().await;
-
-        AlertManagerChannelConfig {
-            channel_global_config,
-            channel_receiver,
-            channel_route,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl DiscordWebhook {
-    async fn alert_channel_route(&self) -> serde_yaml::Value {
-        let mut route = Mapping::new();
-        route.insert(
-            Value::String("receiver".to_string()),
-            Value::String(self.name.clone().to_string()),
-        );
-        route.insert(
-            Value::String("matchers".to_string()),
-            Value::Sequence(vec![Value::String("alertname!=Watchdog".to_string())]),
-        );
-        route.insert(Value::String("continue".to_string()), Value::Bool(true));
-        Value::Mapping(route)
-    }
-
-    async fn alert_channel_receiver(&self) -> serde_yaml::Value {
-        let mut receiver = Mapping::new();
-        receiver.insert(
-            Value::String("name".to_string()),
-            Value::String(self.name.clone().to_string()),
-        );
-
-        let mut discord_config = Mapping::new();
-        discord_config.insert(
-            Value::String("webhook_url".to_string()),
-            Value::String(self.url.to_string()),
-        );
-
-        receiver.insert(
-            Value::String("discord_configs".to_string()),
-            Value::Sequence(vec![Value::Mapping(discord_config)]),
-        );
-
-        Value::Mapping(receiver)
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[tokio::test]
-    async fn discord_serialize_should_match() {
-        let discord_receiver = DiscordWebhook {
-            name: K8sName("test-discord".to_string()),
-            url: Url::Url(url::Url::parse("https://discord.i.dont.exist.com").unwrap()),
-            selectors: vec![],
-        };
-
-        let discord_receiver_receiver =
-            serde_yaml::to_string(&discord_receiver.alert_channel_receiver().await).unwrap();
-        println!("receiver \n{:#}", discord_receiver_receiver);
-        let discord_receiver_receiver_yaml = r#"name: test-discord
-discord_configs:
-- webhook_url: https://discord.i.dont.exist.com/
-"#
-        .to_string();
-
-        let discord_receiver_route =
-            serde_yaml::to_string(&discord_receiver.alert_channel_route().await).unwrap();
-        println!("route \n{:#}", discord_receiver_route);
-        let discord_receiver_route_yaml = r#"receiver: test-discord
-matchers:
-- alertname!=Watchdog
-continue: true
-"#
-        .to_string();
-
-        assert_eq!(discord_receiver_receiver, discord_receiver_receiver_yaml);
-        assert_eq!(discord_receiver_route, discord_receiver_route_yaml);
-    }
 }

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/alert_channel/webhook_receiver.rs

@@ -1,25 +1,13 @@
-use std::any::Any;
-
-use async_trait::async_trait;
-use kube::api::ObjectMeta;
-use log::debug;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use serde_json::json;
-use serde_yaml::{Mapping, Value};
 
 use crate::{
-    interpret::{InterpretError, Outcome},
+    interpret::InterpretError,
     modules::monitoring::{
-        kube_prometheus::{
-            crd::{
-                crd_alertmanager_config::CRDPrometheus, rhob_alertmanager_config::RHOBObservability,
-            },
-            prometheus::{KubePrometheus, KubePrometheusReceiver},
-            types::{AlertChannelConfig, AlertManagerChannelConfig},
-        },
-        prometheus::prometheus::{Prometheus, PrometheusReceiver},
+        kube_prometheus::KubePrometheus, okd::OpenshiftClusterAlertSender, prometheus::Prometheus,
+        red_hat_cluster_observability::RedHatClusterObservability,
     },
-    topology::oberservability::monitoring::{AlertManagerReceiver, AlertReceiver},
+    topology::monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRoute, ReceiverInstallPlan},
 };
 use harmony_types::net::Url;
 
@@ -27,281 +15,115 @@ use harmony_types::net::Url;
 pub struct WebhookReceiver {
     pub name: String,
     pub url: Url,
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertReceiver<RHOBObservability> for WebhookReceiver {
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &RHOBObservability) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        let spec = crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::rhob_alertmanager_config::AlertmanagerConfigSpec {
-            data: json!({
-                "route": {
-                    "receiver": self.name,
-                },
-                "receivers": [
-                    {
-                        "name": self.name,
-                        "webhookConfigs": [
-                            {
-                            "url": self.url,
-                            "httpConfig": {
-                                "tlsConfig": {
-                                    "insecureSkipVerify": true
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            }
-                        ]
-                    }
-                ]
-            }),
-        };
-
-        let alertmanager_configs = crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::rhob_alertmanager_config::AlertmanagerConfig {
-            metadata: ObjectMeta {
-                name: Some(self.name.clone()),
-                labels: Some(std::collections::BTreeMap::from([(
-                    "alertmanagerConfig".to_string(),
-                    "enabled".to_string(),
-                )])),
-                namespace: Some(sender.namespace.clone()),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            spec,
-        };
-        debug!(
-            "alert manager configs: \n{:#?}",
-            alertmanager_configs.clone()
-        );
-
-        sender
-            .client
-            .apply(&alertmanager_configs, Some(&sender.namespace))
-            .await?;
-        Ok(Outcome::success(format!(
-            "installed rhob-alertmanagerconfigs for {}",
-            self.name
-        )))
-    }
-
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        "webhook-receiver".to_string()
-    }
-
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RHOBObservability>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
-    }
-
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertReceiver<CRDPrometheus> for WebhookReceiver {
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &CRDPrometheus) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        let spec = crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::crd_alertmanager_config::AlertmanagerConfigSpec {
-            data: json!({
-                "route": {
-                    "receiver": self.name,
-                },
-                "receivers": [
-                    {
-                        "name": self.name,
-                        "webhookConfigs": [
-                            {
-                            "url": self.url,
-                            }
-                        ]
-                    }
-                ]
-            }),
-        };
-
-        let alertmanager_configs = crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::crd_alertmanager_config::AlertmanagerConfig {
-            metadata: ObjectMeta {
-                name: Some(self.name.clone()),
-                labels: Some(std::collections::BTreeMap::from([(
-                    "alertmanagerConfig".to_string(),
-                    "enabled".to_string(),
-                )])),
-                namespace: Some(sender.namespace.clone()),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            spec,
-        };
-        debug!(
-            "alert manager configs: \n{:#?}",
-            alertmanager_configs.clone()
-        );
-
-        sender
-            .client
-            .apply(&alertmanager_configs, Some(&sender.namespace))
-            .await?;
-        Ok(Outcome::success(format!(
-            "installed crd-alertmanagerconfigs for {}",
-            self.name
-        )))
-    }
-
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        "webhook-receiver".to_string()
-    }
-
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<CRDPrometheus>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
-    }
-
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertReceiver<Prometheus> for WebhookReceiver {
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &Prometheus) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        sender.install_receiver(self).await
-    }
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        "webhook-receiver".to_string()
-    }
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Prometheus>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
-    }
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl PrometheusReceiver for WebhookReceiver {
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        self.name.clone()
-    }
-    async fn configure_receiver(&self) -> AlertManagerChannelConfig {
-        self.get_config().await
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertReceiver<KubePrometheus> for WebhookReceiver {
-    fn as_alertmanager_receiver(&self) -> Result<AlertManagerReceiver, String> {
-        todo!()
-    }
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &KubePrometheus) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        sender.install_receiver(self).await
-    }
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        "webhook-receiver".to_string()
-    }
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<KubePrometheus>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
-    }
-    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl KubePrometheusReceiver for WebhookReceiver {
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        self.name.clone()
-    }
-    async fn configure_receiver(&self) -> AlertManagerChannelConfig {
-        self.get_config().await
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertChannelConfig for WebhookReceiver {
-    async fn get_config(&self) -> AlertManagerChannelConfig {
-        let channel_global_config = None;
-        let channel_receiver = self.alert_channel_receiver().await;
-        let channel_route = self.alert_channel_route().await;
-
-        AlertManagerChannelConfig {
-            channel_global_config,
-            channel_receiver,
-            channel_route,
-        }
-    }
+    pub route: AlertRoute,
 }
 
 impl WebhookReceiver {
-    async fn alert_channel_route(&self) -> serde_yaml::Value {
-        let mut route = Mapping::new();
-        route.insert(
-            Value::String("receiver".to_string()),
-            Value::String(self.name.clone()),
-        );
-        route.insert(
-            Value::String("matchers".to_string()),
-            Value::Sequence(vec![Value::String("alertname!=Watchdog".to_string())]),
-        );
-        route.insert(Value::String("continue".to_string()), Value::Bool(true));
-        Value::Mapping(route)
+    fn build_receiver(&self) -> serde_json::Value {
+        json!({
+        "name": self.name,
+        "webhookConfigs": [
+            {
+            "url": self.url,
+            "httpConfig": {
+                "tlsConfig": {
+                    "insecureSkipVerify": true
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        ]})
     }
 
-    async fn alert_channel_receiver(&self) -> serde_yaml::Value {
-        let mut receiver = Mapping::new();
-        receiver.insert(
-            Value::String("name".to_string()),
-            Value::String(self.name.clone()),
-        );
-
-        let mut webhook_config = Mapping::new();
-        webhook_config.insert(
-            Value::String("url".to_string()),
-            Value::String(self.url.to_string()),
-        );
-
-        receiver.insert(
-            Value::String("webhook_configs".to_string()),
-            Value::Sequence(vec![Value::Mapping(webhook_config)]),
-        );
-
-        Value::Mapping(receiver)
+    fn build_route(&self) -> serde_json::Value {
+        json!({
+            "name": self.name})
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-    #[tokio::test]
-    async fn webhook_serialize_should_match() {
-        let webhook_receiver = WebhookReceiver {
-            name: "test-webhook".to_string(),
-            url: Url::Url(url::Url::parse("https://webhook.i.dont.exist.com").unwrap()),
-        };
+impl AlertReceiver<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender> for WebhookReceiver {
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        self.name.clone()
+    }
 
-        let webhook_receiver_receiver =
-            serde_yaml::to_string(&webhook_receiver.alert_channel_receiver().await).unwrap();
-        println!("receiver \n{:#}", webhook_receiver_receiver);
-        let webhook_receiver_receiver_yaml = r#"name: test-webhook
-webhook_configs:
-- url: https://webhook.i.dont.exist.com/
-"#
-        .to_string();
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>> {
+        Box::new(self.clone())
+    }
 
-        let webhook_receiver_route =
-            serde_yaml::to_string(&webhook_receiver.alert_channel_route().await).unwrap();
-        println!("route \n{:#}", webhook_receiver_route);
-        let webhook_receiver_route_yaml = r#"receiver: test-webhook
-matchers:
-- alertname!=Watchdog
-continue: true
-"#
-        .to_string();
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<crate::topology::monitoring::ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError> {
+        let receiver = self.build_receiver();
+        let receiver =
+            serde_yaml::to_value(receiver).map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(e.to_string()))?;
 
-        assert_eq!(webhook_receiver_receiver, webhook_receiver_receiver_yaml);
-        assert_eq!(webhook_receiver_route, webhook_receiver_route_yaml);
+        Ok(ReceiverInstallPlan {
+            install_operation: None,
+            route: Some(self.route.clone()),
+            receiver: Some(receiver),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl AlertReceiver<RedHatClusterObservability> for WebhookReceiver {
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        self.name.clone()
+    }
+
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RedHatClusterObservability>> {
+        Box::new(self.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<crate::topology::monitoring::ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError> {
+        let receiver = self.build_receiver();
+        let receiver =
+            serde_yaml::to_value(receiver).map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(ReceiverInstallPlan {
+            install_operation: None,
+            route: Some(self.route.clone()),
+            receiver: Some(receiver),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl AlertReceiver<KubePrometheus> for WebhookReceiver {
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        self.name.clone()
+    }
+
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<KubePrometheus>> {
+        Box::new(self.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<crate::topology::monitoring::ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError> {
+        let receiver = self.build_receiver();
+        let receiver =
+            serde_yaml::to_value(receiver).map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(ReceiverInstallPlan {
+            install_operation: None,
+            route: Some(self.route.clone()),
+            receiver: Some(receiver),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl AlertReceiver<Prometheus> for WebhookReceiver {
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        self.name.clone()
+    }
+
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Prometheus>> {
+        Box::new(self.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<crate::topology::monitoring::ReceiverInstallPlan, InterpretError> {
+        let receiver = self.build_receiver();
+        let receiver =
+            serde_yaml::to_value(receiver).map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(ReceiverInstallPlan {
+            install_operation: None,
+            route: Some(self.route.clone()),
+            receiver: Some(receiver),
+        })
     }
 }

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/alert_rule/alerts/infra/mod.rs

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 pub mod dell_server;
+pub mod opnsense;

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/alert_rule/alerts/infra/opnsense.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+use crate::modules::monitoring::alert_rule::prometheus_alert_rule::PrometheusAlertRule;
+
+pub fn high_http_error_rate() -> PrometheusAlertRule {
+    let expression = r#"(
+  sum(rate(http_requests_total{status=~"5.."}[5m])) by (job, route, service)
+  /
+  sum(rate(http_requests_total[5m])) by (job, route, service)
+) > 0.05 and sum(rate(http_requests_total[5m])) by (job, route, service) > 10"#;
+
+    PrometheusAlertRule::new("HighApplicationErrorRate", expression)
+        .for_duration("10m")
+        .label("severity", "warning")
+        .annotation("summary", "High HTTP error rate on {{ $labels.job }}")
+        .annotation("description", "Job {{ $labels.job }} (route {{ $labels.route }}) has an error rate > 5% over the last 10m.")
+}

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/alert_rule/mod.rs

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+pub mod alerts;
 pub mod prometheus_alert_rule;

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/alert_rule/prometheus_alert_rule.rs

@@ -1,79 +1,13 @@
-use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
 
-use async_trait::async_trait;
 use serde::Serialize;
 
 use crate::{
-    interpret::{InterpretError, Outcome},
-    modules::monitoring::{
-        kube_prometheus::{
-            prometheus::{KubePrometheus, KubePrometheusRule},
-            types::{AlertGroup, AlertManagerAdditionalPromRules},
-        },
-        prometheus::prometheus::{Prometheus, PrometheusRule},
-    },
-    topology::oberservability::monitoring::AlertRule,
+    interpret::InterpretError,
+    modules::monitoring::{kube_prometheus::KubePrometheus, okd::OpenshiftClusterAlertSender},
+    topology::monitoring::AlertRule,
 };
 
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertRule<KubePrometheus> for AlertManagerRuleGroup {
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &KubePrometheus) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        sender.install_rule(self).await
-    }
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertRule<KubePrometheus>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl AlertRule<Prometheus> for AlertManagerRuleGroup {
-    async fn install(&self, sender: &Prometheus) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        sender.install_rule(self).await
-    }
-    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertRule<Prometheus>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
-    }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl PrometheusRule for AlertManagerRuleGroup {
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        self.name.clone()
-    }
-    async fn configure_rule(&self) -> AlertManagerAdditionalPromRules {
-        let mut additional_prom_rules = BTreeMap::new();
-
-        additional_prom_rules.insert(
-            self.name.clone(),
-            AlertGroup {
-                groups: vec![self.clone()],
-            },
-        );
-        AlertManagerAdditionalPromRules {
-            rules: additional_prom_rules,
-        }
-    }
-}
-#[async_trait]
-impl KubePrometheusRule for AlertManagerRuleGroup {
-    fn name(&self) -> String {
-        self.name.clone()
-    }
-    async fn configure_rule(&self) -> AlertManagerAdditionalPromRules {
-        let mut additional_prom_rules = BTreeMap::new();
-
-        additional_prom_rules.insert(
-            self.name.clone(),
-            AlertGroup {
-                groups: vec![self.clone()],
-            },
-        );
-        AlertManagerAdditionalPromRules {
-            rules: additional_prom_rules,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 impl AlertManagerRuleGroup {
     pub fn new(name: &str, rules: Vec<PrometheusAlertRule>) -> AlertManagerRuleGroup {
         AlertManagerRuleGroup {
@@ -129,3 +63,55 @@ impl PrometheusAlertRule {
         self
     }
 }
+
+impl AlertRule<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender> for AlertManagerRuleGroup {
+    fn build_rule(&self) -> Result<serde_json::Value, InterpretError> {
+        let name = self.name.clone();
+        let mut rules: Vec<crate::modules::monitoring::okd::crd::alerting_rules::Rule> = vec![];
+        for rule in self.rules.clone() {
+            rules.push(rule.into())
+        }
+
+        let rule_groups =
+            vec![crate::modules::monitoring::okd::crd::alerting_rules::RuleGroup { name, rules }];
+
+        Ok(serde_json::to_value(rule_groups).map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(e.to_string()))?)
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        self.name.clone()
+    }
+
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertRule<OpenshiftClusterAlertSender>> {
+        Box::new(self.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl AlertRule<KubePrometheus> for AlertManagerRuleGroup {
+    fn build_rule(&self) -> Result<serde_json::Value, InterpretError> {
+        let name = self.name.clone();
+        let mut rules: Vec<
+            crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::crd_prometheus_rules::Rule,
+        > = vec![];
+        for rule in self.rules.clone() {
+            rules.push(rule.into())
+        }
+
+        let rule_groups = vec![
+            crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::crd_prometheus_rules::RuleGroup {
+                name,
+                rules,
+            },
+        ];
+
+        Ok(serde_json::to_value(rule_groups).map_err(|e| InterpretError::new(e.to_string()))?)
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        self.name.clone()
+    }
+
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn AlertRule<KubePrometheus>> {
+        Box::new(self.clone())
+    }
+}

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/application_monitoring/application_monitoring_score.rs

@@ -5,32 +5,26 @@ use serde::Serialize;
 
 use crate::{
     interpret::Interpret,
-    modules::{
-        application::Application,
-        monitoring::{
-            grafana::grafana::Grafana, kube_prometheus::crd::crd_alertmanager_config::CRDPrometheus,
-        },
-        prometheus::prometheus::PrometheusMonitoring,
-    },
+    modules::{application::Application, monitoring::prometheus::Prometheus},
     score::Score,
     topology::{
         K8sclient, Topology,
-        oberservability::monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertingInterpret, ScrapeTarget},
+        monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertingInterpret, Observability, ScrapeTarget},
     },
 };
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
 pub struct ApplicationMonitoringScore {
-    pub sender: CRDPrometheus,
+    pub sender: Prometheus,
     pub application: Arc<dyn Application>,
-    pub receivers: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<CRDPrometheus>>>,
+    pub receivers: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Prometheus>>>,
 }
 
-impl<T: Topology + PrometheusMonitoring<CRDPrometheus> + K8sclient + Grafana> Score<T>
-    for ApplicationMonitoringScore
-{
+impl<T: Topology + Observability<Prometheus> + K8sclient> Score<T> for ApplicationMonitoringScore {
     fn create_interpret(&self) -> Box<dyn Interpret<T>> {
         debug!("creating alerting interpret");
+        //TODO will need to use k8sclient to apply service monitors or find a way to pass
+        //them to the AlertingInterpret potentially via Sender Prometheus
         Box::new(AlertingInterpret {
             sender: self.sender.clone(),
             receivers: self.receivers.clone(),

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/application_monitoring/rhobs_application_monitoring_score.rs

@@ -9,28 +9,27 @@ use crate::{
     inventory::Inventory,
     modules::{
         application::Application,
-        monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::{
-            crd_alertmanager_config::CRDPrometheus, rhob_alertmanager_config::RHOBObservability,
-        },
-        prometheus::prometheus::PrometheusMonitoring,
+        monitoring::red_hat_cluster_observability::RedHatClusterObservability,
     },
     score::Score,
-    topology::{PreparationOutcome, Topology, oberservability::monitoring::AlertReceiver},
+    topology::{
+        Topology,
+        monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertingInterpret, Observability},
+    },
 };
 use harmony_types::id::Id;
-
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
-pub struct ApplicationRHOBMonitoringScore {
-    pub sender: RHOBObservability,
+pub struct ApplicationRedHatClusterMonitoringScore {
+    pub sender: RedHatClusterObservability,
     pub application: Arc<dyn Application>,
-    pub receivers: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RHOBObservability>>>,
+    pub receivers: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<RedHatClusterObservability>>>,
 }
 
-impl<T: Topology + PrometheusMonitoring<RHOBObservability>> Score<T>
-    for ApplicationRHOBMonitoringScore
+impl<T: Topology + Observability<RedHatClusterObservability>> Score<T>
+    for ApplicationRedHatClusterMonitoringScore
 {
     fn create_interpret(&self) -> Box<dyn Interpret<T>> {
-        Box::new(ApplicationRHOBMonitoringInterpret {
+        Box::new(ApplicationRedHatClusterMonitoringInterpret {
             score: self.clone(),
         })
     }
@@ -44,38 +43,28 @@ impl<T: Topology + PrometheusMonitoring<RHOBObservability>> Score<T>
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct ApplicationRHOBMonitoringInterpret {
-    score: ApplicationRHOBMonitoringScore,
+pub struct ApplicationRedHatClusterMonitoringInterpret {
+    score: ApplicationRedHatClusterMonitoringScore,
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl<T: Topology + PrometheusMonitoring<RHOBObservability>> Interpret<T>
-    for ApplicationRHOBMonitoringInterpret
+impl<T: Topology + Observability<RedHatClusterObservability>> Interpret<T>
+    for ApplicationRedHatClusterMonitoringInterpret
 {
     async fn execute(
         &self,
         inventory: &Inventory,
         topology: &T,
     ) -> Result<Outcome, InterpretError> {
-        let result = topology
-            .install_prometheus(
-                &self.score.sender,
-                inventory,
-                Some(self.score.receivers.clone()),
-            )
-            .await;
-
-        match result {
-            Ok(outcome) => match outcome {
-                PreparationOutcome::Success { details: _ } => {
-                    Ok(Outcome::success("Prometheus installed".into()))
-                }
-                PreparationOutcome::Noop => {
-                    Ok(Outcome::noop("Prometheus installation skipped".into()))
-                }
-            },
-            Err(err) => Err(InterpretError::from(err)),
-        }
+        //TODO will need to use k8sclient to apply crd ServiceMonitor or find a way to pass
+        //them to the AlertingInterpret potentially via Sender RedHatClusterObservability
+        let alerting_interpret = AlertingInterpret {
+            sender: self.score.sender.clone(),
+            receivers: self.score.receivers.clone(),
+            rules: vec![],
+            scrape_targets: None,
+        };
+        alerting_interpret.execute(inventory, topology).await
     }
 
     fn get_name(&self) -> InterpretName {

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/grafana/grafana.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,41 @@
-use async_trait::async_trait;
-use k8s_openapi::Resource;
+use serde::Serialize;
 
-use crate::{
-    inventory::Inventory,
-    topology::{PreparationError, PreparationOutcome},
-};
+use crate::topology::monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRule, AlertSender, ScrapeTarget};
 
-#[async_trait]
-pub trait Grafana {
-    async fn ensure_grafana_operator(
-        &self,
-        inventory: &Inventory,
-    ) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError>;
-
-    async fn install_grafana(&self) -> Result<PreparationOutcome, PreparationError>;
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct Grafana {
+    pub namespace: String,
+}
+
+impl AlertSender for Grafana {
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        "grafana".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Grafana>> {
+    fn serialize<S>(&self, _serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: serde::Serializer,
+    {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for Box<dyn AlertRule<Grafana>> {
+    fn serialize<S>(&self, _serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: serde::Serializer,
+    {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<Grafana>> {
+    fn serialize<S>(&self, _serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: serde::Serializer,
+    {
+        todo!()
+    }
 }

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/grafana/grafana_alerting_score.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+use serde::Serialize;
+
+use crate::{
+    modules::monitoring::grafana::grafana::Grafana,
+    score::Score,
+    topology::{
+        Topology,
+        monitoring::{AlertReceiver, AlertRule, AlertingInterpret, Observability, ScrapeTarget},
+    },
+};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct GrafanaAlertingScore {
+    pub receivers: Vec<Box<dyn AlertReceiver<Grafana>>>,
+    pub rules: Vec<Box<dyn AlertRule<Grafana>>>,
+    pub scrape_targets: Option<Vec<Box<dyn ScrapeTarget<Grafana>>>>,
+    pub sender: Grafana,
+}
+
+impl<T: Topology + Observability<Grafana>> Score<T> for GrafanaAlertingScore {
+    fn create_interpret(&self) -> Box<dyn crate::interpret::Interpret<T>> {
+        Box::new(AlertingInterpret {
+            sender: self.sender.clone(),
+            receivers: self.receivers.clone(),
+            rules: self.rules.clone(),
+            scrape_targets: self.scrape_targets.clone(),
+        })
+    }
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        "HelmPrometheusAlertingScore".to_string()
+    }
+}

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/grafana/helm/helm_grafana.rs

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-use harmony_macros::hurl;
-use non_blank_string_rs::NonBlankString;
-use std::{collections::HashMap, str::FromStr};
-
-use crate::modules::helm::chart::{HelmChartScore, HelmRepository};
-
-pub fn grafana_helm_chart_score(ns: &str, namespace_scope: bool) -> HelmChartScore {
-    let mut values_overrides = HashMap::new();
-    values_overrides.insert(
-        NonBlankString::from_str("namespaceScope").unwrap(),
-        namespace_scope.to_string(),
-    );
-    HelmChartScore {
-        namespace: Some(NonBlankString::from_str(ns).unwrap()),
-        release_name: NonBlankString::from_str("grafana-operator").unwrap(),
-        chart_name: NonBlankString::from_str("grafana/grafana-operator").unwrap(),
-        chart_version: None,
-        values_overrides: Some(values_overrides),
-        values_yaml: None,
-        create_namespace: true,
-        install_only: true,
-        repository: Some(HelmRepository::new(
-            "grafana".to_string(),
-            hurl!("https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts"),
-            true,
-        )),
-    }
-}

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/grafana/helm/mod.rs

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-pub mod helm_grafana;

harmony/src/modules/monitoring/grafana/k8s/crd/crd_grafana.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use kube::CustomResource;
 use schemars::JsonSchema;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
-use super::crd_prometheuses::LabelSelector;
+use crate::modules::monitoring::kube_prometheus::crd::crd_prometheuses::LabelSelector;
 
 #[derive(CustomResource, Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, JsonSchema)]
 #[kube(