chore: Move ADR helper files into folders with their corresponding ADR number

adr/003-abstractions/topology2/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "example-topology2"
+edition = "2024"
+version.workspace = true
+readme.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+publish = false
+
+[dependencies]

adr/003-abstractions/topology2/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+// Clean capability-based design using type parameters
+
+trait Capability {}
+
+trait K8sCapability: Capability {
+    fn deploy_k8s_resource(&self, resource_yaml: &str);
+    fn execute_kubectl(&self, command: &str) -> String;
+}
+
+trait LinuxCapability: Capability {
+    fn execute_command(&self, command: &str, args: &[&str]);
+    fn download_file(&self, url: &str, destination: &str) -> Result<(), String>;
+}
+
+trait LoadBalancerCapability: Capability {
+    fn configure_load_balancer(&self, services: &[&str], port: u16);
+    fn get_load_balancer_status(&self) -> String;
+}
+
+// Score trait with capability type parameter
+trait Score<C: ?Sized> {
+    fn execute(&self, capability: &C) -> String;
+}
+
+// Topology implementations with marker trait
+trait Topology {}
+
+struct K3DTopology {}
+impl Topology for K3DTopology {}
+impl Capability for K3DTopology {}
+impl K8sCapability for K3DTopology {
+    fn deploy_k8s_resource(&self, resource_yaml: &str) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn execute_kubectl(&self, command: &str) -> String {
+        todo!()
+    }
+    // Implementation...
+}
+
+struct LinuxTopology {}
+impl Topology for LinuxTopology {}
+impl Capability for LinuxTopology {}
+impl LinuxCapability for LinuxTopology {
+    fn execute_command(&self, command: &str, args: &[&str]) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn download_file(&self, url: &str, destination: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+    // Implementation...
+}
+
+struct OKDHaClusterTopology {}
+impl Topology for OKDHaClusterTopology {}
+impl Capability for OKDHaClusterTopology {}
+impl K8sCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn deploy_k8s_resource(&self, resource_yaml: &str) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn execute_kubectl(&self, command: &str) -> String {
+        todo!()
+    }
+    // Implementation...
+}
+impl LinuxCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn execute_command(&self, command: &str, args: &[&str]) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn download_file(&self, url: &str, destination: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+    // Implementation...
+}
+impl LoadBalancerCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn configure_load_balancer(&self, services: &[&str], port: u16) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn get_load_balancer_status(&self) -> String {
+        todo!()
+    }
+    // Implementation...
+}
+
+// Score implementations
+struct LAMPScore {}
+impl Score<dyn K8sCapability> for LAMPScore {
+    fn execute(&self, capability: &dyn K8sCapability) -> String {
+        todo!()
+        // Implementation...
+    }
+}
+
+struct BinaryScore {}
+impl Score<dyn LinuxCapability> for BinaryScore {
+    fn execute(&self, capability: &dyn LinuxCapability) -> String {
+        todo!()
+        // Implementation...
+    }
+}
+
+struct LoadBalancerScore {}
+impl Score<dyn LoadBalancerCapability> for LoadBalancerScore {
+    fn execute(&self, capability: &dyn LoadBalancerCapability) -> String {
+        todo!()
+        // Implementation...
+    }
+}
+
+// Generic Maestro
+struct Maestro<T> {
+    topology: T,
+    scores: Vec<Box<dyn FnMut(&T) -> String>>,
+}
+
+impl<T: 'static> Maestro<T> {
+    fn new(topology: T) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            topology,
+            scores: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+    
+    fn interpret_all(&mut self) -> Vec<String> {
+        self.scores.iter_mut()
+            .map(|score| score(&self.topology))
+            .collect()
+    }
+}
+
+// Capability-specific extensions
+impl<T: K8sCapability + 'static> Maestro<T> {
+    fn register_k8s_score<S: Score<dyn K8sCapability> + 'static>(&mut self, score: S) {
+        let score_box = Box::new(move |topology: &T| {
+            score.execute(topology as &dyn K8sCapability)
+        });
+        self.scores.push(score_box);
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: LinuxCapability + 'static> Maestro<T> {
+    fn register_linux_score<S: Score<dyn LinuxCapability> + 'static>(&mut self, score: S) {
+        let score_box = Box::new(move |topology: &T| {
+            score.execute(topology as &dyn LinuxCapability)
+        });
+        self.scores.push(score_box);
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: LoadBalancerCapability + 'static> Maestro<T> {
+    fn register_lb_score<S: Score<dyn LoadBalancerCapability> + 'static>(&mut self, score: S) {
+        let score_box = Box::new(move |topology: &T| {
+            score.execute(topology as &dyn LoadBalancerCapability)
+        });
+        self.scores.push(score_box);
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // Example usage
+    let k3d = K3DTopology {};
+    let mut k3d_maestro = Maestro::new(k3d);
+    
+    // These will compile because K3D implements K8sCapability
+    k3d_maestro.register_k8s_score(LAMPScore {});
+    
+    // This would not compile because K3D doesn't implement LoadBalancerCapability
+    // k3d_maestro.register_lb_score(LoadBalancerScore {});
+    
+    let linux = LinuxTopology {};
+    let mut linux_maestro = Maestro::new(linux);
+    
+    // This will compile because Linux implements LinuxCapability
+    linux_maestro.register_linux_score(BinaryScore {});
+    
+    // This would not compile because Linux doesn't implement K8sCapability
+    // linux_maestro.register_k8s_score(LAMPScore {});
+}

adr/003-abstractions/topology2/src/main_capabilities.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+fn main() {
+    // Create various topologies
+    let okd_topology = OKDHaClusterTopology::new();
+    let k3d_topology = K3DTopology::new();
+    let linux_topology = LinuxTopology::new();
+
+    // Create scores
+    let lamp_score = LAMPScore::new("MySQL 8.0", "PHP 8.1", "Apache 2.4");
+    let binary_score = BinaryScore::new("https://example.com/binary", vec!["--arg1", "--arg2"]);
+    let load_balancer_score = LoadBalancerScore::new(vec!["service1", "service2"], 80);
+
+    // Example 1: Running LAMP stack on OKD
+    println!("\n=== Deploying LAMP stack on OKD cluster ===");
+    lamp_score.execute(&okd_topology);
+
+    // Example 2: Running LAMP stack on K3D
+    println!("\n=== Deploying LAMP stack on K3D cluster ===");
+    lamp_score.execute(&k3d_topology);
+
+    // Example 3: Running binary on Linux host
+    println!("\n=== Running binary on Linux host ===");
+    binary_score.execute(&linux_topology);
+
+    // Example 4: Running binary on OKD (which can also run Linux commands)
+    println!("\n=== Running binary on OKD host ===");
+    binary_score.execute(&okd_topology);
+
+    // Example 5: Load balancer configuration on OKD
+    println!("\n=== Configuring load balancer on OKD ===");
+    load_balancer_score.execute(&okd_topology);
+
+    // The following would not compile:
+    // load_balancer_score.execute(&k3d_topology); // K3D doesn't implement LoadBalancerCapability
+    // lamp_score.execute(&linux_topology);        // Linux doesn't implement K8sCapability
+}
+
+// Base Topology trait
+trait Topology {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str;
+}
+
+// Define capabilities
+trait K8sCapability {
+    fn deploy_k8s_resource(&self, resource_yaml: &str);
+    fn execute_kubectl(&self, command: &str) -> String;
+}
+
+trait OKDCapability: K8sCapability {
+    fn execute_oc(&self, command: &str) -> String;
+}
+
+trait LinuxCapability {
+    fn execute_command(&self, command: &str, args: &[&str]) -> String;
+    fn download_file(&self, url: &str, destination: &str) -> Result<(), String>;
+}
+
+trait LoadBalancerCapability {
+    fn configure_load_balancer(&self, services: &[&str], port: u16);
+    fn get_load_balancer_status(&self) -> String;
+}
+
+trait FirewallCapability {
+    fn open_port(&self, port: u16, protocol: &str);
+    fn close_port(&self, port: u16, protocol: &str);
+}
+
+trait RouterCapability {
+    fn configure_route(&self, service: &str, hostname: &str);
+}
+
+// Topology implementations
+struct OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    cluster_name: String,
+}
+
+impl OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            cluster_name: "okd-ha-cluster".to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Topology for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.cluster_name
+    }
+}
+
+impl K8sCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn deploy_k8s_resource(&self, resource_yaml: &str) {
+        println!("Deploying K8s resource on OKD cluster: {}", resource_yaml);
+    }
+
+    fn execute_kubectl(&self, command: &str) -> String {
+        println!("Executing kubectl command on OKD cluster: {}", command);
+        "kubectl command output".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+impl OKDCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn execute_oc(&self, command: &str) -> String {
+        println!("Executing oc command on OKD cluster: {}", command);
+        "oc command output".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+impl LinuxCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn execute_command(&self, command: &str, args: &[&str]) -> String {
+        println!(
+            "Executing command '{}' with args {:?} on OKD node",
+            command, args
+        );
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn download_file(&self, url: &str, destination: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+        println!(
+            "Downloading file from {} to {} on OKD node",
+            url, destination
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl LoadBalancerCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn configure_load_balancer(&self, services: &[&str], port: u16) {
+        println!(
+            "Configuring load balancer for services {:?} on port {} in OKD",
+            services, port
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn get_load_balancer_status(&self) -> String {
+        "OKD Load Balancer: HEALTHY".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+impl FirewallCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn open_port(&self, port: u16, protocol: &str) {
+        println!(
+            "Opening port {} with protocol {} on OKD firewall",
+            port, protocol
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn close_port(&self, port: u16, protocol: &str) {
+        println!(
+            "Closing port {} with protocol {} on OKD firewall",
+            port, protocol
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+impl RouterCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn configure_route(&self, service: &str, hostname: &str) {
+        println!(
+            "Configuring route for service {} with hostname {} on OKD",
+            service, hostname
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+struct K3DTopology {
+    cluster_name: String,
+}
+
+impl K3DTopology {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            cluster_name: "k3d-local".to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Topology for K3DTopology {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.cluster_name
+    }
+}
+
+impl K8sCapability for K3DTopology {
+    fn deploy_k8s_resource(&self, resource_yaml: &str) {
+        println!("Deploying K8s resource on K3D cluster: {}", resource_yaml);
+    }
+
+    fn execute_kubectl(&self, command: &str) -> String {
+        println!("Executing kubectl command on K3D cluster: {}", command);
+        "kubectl command output from K3D".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+struct LinuxTopology {
+    hostname: String,
+}
+
+impl LinuxTopology {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            hostname: "linux-host".to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Topology for LinuxTopology {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.hostname
+    }
+}
+
+impl LinuxCapability for LinuxTopology {
+    fn execute_command(&self, command: &str, args: &[&str]) -> String {
+        println!(
+            "Executing command '{}' with args {:?} on Linux host",
+            command, args
+        );
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn download_file(&self, url: &str, destination: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+        println!(
+            "Downloading file from {} to {} on Linux host",
+            url, destination
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+// Score implementations
+struct LAMPScore {
+    mysql_version: String,
+    php_version: String,
+    apache_version: String,
+}
+
+impl LAMPScore {
+    fn new(mysql_version: &str, php_version: &str, apache_version: &str) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            mysql_version: mysql_version.to_string(),
+            php_version: php_version.to_string(),
+            apache_version: apache_version.to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn execute<T: K8sCapability>(&self, topology: &T) {
+        // Deploy MySQL
+        topology.deploy_k8s_resource("mysql-deployment.yaml");
+
+        // Deploy PHP
+        topology.deploy_k8s_resource("php-deployment.yaml");
+
+        // Deploy Apache
+        topology.deploy_k8s_resource("apache-deployment.yaml");
+
+        // Create service
+        topology.deploy_k8s_resource("lamp-service.yaml");
+
+        // Check deployment
+        let status = topology.execute_kubectl("get pods -l app=lamp");
+        println!("LAMP deployment status: {}", status);
+    }
+}
+
+struct BinaryScore {
+    url: String,
+    args: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+impl BinaryScore {
+    fn new(url: &str, args: Vec<&str>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            url: url.to_string(),
+            args: args.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn execute<T: LinuxCapability>(&self, topology: &T) {
+        let destination = "/tmp/binary";
+
+        match topology.download_file(&self.url, destination) {
+            Ok(_) => {
+                println!("Binary downloaded successfully");
+
+                // Convert args to slice of &str
+                let args: Vec<&str> = self.args.iter().map(|s| s.as_str()).collect();
+
+                // Execute the binary
+                topology.execute_command(destination, &args);
+                println!("Binary execution completed");
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                println!("Failed to download binary: {}", e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct LoadBalancerScore {
+    services: Vec<String>,
+    port: u16,
+}
+
+impl LoadBalancerScore {
+    fn new(services: Vec<&str>, port: u16) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            services: services.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect(),
+            port,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn execute<T: LoadBalancerCapability>(&self, topology: &T) {
+        println!("Configuring load balancer for services");
+
+        // Convert services to slice of &str
+        let services: Vec<&str> = self.services.iter().map(|s| s.as_str()).collect();
+
+        // Configure load balancer
+        topology.configure_load_balancer(&services, self.port);
+
+        // Check status
+        let status = topology.get_load_balancer_status();
+        println!("Load balancer status: {}", status);
+    }
+}

adr/003-abstractions/topology2/src/main_v1.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+fn main() {}
+
+trait Topology {}
+
+struct DummyTopology {}
+
+impl Topology for DummyTopology {}
+
+impl Topology for LampTopology {}
+
+struct LampTopology {}
+
+struct Maestro {
+    topology: Box<dyn Topology>,
+}
+
+trait Score {
+    type Topology: Topology;
+    fn execute(&self, topology: &Self::Topology);
+}
+
+struct K8sScore {}
+impl Score for K8sScore {
+    type Topology = LampTopology;
+    fn execute(&self, topology: &Box<dyn Self::Topology>) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Maestro {
+    pub fn execute<T: Topology>(&self, score: Box<dyn Score<Topology = T>>) {
+        score.execute(&self.topology);
+    }
+}

adr/003-abstractions/topology2/src/main_v2.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+fn main() {
+    // Example usage
+    let lamp_topology = LampTopology {};
+    let k8s_score = K8sScore {};
+    let docker_topology = DockerTopology{};
+    
+    // Type-safe execution
+    let maestro = Maestro::new(Box::new(docker_topology));
+    maestro.execute(&k8s_score); // This will work
+    
+    // This would fail at compile time if we tried:
+    // let dummy_topology = DummyTopology {};
+    // let maestro = Maestro::new(Box::new(dummy_topology));
+    // maestro.execute(&k8s_score); // Error: expected LampTopology, found DummyTopology
+}
+
+// Base trait for all topologies
+trait Topology {
+    // Common topology methods could go here
+    fn topology_type(&self) -> &str;
+}
+
+struct DummyTopology {}
+impl Topology for DummyTopology {
+    fn topology_type(&self) -> &str { "Dummy" }
+}
+
+struct LampTopology {}
+impl Topology for LampTopology {
+    fn topology_type(&self) -> &str { "LAMP" }
+}
+
+struct  DockerTopology {}
+
+impl Topology for DockerTopology {
+    fn topology_type(&self) -> &str {
+        todo!("DockerTopology")
+    }
+}
+
+// The Score trait with an associated type for the required topology
+trait Score {
+    type RequiredTopology: Topology + ?Sized;
+    fn execute(&self, topology: &Self::RequiredTopology);
+    fn score_type(&self) -> &str;
+}
+
+// A score that requires LampTopology
+struct K8sScore {}
+impl Score for K8sScore {
+    type RequiredTopology = DockerTopology;
+    
+    fn execute(&self, topology: &Self::RequiredTopology) {
+        println!("Executing K8sScore on {} topology", topology.topology_type());
+        // Implementation details...
+    }
+    
+    fn score_type(&self) -> &str { "K8s" }
+}
+
+// A generic maestro that can work with any topology type
+struct Maestro<T: Topology + ?Sized> {
+    topology: Box<T>,
+}
+
+impl<T: Topology + ?Sized> Maestro<T> {
+    pub fn new(topology: Box<T>) -> Self {
+        Maestro { topology }
+    }
+    
+    // Execute a score that requires this specific topology type
+    pub fn execute<S: Score<RequiredTopology = T>>(&self, score: &S) {
+        println!("Maestro executing {} score", score.score_type());
+        score.execute(&*self.topology);
+    }
+}

adr/003-abstractions/topology2/src/main_v4.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+fn main() {
+    // Create topologies
+    let okd_topology = OKDHaClusterTopology::new();
+    let k3d_topology = K3DTopology::new();
+    let linux_topology = LinuxTopology::new();
+
+    // Create scores - boxing them as trait objects for dynamic dispatch
+    let scores: Vec<Box<dyn Score>> = vec![
+        Box::new(LAMPScore::new("MySQL 8.0", "PHP 8.1", "Apache 2.4")),
+        Box::new(BinaryScore::new("https://example.com/binary", vec!["--arg1", "--arg2"])),
+        Box::new(LoadBalancerScore::new(vec!["service1", "service2"], 80)),
+    ];
+
+    // Running scores on OKD topology (which has all capabilities)
+    println!("\n=== Running all scores on OKD HA Cluster ===");
+    for score in &scores {
+        match score.execute(&okd_topology) {
+            Ok(result) => println!("Score executed successfully: {}", result),
+            Err(e) => println!("Failed to execute score: {}", e),
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Running scores on K3D topology (only has K8s capability)
+    println!("\n=== Running scores on K3D Cluster ===");
+    for score in &scores {
+        match score.execute(&k3d_topology) {
+            Ok(result) => println!("Score executed successfully: {}", result),
+            Err(e) => println!("Failed to execute score: {}", e),
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Running scores on Linux topology (only has Linux capability)
+    println!("\n=== Running scores on Linux Host ===");
+    for score in &scores {
+        match score.execute(&linux_topology) {
+            Ok(result) => println!("Score executed successfully: {}", result),
+            Err(e) => println!("Failed to execute score: {}", e),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Base Topology trait
+trait Topology: Any {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str;
+    
+    // This method allows us to get type information at runtime
+    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any;
+}
+
+// Use Any trait for runtime type checking
+use std::any::Any;
+
+// Define capabilities
+trait K8sCapability {
+    fn deploy_k8s_resource(&self, resource_yaml: &str);
+    fn execute_kubectl(&self, command: &str) -> String;
+}
+
+trait OKDCapability: K8sCapability {
+    fn execute_oc(&self, command: &str) -> String;
+}
+
+trait LinuxCapability {
+    fn execute_command(&self, command: &str, args: &[&str]);
+    fn download_file(&self, url: &str, destination: &str) -> Result<(), String>;
+}
+
+trait LoadBalancerCapability {
+    fn configure_load_balancer(&self, services: &[&str], port: u16);
+    fn get_load_balancer_status(&self) -> String;
+}
+
+// Base Score trait with dynamic dispatch
+trait Score {
+    // Generic execute method that takes any topology
+    fn execute(&self, topology: &dyn Topology) -> Result<String, String>;
+    
+    // Optional method to get score type for better error messages
+    fn score_type(&self) -> &str;
+}
+
+// Topology implementations
+struct OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    cluster_name: String,
+}
+
+impl OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self { cluster_name: "okd-ha-cluster".to_string() }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Topology for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.cluster_name
+    }
+    
+    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+impl K8sCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn deploy_k8s_resource(&self, resource_yaml: &str) {
+        println!("Deploying K8s resource on OKD cluster: {}", resource_yaml);
+    }
+    
+    fn execute_kubectl(&self, command: &str) -> String {
+        println!("Executing kubectl command on OKD cluster: {}", command);
+        "kubectl command output".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+impl OKDCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn execute_oc(&self, command: &str) -> String {
+        println!("Executing oc command on OKD cluster: {}", command);
+        "oc command output".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+impl LinuxCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn execute_command(&self, command: &str, args: &[&str]) {
+        println!("Executing command '{}' with args {:?} on OKD node", command, args);
+    }
+    
+    fn download_file(&self, url: &str, destination: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+        println!("Downloading file from {} to {} on OKD node", url, destination);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl LoadBalancerCapability for OKDHaClusterTopology {
+    fn configure_load_balancer(&self, services: &[&str], port: u16) {
+        println!("Configuring load balancer for services {:?} on port {} in OKD", services, port);
+    }
+    
+    fn get_load_balancer_status(&self) -> String {
+        "OKD Load Balancer: HEALTHY".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+struct K3DTopology {
+    cluster_name: String,
+}
+
+impl K3DTopology {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self { cluster_name: "k3d-local".to_string() }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Topology for K3DTopology {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.cluster_name
+    }
+    
+    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+impl K8sCapability for K3DTopology {
+    fn deploy_k8s_resource(&self, resource_yaml: &str) {
+        println!("Deploying K8s resource on K3D cluster: {}", resource_yaml);
+    }
+    
+    fn execute_kubectl(&self, command: &str) -> String {
+        println!("Executing kubectl command on K3D cluster: {}", command);
+        "kubectl command output from K3D".to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+struct LinuxTopology {
+    hostname: String,
+}
+
+impl LinuxTopology {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self { hostname: "linux-host".to_string() }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Topology for LinuxTopology {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.hostname
+    }
+    
+    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+impl LinuxCapability for LinuxTopology {
+    fn execute_command(&self, command: &str, args: &[&str]) {
+        println!("Executing command '{}' with args {:?} on Linux host", command, args);
+    }
+    
+    fn download_file(&self, url: &str, destination: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+        println!("Downloading file from {} to {} on Linux host", url, destination);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+// Score implementations using dynamic capability checks
+struct LAMPScore {
+    mysql_version: String,
+    php_version: String,
+    apache_version: String,
+}
+
+impl LAMPScore {
+    fn new(mysql_version: &str, php_version: &str, apache_version: &str) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            mysql_version: mysql_version.to_string(),
+            php_version: php_version.to_string(),
+            apache_version: apache_version.to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+    
+    // Helper method for typesafe execution
+    fn execute_with_k8s(&self, topology: &dyn K8sCapability) -> String {
+        println!("Deploying LAMP stack with MySQL {}, PHP {}, Apache {}",
+                 self.mysql_version, self.php_version, self.apache_version);
+        
+        // Deploy MySQL
+        topology.deploy_k8s_resource("mysql-deployment.yaml");
+        
+        // Deploy PHP
+        topology.deploy_k8s_resource("php-deployment.yaml");
+        
+        // Deploy Apache
+        topology.deploy_k8s_resource("apache-deployment.yaml");
+        
+        // Create service
+        topology.deploy_k8s_resource("lamp-service.yaml");
+        
+        // Check deployment
+        let status = topology.execute_kubectl("get pods -l app=lamp");
+        format!("LAMP deployment status: {}", status)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Score for LAMPScore {
+    fn execute(&self, topology: &dyn Topology) -> Result<String, String> {
+        // Try to downcast to K8sCapability
+        if let Some(k8s_topology) = topology.as_any().downcast_ref::<OKDHaClusterTopology>() {
+            Ok(self.execute_with_k8s(k8s_topology))
+        } else if let Some(k8s_topology) = topology.as_any().downcast_ref::<K3DTopology>() {
+            Ok(self.execute_with_k8s(k8s_topology))
+        } else {
+            Err(format!("LAMPScore requires K8sCapability but topology {} doesn't provide it", 
+                        topology.name()))
+        }
+    }
+    
+    fn score_type(&self) -> &str {
+        "LAMP"
+    }
+}
+
+struct BinaryScore {
+    url: String,
+    args: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+impl BinaryScore {
+    fn new(url: &str, args: Vec<&str>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            url: url.to_string(),
+            args: args.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect(),
+        }
+    }
+    
+    // Helper method for typesafe execution
+    fn execute_with_linux(&self, topology: &dyn LinuxCapability) -> Result<String, String> {
+        let destination = "/tmp/binary";
+        
+        // Download the binary
+        println!("Preparing to run binary from {}", self.url);
+        
+        match topology.download_file(&self.url, destination) {
+            Ok(_) => {
+                println!("Binary downloaded successfully");
+                
+                // Convert args to slice of &str
+                let args: Vec<&str> = self.args.iter().map(|s| s.as_str()).collect();
+                
+                // Execute the binary
+                topology.execute_command(destination, &args);
+                Ok("Binary execution completed successfully".to_string())
+            },
+            Err(e) => {
+                Err(format!("Failed to download binary: {}", e))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Score for BinaryScore {
+    fn execute(&self, topology: &dyn Topology) -> Result<String, String> {
+        // Try to downcast to LinuxCapability
+        if let Some(linux_topology) = topology.as_any().downcast_ref::<OKDHaClusterTopology>() {
+            self.execute_with_linux(linux_topology)
+        } else if let Some(linux_topology) = topology.as_any().downcast_ref::<LinuxTopology>() {
+            self.execute_with_linux(linux_topology)
+        } else {
+            Err(format!("BinaryScore requires LinuxCapability but topology {} doesn't provide it", 
+                        topology.name()))
+        }
+    }
+    
+    fn score_type(&self) -> &str {
+        "Binary"
+    }
+}
+
+struct LoadBalancerScore {
+    services: Vec<String>,
+    port: u16,
+}
+
+impl LoadBalancerScore {
+    fn new(services: Vec<&str>, port: u16) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            services: services.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect(),
+            port,
+        }
+    }
+    
+    // Helper method for typesafe execution
+    fn execute_with_lb(&self, topology: &dyn LoadBalancerCapability) -> String {
+        println!("Configuring load balancer for services");
+        
+        // Convert services to slice of &str
+        let services: Vec<&str> = self.services.iter().map(|s| s.as_str()).collect();
+        
+        // Configure load balancer
+        topology.configure_load_balancer(&services, self.port);
+        
+        // Check status
+        let status = topology.get_load_balancer_status();
+        format!("Load balancer configured successfully. Status: {}", status)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Score for LoadBalancerScore {
+    fn execute(&self, topology: &dyn Topology) -> Result<String, String> {
+        // Only OKDHaClusterTopology implements LoadBalancerCapability
+        if let Some(lb_topology) = topology.as_any().downcast_ref::<OKDHaClusterTopology>() {
+            Ok(self.execute_with_lb(lb_topology))
+        } else {
+            Err(format!("LoadBalancerScore requires LoadBalancerCapability but topology {} doesn't provide it", 
+                        topology.name()))
+        }
+    }
+    
+    fn score_type(&self) -> &str {
+        "LoadBalancer"
+    }
+}